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Indian Organic and Speciality Chemicals Industry
Scope eKnowledge Center Pvt Ltd, Jan 2001, Pages: 38
Organic chemicals are compounds that are formed from the two basic building blocks of carbon and hydrogen. It is one of the most important sectors of the chemical industry, providing the basic feedstock for a variety of other industrial sectors such as drugs and pharmaceuticals, dyes and dye intermediates, leather chemicals, paints and pesticides. As in the case of most of the other chemical sectors, the domestic industry is a late starter, with the pioneers in the field being the National Organic Chemical Industries Limited (Nocil) and Hindustan Organic Chemicals Limited (Hocl). The Indian industry has traditionally used the alcohol route for the manufacture of many organic chemicals, but is now shifting over to the globally accepted petrochemical route, with the alignment of petrochemical feedstock prices with the international levels. The industry is valued at around US$ 4.5 billion (1999-00).
Specialty chemicals are those that are customized to perform specific functions, applications and operating conditions. These chemicals need application know-how and technical service support to produce an optimum level of performance. Even within the same end use industry, the customer specifications for specialty chemicals can vary. The growth of the industry has been fuelled by the Second World War, which resulted in product-oriented research in the economies of USA and Europe.
The oil crisis of the 1970s saw a shift to process-oriented research in the global economies. After a fall in the 1980s, the last decade of the century has rekindled interest in the industry and has seen the emergence of Asia as a power to reckon in the industry. The Indian industry however saw a spurt in growth in the 1980s, which was sustained in the last decade. The industry is today valued at US$ 1.1 billion and has emerged as a key player in the Asia Pacific region. A few large companies with a wide range of products dominate the industry. The industry is highly fragmented, there being more than 10,000 manufacturing units in total.
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