A Guide Book to Implement Agriculture Demand Side Management - Studies from Water - Energy Nexus Activity (Wenexa II) Project
IndiaCore, July 2011, Pages: 180
The book is a compilation by Tetra Tech of studies conducted under the first market-driven public-private partnership between Bangalore Electricity Supply Company and an energy service company for agricultural demand-side management pilot. It will be helpful in implementing large scale program of agriculture demand side management.
The agricultural sector consumes about 23 percent of India's electricity and 90 percent of its ground water. Although a number of initiatives have demonstrated that more efficient irrigation pump sets could save 30 to 70 percent of the sector's electricity use, stakeholders have been unwilling to bear the costs and risks of replacing the country's inefficient pump sets. To address this problem, the United States Agency for International Development has launched a pilot project to replace about 604 irrigation pump sets in India's Karnataka State. The study concludes that with a nationwide investment of $12 billion in new high energy efficient pumps, India could reduce its electricity demand-supply gap from the current 11% to 3% and its annual agricultural tariff subsidy by $2 billion a year. Additionally, with improved power reliability and quality, farmers would tend to run their IPsets (Irrigation pump sets) more judiciously resulting in decreasing fall of groundwater levels.
This pilot is the first market-driven public-private partnership between Bangalore Electricity Supply Company and an energy service company for agricultural demand-side management.
The study concludes that with a nationwide investment of $12 billion in new high energy efficient pumps, India could reduce its electricity demand-supply gap by 50% and its annual agricultural tariff subsidy by $1.6 billion a year. Additionally, with improved power reliability and quality, farmers would tend to run their IP sets (Irrigation pump sets) more judiciously resulting in decreasing fall of groundwater levels.
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Agriculture's Place in the Indian Economy
1.2 Factors Contributing to the Growth of Irrigated Land
1.3 The Growth of IP sets in India
1.4 The Increasing Ground Water Requirement for Irrigation
1.5 The Growth of Electricity Consumption in Agriculture
CHAPTER 2. THE IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL TARIFFS: IMPLICATIONS FOR STATE ELECTRICITY BOARDS
2.1 India's Power Sector in the Context of Agriculture Consumption
2.2 Agricultural Tariffs across India
2.3 Status of Agriculture Subsidies in Various States
CHAPTER 3. INDIA'S GROUND WATER ECONOMY
3.1 The Impact of Using Inefficient IP Sets
3.2 The Impact of Ground Water Depletion
3.3 The Impact of Falling Ground Water Tables across India
CHAPTER 4. THE WATER-ENERGY NEXUS
4.1 Increasing Ground Water Irrigation and its Effects on Electricity Use
4.2 The Declining Ground Water Table across India
4.3 The Increasing Financial Burden of State Electricity Boards
CHAPTER 5. BUSINESS MODELS FOR IMPLEMENTING AGDSM PROJECTS
5.1 Evaluation of Various Solutions
5.2 Development of Business Model on AgDSM
CHAPTER 6. REVIEW OF PILOTS CONDUCTED ON AGRICULTURE DSM
6.1 Review of Pilots
6.2 Analysis of Pilots
6.3 Lessons Learned from the Pilots
CHAPTER 7. PILOT CONDUCTED IN DODDABALLAPUR, BESCOM
7.1 Background
7.2 Pilot Site Profile
7.3 Project Implementation
CHAPTER 8. ESTABLISHING BASELINE FOR AGDSM STUDY
8.1 Baseline for AGDSM Study
8.2 Sanitization of IP Sets
8.3 Calibration of Meters
8.4 Downloading of the Meter Data
8.5 Analysis of downloaded data
8.6 Baseline Energy Calculation
8.7 Energy True Up
8.8 Challenges & Solutions
8.9 Challenges Observed & Appropriate Solutions
8.10 Conclusion & Recommendations
CHAPTER 9. PUMP REPLACEMENT
9.1 Background
9.2 Case study in Doddaballapur, Bangalore
9.3 Field Challenges
CHAPTER 10. CAPACITY BUILDING
Key Stakeholders
CHAPTER 11. WATER-SIDE INTERVENTIONS
11.1 Check Dam
11.2 Saplings
11.3 Contour Bunding
11.4 Other Works
11.5 Micro-Irrigation
CHAPTER 12. CONVERTING REVENUE SUBSIDY INTO CAPITAL SUBSIDY
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Agriculture, Irrigation and Pumpsets in Maharashtra
12.3 Financing and subsidy delivery pilot projects for agricultural pump sets
12.4 Methodology
12.5 Basecase
12.6 Is there a case for transiting from revenue to capital subsidy regime?
12.7 Conclusions
CHAPTER 13. SCALABILITY & SUSTAINABILITY OF THE PROJECT
13.1: Impact and Scalability
CHAPTER 14. CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 15. CHALLENGES, RISK MITIGATION AND THE WAY FORWARD
15.1 Challenges
15.2 Way Forward
CONTRIBUTORS & WENEXA KEY CONTACTS
“A perfect guide book to design and implement an effective AGDSM program in rural India. Based on first - hand experience in implementing WENEXA project this is a benchmark document which shall surely inspire the launching of similar efficient and environment friendly efforts all over the country. Congratulations to all who have contributed in one way or the other.”
Rajesh Awasthi, Chairman, Uttar Pradesh Electricity Regulatory Commission
"Agriculture DSM is a high impact program for the States like Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu. AG DSM is needed to be pursued in coordination with energy, water, agriculture, revenue and finance departments. The WENEXA learning compiled in the book is very useful in developing and implementing large scale AG DSM program involving all stakeholders.”
Vijay L Sonavane, Member (Tech), Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission
"This book is a welcome call to all the Nation's Professionals to adopt a holistic approach to AgDSM. Studies presented, confirm that converting partial revenue subsidy of agriculture tariff into one time capital subsidy is a strong business case. Next challenge is to scale up the DSM movement Nationwide!"
Ajai Nirula, Chief Operating Officer, North Delhi Power Limited
“Being an agrarian economy, innovative and optimal utilization of limited energy resources in agriculture offers much greater opportunities for India than any other country. This AG DSM Guide offers facts, knowledge and insights for developing strategies, policies and tactics, and producing higher return on investment in limited natural resources.”
Praveen Gupta, Director, Center for Innovation Science & Applications, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago
"Very useful exercise undertaken by WENEXA for efficient co-management of Energy and Water which has a wide ramification for India's long term energy security & sustainability in terms of reducing demand-supply gap, energy saving, water preservation, power subsidies, Utility & Government finances, emission control and climate change. I am sure the encouraging results of pilot study carried out in BESCOM area shall be replicated in many more areas across different states in times to come to realize the fruits of Ag DSM."
Gopal K Saxena, Chief Executive, BSES Rajdhani Power Limited
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