Aerodynamic Measurements: From Physical Principles to Turnkey Instrumentation

Woodhead Publishing Ltd, October 2011, Pages: 282

"Aerodynamic measurements" presents a comprehensive review of the theoretical bases which experimental techniques used in aerodynamics are based on. Limitations of each method in terms of accuracy, response time and complexity are addressed. This book serves as a guide to choosing the most pertinent technique for each type of flow field including: 1D, 2D, 3D, steady or unsteady, subsonic, supersonic or hypersonic.

Key features:

- no book currently presents as many techniques as are presented in this volume. They are usually available in only a short course or in proprietary booklets
- a critical review of the various methods will be offered, and help guide the reader to choose the most appropriate in each case
- describes the evolution of specific techniques from old-fashioned mechanical processes to modern computerized versions aiding students and practitioners to understand results of their findings

Pressure sensors
- Fundamental features
- Hydrostatic manometers
- Mechanical manometers
- Pressure transducers
- Pressure-sensitive paints
- References

Velocity and mass flow by pressure measurements
- Introduction
- Measurement of flow speed by pressures
- Pitot tube
- Prandtl tube
- Pitot-static tube
- Flow direction measurements
- Mass flow measurements
- References

Hot wire anemometer
- Introduction
- Materials for probes
- Probes
- Operating principle
- Constant current anemometer (CCA)
- Constant temperature anemometer (CTA)
- Comparison of CCA and CTA
- Operating temperature of the wire
- Compensation of the stream temperature
- The linearizer
- Measurements of absolute value and direction of average velocity
- Measurements in turbulent flows
- Reference

Laser anemometry
- Introduction
- The gas laser
- Laser-Doppler anemometer (LDA)
- Laser two focus anemometer (L2F)
- Particle image velocimetry (PIV)
- References

Temperature measurements
- Sensors
- Detection of transition
- Measurement of stagnation temperature
- References

Flow visualization
- Objectives of the visualization
- Visualization techniques
- Principles of operation of optical methods
- Deflection of a light beam in the presence of a constant gradient of refractive index
- Shadowgraph
- The Schlieren method
- Interferometry
- Quantitative analysis of Schlieren images and interferograms
- References

Measurements of aerodynamic forces
- Types of supports for models in wind tunnels
- Calculating the aerodynamic forces from pressure measurements
- Measuring the aerodynamic forces with balances
- References

Giuseppe Russo is a recently retired Aerospace Engineer. Since 1984 he has been Associate Professor of Experimental Aerodynamics at the Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Aerospaziale (DIAS). Prior to that, the author was Assistant Professor of Gas dynamics from 1967 to 1983 at the same university. Russo has been the author of more than 60 scientific articles, a cconsultant of Centro Italiano di Ricerca Aerospaziale (CIRA) and of Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI). He was Member of the Fluid Dynamic Panel of AGARD/NATO from 1992 to 1997.

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