Reducing the Involvement of Youth in Armed Violence: Programming Note
OECD Publishing, March 2011, Pages: 64
Armed violence is an everyday reality for millions of people around the globe. More than 700 000 people die as a result of armed violence each year. Many more experience traumatic loss in their families and are left with lasting psychological and physical scars. The impact of armed violence extends further, negatively influencing development, peace and good governance, often by creating a climate of impunity, corruption and by undermining public institutions. It is also closely tied with transnational crime and the misery and abuse associated with the illegal trafficking of arms, drugs and people. Finally, the economic impact of armed violence is striking with the cost of lost productivity due to non-conflict armed violence alone estimated to cost upwards of USD 95 billion annually worldwide. This violence has important youth and gender dimensions. The majority of perpetrators and victims are men, while women and girls are at greater risk of violence that is less visible and committed in the private sphere, including intimate partner violence, child abuse, sexual and gender based violence. Measures at reducing armed violence are therefore also measures at reducing human suffering.
The OECD DAC policy paper Armed Violence Reduction: Enabling Development, published in 2009, acknowledged as a challenge the increased levels of armed violence in non-conflict countries, the increasing linkage between conflict and crime, rapidly growing youth populations in the south and accelerating levels of unregulated urbanisation. The paper provided a methodology to help donors tackle the programming challenging of reducing armed violence. Building on the OECD DAC policy paper, three programming notes were developed to contribute to our understanding of specific types of armed violence: Youth and armed violence, armed violence in urban areas and Security System Reform in relation to Armed violence reduction. Each note aims to improve our understanding of these dynamics while also offering practical assistance on assessments, programme design, risk management, monitoring and evaluation, as well as on entry points for direct and indirect programming.
List of abbreviations
OECD Armed Violence Reduction (AVR) programming notes
1. Cities and violence
Structure of the note
2. Characteristics of effective urban violence prevention programmes
3. Assessments and programme design
- Inclusive assessment for programme design
- Employing the AVR lens for assessment
- Moving from programme assessment to design
4. Entry points for AVR programming
5. Direct AVR programming in urban areas
- The importance of engaging multiple levels of government
6. Indirect AVR programming in urban areas
7. Managing programming risks
8. Monitoring and evaluation
Notes
Further reading
Bibliography
Boxes
Box 3.1 Inclusive assessment and design
Box 4.1 The importance of strong leadership
Box 5.1 The Boston gun project
Box 5.2 Victim support programmes in Malaysia
Box 5.3 Preventing violence against street hawkers in Nigeria
Box 5.4 Multi-sectoral, multi-level intervention in Côte d’Ivoire
Box 6.1 Community-driven development in Port-au-Prince Haiti
Box 6.2 Youth development in the Dominican Republic
Box 6.3 Youth inclusion in Liberia
Box 6.4 After school programme to reduce violence in Brazil
Box 7.1 Youth violence prevention in Timor-Leste
Box 8.1 Regional system of co-existence and citizen security indicators in
Latin America
Box 8.2 Examples of micro-level indicators for monitoring project impact
Table
Table 5.1 AVR direct programming for urban violence prevention
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