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Plant-derived Vaccines
Expert Reviews Ltd, Aug 2010, Pages: 177
The application of recombinant technology to plants has led to major advances in plant biology, allowing production of genetically modified plants that are optimized for yield and/or resistant to pathogens/pesticides. New technologies have enabled the development of crop and non-crop plants that can express pharmaceutical-grade proteins (including glycosylated proteins). Plant expression systems have major advantages over other prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems in terms of speed, costs as well as safety. Plants can be efficiently used as bioreactors in transient systems driven by well-contained infectious vectors, or in stable transgenic systems based on nuclear or plastidial transformation.
A special application of plants as bioreactors is their use to express antigenic molecules to be administered as vaccines. In this special issue on plant-based vaccines, we are reviewing the techniques employed and goals achieved in this field from different angles. Plants are used to produce not only immunogens, but also adjuvants, microbicides and monoclonal antibodies. Plant expression systems cover the whole range of tools needed for an effective preventive, as well as therapeutic immunotherapy.
This Special Focus Issue of the peer-reviewed journal Expert Review of Vaccines, includes 13 manuscripts spanning most of the issues involved in plant-based vaccine production, including intellectual property issues. Besides the detailed description of antigen expressions in different plant systems, adjuvant productions as well as plant glycosylation of proteins are also analyzed. The first six articles deal with general aspects of the plant systems used for the production of pharmaceuticals, and the latter seven articles describe specific vaccine approaches pursued in plants.
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