Composite Reinforcements for Optimum Performance
Woodhead Publishing Ltd, September 2011, Pages: 704
Reinforcements are an integral part of all composites and the quality and performance of the composite can be optimised by modelling the type and structure of the reinforcement before moulding. Composite reinforcements for optimum performance reviews the materials, properties and modelling techniques used in composite production and highlights their uses in optimising performance.
Part one covers materials for reinforcements in composites, including chapters on fibres, carbon nanotubes and ceramics as reinforcement materials. In part two, different types of structures for reinforcements are discussed, with chapters covering woven and braided reinforcements, three-dimensional fibre structures and two methods of modelling the geometry of textile reinforcements: WiseTex and TexGen. Part three focuses on the properties of composite reinforcements, with chapters on topics such as in-plane shear properties, transverse compression, bending and permeability properties. Finally, part four covers characterising and modelling of reinforcements in composites, with chapters focusing on such topics as microscopic and mesoscopic approaches, X-ray tomography analysis and modelling reinforcement forming processes.
With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, "Composite reinforcements for optimum performance" is an essential reference for designers and engineers in the composite and composite reinforcement manufacturing industry, as well as all those with an academic research interest in the subject.
Key features:
- reviews the materials, properties and modelling techniques used in composite production and highlights their uses in performance optimisation
- covers materials for reinforcements in composites, including fibres, carbon nanotubes and ceramics
- discusses characterising and modelling of reinforcements in composites, focusing on such topics as microscopic and mesoscopic approaches, X-ray tomography analysis and modelling reinforcement forming processes
PART 1: MATERIALS FOR REINFORCEMENTS IN COMPOSITES
Fibres for composite reinforcements: properties and microstructures
A R Bunsell, Mines ParisTech, France
- Introduction
- Fineness, units, flexibility and strength
- Comparison of materials
- Organic fibres
- Glass fibres
- Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) monofilaments
- Carbon fibres
- Small diameter ceramic fibres
- Conclusions
- References
Carbon nanotube reinforcements for composites
A W K Ma, Rice University, USA and F Chinesta, Ecole Centrale de Nantes, France
- Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)
- Carbon nanotubes (CNT) polymer composite
- Performance and applications
- References
Ceramic reinforcements for composites
J Lamon, CNRS/National Institute of Applied Science (INSA Lyon), France
- Introduction
- Ceramic fibers: general features
- Fracture strength: statistical features
- Mechanical behavior at high temperatures
- Fiber-matrix interfaces: influence on mechanical behavior
- Mechanical behavior of composites: influence of fibers and interfaces
- Conclusion
- References
PART 2: STRUCTURES FOR REINFORCEMENTS IN COMPOSITES
Woven reinforcements for composites
D Coupé, Snecma Propulsion Solide, France
- Introduction
- Technology description
- Woven fabric definitions
- Application for composite reinforcement
- Conclusion and future trends
- Acknowledgements
- Sources of further information and advice
Braided reinforcements for composites
A Gessler, EADS Deutschland GmbH, Germany
- Introduction
- Fundamentals of braiding
- Braiding technologies for preforming
- Key parameters for using braiding machines
- Characteristics and properties of braided textiles
- Mandrel technologies
- Further processing
- Typical applications
- Limitations and drawbacks
- Future trends
- Sources of further information and advice
- References
Three-dimensional (3D) fibre reinforcements for composites
A P Mouritz, RMIT University, Australia
- Introduction
- Manufacture of three-dimensional (3D) fibre components
- Microstructure of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites
- Delamination fracture of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites
- Impact damage resistance and tolerance of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites
- Through-thickness stiffness and strength of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites
- Through-thickness thermal properties of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites
- In-plane mechanical properties of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites
- Joint properties of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites
- Conclusions
- References
Modelling the geometry of textile reinforcements for composites: WiseTex
S V Lomov, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
- Introduction
- Generic data structure for description of internal geometry of textile reinforcement
- Geometrical description of specific types of reinforcements
- Geometrical model as a pre-processor for prediction of mechanical properties of the reinforcement
- Conclusion
- References
Modelling the geometry of textile reinforcements for composites: TexGen
A C Long and L P Brown, University of Nottingham, UK
- Introduction: rationale and background to TexGen
- Implementation
- Modelling theory
- Rendering and export of model
- Applications
- Future trends
- References
PART 3: PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE REINFORCEMENTS
In-plane shear properties of woven fabric reinforced composites
J Cao, Northwestern University, J Chen, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA and X Q Peng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- Introduction
- Fabric properties
- Experimental setups of the trellis-frame test
- Experimental results of the trellis-frame test
- Experimental setups of the bias extension test
- Experimental results of the bias extension
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
Biaxial tensile properties of reinforcements in composites
V Carvelli, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
- Introduction
- Experimental analysis
- Analytical model
- Numerical modelling
- Conclusions
- References
Transverse compression properties of composite reinforcements
P A Kelly, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
- Introduction
- Transverse compression of composite reinforcements
- Inelastic response of fibrous materials
- Inelastic models of reinforcement compression
- Future trends
- References
Bending properties of reinforcements in composites
E de Bilbao, Institut Universitaire de Technologie d'Orléans, France
- Context
- Improved cantilever test
- Results and discussion
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- References
Friction properties of reinforcements in composites
J L Gorczyca, K A Fetfatsidis and J A Sherwood, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA
- Introduction
- Theory
- Testing methodologies (static and dynamic friction coefficients)
- Experimental data
- Modeling of thermostamping
- Conclusion
- References
Permeability properties of reinforcements in composites
V Michaud, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
- Introduction
- The permeability tensor
- Saturated permeability modelling for fibre preforms
- Unsaturated permeability modelling
- Permeability measurement methods
- Conclusion and future trends
- References
PART 4: CHARACTERISING AND MODELLING REINFORCEMENTS IN COMPOSITES
Microscopic approaches for understanding the mechanical behaviour of reinforcements in composites
D Durville, Ecole Centrale Paris/ CNRS UMR 8579, France
- Introduction
- Interests and goals of the approach at microscopic scale
- Modeling approach to textile composites at microscopic scale
- Application examples
- Conclusions
- References
Mesoscopic approaches for understanding the mechanical behaviour of reinforcements in composites
E Vidal-Sallé, INSA Lyon and G Hivet, Polytech Orléans, France
- Introduction
- Mechanical behaviour of the reinforcement
- Mechanical behaviour of the yarn
- Geometric modeling
- Behaviour identification and finite element modelling
- Finite element simulations, use and results
- Conclusions and future trends
- References
Continuous models for analysing the mechanical behaviour of reinforcements in composites
X Q Peng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China and J Cao, Northwestern University, USA
- Introduction
- Continuum mechanics based non-orthogonal model
- Non-orthogonal constitutive model for woven fabrics
- Specific application for a plain weave composite fabric
- Validation of the non-orthogonal model
- General fiber reinforced hyperelastic model
- Specific fiber reinforced hyperelastic model for woven composite fabrics
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgement
- References
X-ray tomography analysis of the mechanical behaviour of reinforcements in composites
P Badel, Ecole des Mines de Saint-Etienne and E. Maire, Université de Lyon, CNRS, France
- Introduction
- X-ray tomography of composite reinforcements
- Analyses of the structure of a textile reinforcement
- Application of the mechanical behaviour of woven reinforcements to finite element simulations
- Conclusion
- References
Flow modeling in composite reinforcements
E Ruiz and F Trochu, École Polytechnique de l'Université de Montréal, Canada
- Introduction
- Governing flow equations
- Analytical solution
- Numerical solution
- Application examples
- Conclusions
- References
Modelling short fibre polymer reinforcements for composites
P Laure, Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, L Silva and M Vincent, Mines ParisTech, France
- Introduction
- Observations
- Models
- Computation of fibre orientation in injection moulding
- Conclusions
- References
Modelling composite reinforcement forming processes
P Boisse and N Hamila, Université de Lyon, France
- Introduction
- A mesoscopic approach
- Continuous approaches
- The semi-discrete approach
- Discussion and conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- References
Philippe Boisse is Professor at Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) Lyon France. He is the President of the European Association for Material Forming (ESAFORM) and Vice-President of the French Association for Composite Materials (AMAC).
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