Sample preparation is an essential step in many analyses. This book approaches the topic of sample preparation in chromatography in a methodical way, viewing it as a logical connection between sample collection and analytical chromatography. Providing a guide for choosing the appropriate sample preparation for a given analysis, this book describes various ways to process the sample, explaining the principle, discussing the advantages and disadvantages, describing the applicability to different types of samples, and showing the fitness to specific chromatographic determinations.
The first part of the book contains an overview of sample preparation showing its relation to sample collection and to the core chromatographic analysis. The second part covers procedures that do not use chemical modifications of the analyte and includes methods for sample dissolution, concentration and cleanup designed mainly for modifying the initial matrix of the sample. This part starts with conventional separations such as filtration and distillation and finishes with more advanced techniques such as solid phase extraction and electroseparations. The third part gives a description of the chemical modifications that can be performed on a sample either for fractionation purposes or to improve a specific property of the analyte. This part includes derivatizations, polymer chemical degradations, and pyrolysis.
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Table of Contents
Introduction and General Considerations. Preparatory information. Sampling and its connection with sample preparation. Overview on sample preparation for chromatography. Chromatography as the core step in an analytical process. Data processing in chromatographic methods. Automation in sample preparation.Sample Preparation Techniques using Physical Processes. Mechanical processing in sample preparation. Phase transfer separations applied in sample preparation. Headspace sampling techniques in gas chromatography. Solvent extraction. Sorbent extraction. Chromatographic procedures as preliminary separation. Membrane separations. Electroseparation techniques in sample preparation. Other separation techniques in sample preparation.
Sample Preparation Techniques involving Chemical Modifications. Chemical modifications for dissolution and fractionation. Purpose of derivatization in chromatographic analysis. Chemical reactions used in derivatization. Derivatization reactions for analytes with various functional groups. Chemical degradation of polymers and pyrolysis.
