Handbook of Agricultural Entomology
John Wiley and Sons Ltd, February 2013, Pages: 334
Handbook of Agricultural Entomology by Helmut van Emden is a landmark publication for students and practitioners of entomology applied to agriculture and horticulture. It can be used as a reference and as a general textbook.
The book opens with a general introduction to entomology and includes coverage of the major insects (and mites) that cause harm to crops, livestock and humans. The important beneficial species are also included. Organisms are described in a classification of insect Orders and Families. The emphasis is on morphological characters of major taxonomic divisions, “spot characters” for the recognition of Families, and the life histories, damage symptoms and economic importance of the various pest species.
The book is beautifully illustrated in full colour with more than 400 figures showing both the organisms and the damage caused to plants with diagnostic characters indicated by arrows. Coverage is world-wide and includes much material stemming from the vast personal experience of the author.
A companion website with additional resources is available at company website
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Preface
Acknowledgements
1 The world of insects
1.1 The diversity of insects
1.2 The impact of insects on us
1.3 The impact we have on insects
1.3.1 World distribution
1.3.2 Climate change
1.3.3 Land management practices
1.4 Exploitation of insects
1.5 Other uses humans make of insects
1.6 Insect classification
2 External features of insects – structure and function
2.1 Introduction
2.2 The exoskeleton
2.3 The basic body plan of the insect
2.4 The head
2.4.1 Sense organs
2.4.1.1 Antennae
2.4.1.2 Ocelli
2.4.1.3 Compound eyes
2.4.2 Basic structure of the mouthparts
2.4.2.1 Mandibles
2.4.2.2 Maxillae
2.4.2.3 Labium
2.5 The thorax
2.5.1 Thoracic sclerites
2.5.2 Legs
2.5.3 Wings
2.5.4 Spiracles
2.6 The abdomen
2.6.1 Abdominal sclerites
2.6.2 Appendages
2.6.3 Genitalia
2.6.4 Spiracles
3 The major divisions of the Insecta
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Class Insecta, Subclass Apterygota or Phylum Arthropoda, Class Entognatha
3.3 Subclass Pterygota
3.3.1 Division Exopterygota
3.3.1.1 Palaeopteran Orders (example: dragonflies)
3.3.1.2 Orthopteroid Orders (example: grasshoppers)
3.3.1.3 Hemipteroid Orders (example: plant bugs)
3.3.2 Division Endopterygota
4 Subclass Apterygota
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Order Diplura (two-pronged bristle-tails)
4.3 Order Protura
4.4 Order Thysanura (silverfi sh)
4.5 Order Collembola (springtails)
4.5.1 Suborder Arthropleona
4.5.2 Suborder Symphypleona
5 Subclass Pterygota, Division Exopterygota, Palaeopteran Orders
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Order Ephemeroptera (mayflies)
5.3 Order Odonata (dragonflies)
5.3.1 Suborder Zygoptera (damselflies)
5.3.2 Suborder Anisoptera (dragonflies)
6 Subclass Pterygota, Division Exopterygota, Orthopteroid Orders
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Order Plecoptera (stoneflies)
6.3 Order Grylloblattodea
6.4 Order Mantophasmatodea (gladiators or heelwalkers)
6.5 Order Zoraptera (angel insects)
6.6 Order Orthoptera (grasshoppers and crickets)
6.6.1 Suborder Ensifera
6.6.1.1 Superfamily Tettigonioidea (long-horned grasshoppers) – the main Family is the Tettigoniidae
6.6.1.2 Superfamily Grylloidea (crickets) – the main Family is the Gryllidae
6.6.2 Suborder Caelifera
6.6.2.1 Superfamily Acridoidea (short-horned grasshoppers) – the main Family is the Acrididae
6.7 Order Phasmida (stick and leaf insects)
6.8 Order Dermaptera (earwigs)
6.9 Order Embioptera (web spinners)
6.10 Order Dictyoptera (cockroaches and mantids)
6.10.1 Suborder Blattaria (cockroaches)
6.10.2 Suborder Mantodea (mantids)
6.11 Order Isoptera (termites)
6.11.1 Family Kalotermitidae (dry-wood termites)
6.11.2 Family Hodotermitidae
6.11.3 Family Rhinotermitidae (wet-wood termites)
6.11.4 Family Termitidae (mound-building termites)
7 Subclass Pterygota, Division Exopterygota, Hemipteroid Orders
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Order Psocoptera (booklice)
7.3 Order Mallophaga (biting lice)
7.4 Order Anoplura (= Siphunculata) (sucking lice)
7.5 Order Hemiptera (true bugs)
7.5.1 Suborder Heteroptera (land and water bugs)
7.5.1.1 Series Cryptocerata (water bugs)
Water boatmen (Families Notonectidae and Corixidae)
Water scorpions and allies (Family Nepidae)
7.5.1.2 Series Gymnocerata
Pond skaters (Families Gerridae and Veliidae)
Family Miridae (mirids or capsids)
Family Lygaeidae (chinch bugs)
Superfamily Pentatomoidea (shield bugs)
Family Pentatomidae (stink bugs)
Family Acanthosomatidae
Family Scutelleridae
Family Coreidae
Family Pyrrhocoridae
Family Tingidae (lace bugs)
Family Anthocoridae (flower bugs)
Family Cimicidae (bed bugs)
Family Nabidae (damsel bugs)
Family Reduviidae (assassin bugs)
7.5.2 Suborder Auchenorryncha (hoppers)
7.5.2.1 Superfamily Fulgoroidea
Family Fulgoridae (lantern flies)
Family Delphacidae (planthoppers)
7.5.2.2 Superfamily Cicadelloidea
Family Membracidae (treehoppers)
Family Cicadellidae (leafhoppers)
7.5.2.3 Superfamily Cicadoidea (Family Cicadidae –cicadas)
7.5.2.4 Superfamily Cercopoidea (Family Cercopidae – froghoppers)
7.5.3 Suborder Sternorryncha (plant lice)
7.5.3.1 Superfamily Psylloidea (Family Psyllidae – suckers or jumping plant lice)
7.5.3.2 Superfamily Aphidoidea (aphids)
Family Lachnidae
Family Aphididae (aphids, greenfly, blackfly)
Family Phylloxeridae
7.5.3.3 Superfamily Aleyrodoidea (whiteflies) – Family Aleyrodidae
7.5.3.4 Superfamily Coccoidea (scale insects and mealybugs)
Family Pseudococcidae (mealybugs)
Family Margarodidae (cushion scales)
Family Kerridae
Family Asterolecaniidae
Family Coccidae (soft scales)
Family Diaspididae (armoured scales)
7.6 Order Thysanoptera (thrips or thunderflies)
7.6.1 Suborder Terebrantia
7.6.1.1 Family Thripidae
7.6.1.2 Family Aeolothripidae
7.6.2 Suborder Tubulifera
7.6.2.1 Family Phlaeothripidae
8 Subclass Pterygota, Division Endopterygota, Lesser Orders
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Order Mecoptera (scorpion flies)
8.3 Order Siphonaptera (fleas)
8.4 Order Neuroptera
8.4.1 Suborder Megaloptera
8.4.1.1 Family Corydalidae
8.4.1.2 Family Sialidae (alder flies)
8.4.1.3 Family Raphidiidae (snake flies)
8.4.2 Suborder Planipennia
8.4.2.1 Superfamily Coniopterygoidea
Family Coniopterygidae
8.4.2.2 Superfamily Osmyloidea
Family Osmylidae
8.4.2.3 Superfamily Mantispoidea
Family Sisyridae
Family Mantispidae (mantis flies)
8.4.2.4 Superfamily Hemeroboidea (lacewings)
Family Hemerobiidae (brown lacewings)
Family Chrysopidae (green lacewings)
8.4.2.5 Superfamily Myrmeleontoidea (ant lions)
8.5 Order Trichoptera (caddis flies)
8.6 Order Strepsiptera (stylops)
9 Subclass Pterygota, Division Endopterygota, Order Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths)
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Suborder Glossata
9.2.1 Infraorder Exoporia
9.2.1.1 Superfamily Hepialoidea
Family Hepialidae (swift moths)
9.2.2 Infraorder Heteroneura – Division Monotrysia
9.2.2.1 Superfamily Nepticuloidea
Family Nepticulidae
9.2.2.2 Superfamily Incurvarioidea
Family Incurvariidae
9.2.3 Infraorder Heteroneura – Division Ditrysia
9.2.3.1 Superfamily Tineoidea
Family Gracillariidae
9.2.3.2 Superfamily Gelechioidea
Family Oecophoridae
Family Gelechiidae
Family Coleophoridae (casebearer moths)
9.2.3.3 Superfamily Yponomeutoidea
Family Plutellidae
Family Yponomeutidae
9.2.3.4 Superfamily Pyraloidea
Family Pyralidae
9.2.3.5 Superfamily Sesioidea
Family Sesiidae (clearwings)
9.2.3.6 Superfamily Cossoidea
Family Cossidae
9.2.3.7 Superfamily Tortricoidea
Family Tortricidae
9.2.3.8 Superfamily Geometroidea
Family Geometridae
9.2.3.9 Superfamily Papilionoidea (butterflies)
Family Hesperiidae (skippers)
Family Papilionidae (swallowtails)
Family Pieridae (whites)
Family Lycaenidae (blues)
Family Nymphalidae
9.2.3.10 Superfamily Bombycoidea
Family Bombycidae
Family Lasiocampidae
9.2.3.11 Superfamily Sphingoidea
Family Sphingidae (hawk moths)
9.2.3.12 Superfamily Noctuoidea
Family Lymantriidae
Family Arctiidae
Family Noctuidae (owlet moths)
10 Subclass Pterygota, Division Endopterygota, Order Diptera (true flies)
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Suborder Nematocera
10.2.1 Family Tipulidae (crane flies)
10.2.2 Family Psychodidae
10.2.3 Family Cecidomyiidae (gall midges)
10.2.4 Family Culicidae (mosquitoes)
10.2.5 Family Chironomidae (non-biting midges)
10.2.6 Family Ceratopogonidae (biting midges)
10.2.7 Family Simuliidae (black flies)
10.2.8 Family Sciaridae (mushroom flies, dark-winged fungus gnats)
10.2.9 Family Mycetophilidae (fungus gnats)
10.2.10 Family Bibionidae
10.3 Suborder Brachycera
10.3.1 Family Tabanidae (horse flies)
10.3.2 Family Stratiomyidae (soldier flies)
10.3.3 Family Asilidae (robber flies)
10.3.4 Family Empididae (assassin flies)
10.4 Suborder Cyclorrhapha
10.4.1 Series Aschiza
10.4.1.1 Family Syrphidae (hover flies)
10.4.2 Series Schizophora
10.4.2.1 Division Acalyptrata
Family Psilidae
Family Sepsidae (semaphore flies)
Family Ephydridae (shore flies)
Family Chloropidae
Family Opomyzidae
Family Agromyzidae
Family Diopsidae (stalk-eyed flies)
Family Tephritidae (or Trypetidae) (fruit flies)
10.4.2.2 Division Calyptrata
Family Scathophagidae (or Cordiluridae)
Family Anthomyiidae
Family Muscidae
Family Calliphoridae (bluebottles and greenbottles)
Family Sarcophagidae (flesh flies)
Family Tachinidae
Family Glossinidae (tsetse flies)
Family Oestridae
10.4.2.3 Division Pupipara (louse flies, keds)
Family Hippoboscidae
11 Subclass Pterygota, Division Endopterygota, Order Hymenoptera (sawflies, ants, bees and wasps)
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Suborder Symphyta (sawflies)
11.2.1 Family Siricidae (wood wasps)
11.2.2 Family Cephidae
11.2.3 Family Tenthredinidae
11.2.4 Family Diprionidae
11.3 Suborder Apocrita (ants, bees, wasps and parasitic wasps)
11.3.1 The social Hymenoptera and their allies
11.3.1.1 Superfamily Apoidea
Family Andrenidae
Family Megachilidae (leaf-cutter and mason bees)
Family Apidae
Family Sphecidae (digger wasps)
11.3.1.2 Superfamily Vespoidea (wasps)
Family Vespidae
Family Mutillidae (velvet ants)
Family Pompilidae (spider-hunting wasps)
Family Scoliidae
Family Tiphiidae
Family Formicidae (ants)
11.3.1.3 Superfamily Chrysidoidea
11.3.2 Other Superfamilies
11.3.2.1 Superfamily Ichneumonoidea
Family Ichneumonidae
Family Braconidae
11.3.2.2 Superfamily Chalcidoidea
Family Agaonidae (fig wasps)
Family Aphelinidae
Family Chalcidae
Family Pteromalidae
Family Torymidae
Family Encyrtidae
Family Trichogrammatidae
Family Mymaridae (fairy flies)
Family Tanaostigmatidae
11.3.2.3 Superfamily Proctotrupoidea
11.3.2.4 Superfamily Evanioidea
Family Evaniidae
Family Gasteruptiidae
11.3.2.5 Superfamily Cynipoidea
Family Charipidae
Family Cynipidae (gall wasps)
12 Subclass Pterygota, Division Endopterygota, Order Coleoptera (beetles)
12.1 Introduction
12.1.1 Adult morphology
12.1.2 Larvae and pupae
12.2 Suborder Adephaga
12.2.1 Family Gyrinidae (whirligig beetles)
12.2.2 Families Haliplidae and Hygrobiidae
12.2.3 Family Dytiscidae
12.2.4 Family Cicindelidae (tiger beetles)
12.2.5 Family Carabidae (ground beetles)
12.3 Suborder Polyphaga
12.3.1 Superfamily Staphylinoidea
12.3.1.1 Family Staphylinidae (rove beetles)
12.3.1.2 Family Silphidae (burying, sexton or carrion beetles)
12.3.1.3 Family Pselaphidae
12.3.1.4 Family Ptiliidae
12.3.2 Superfamily Hydrophiloidea – Family Hydrophilidae
12.3.3 Superfamily Histeroidea – Family Histeridae
12.3.4 Superfamily Scarabaeoidea
12.3.4.1 Family Lucanidae (stag beetles)
12.3.4.2 Family Geotrupidae (dung beetles)
12.3.4.3 Family Scarabaeidae
12.3.5 Superfamily Buprestoidea – Family Buprestidae
12.3.6 Superfamily Elateroidea – Family Elateridae
12.3.7 Superfamily Cantharoidea
12.3.7.1 Family Cantharidae (soldier beetles)
12.3.7.2 Family Lampyridae (glow-worms)
12.3.8 Superfamily Dermestoidea
12.3.9 Superfamily Bostrychoidea
12.3.9.1 Family Lyctidae (powder-post beetles)
12.3.9.2 Family Bostrychidae
12.3.9.3 Family Anobiidae
12.3.9.4 Family Ptinidae (spider beetles)
12.3.10 Superfamily Cleroidea
12.3.10.1 Family Cleridae
12.3.10.2 Family Trogossitidae
12.3.10.3 Family Melyridae
12.3.11 Superfamily Cucujoidea
12.3.11.1 Series Heteromera
Family Anthicidae
Family Meloidae (oil beetles, blister beetles)
Family Ripiphoridae (previously
Rhipiphoridae)
Family Alleculidae
Family Oedemeridae
Family Pyrochroidae
Family Tenebrionidae (darkling beetles)
12.3.11.2 Series Clavicornia
Family Byturidae
Family Coccinellidae (ladybirds or ladybeetles (USA))
Family Cryptophagidae (fungus beetles)
Family Cucujidae
Family Lathridiidae
Family Mycetophagidae
Family Nitidulidae
12.3.12 Superfamily Chrysomeloidea
12.3.12.1 Family Cerambycidae (longhorn beetles)
12.3.12.2 Family Chrysomelidae (leafbeetles)
Subfamily Bruchinae (seed beetles)
Subfamily Alticinae (previously Halticinae)
Subfamily Chrysomelinae
Subfamily Criocerinae
Subfamily Galerucinae
Subfamily Hispinae
Subfamily Cassidinae
Subfamily Clytrinae
12.3.13 Superfamily Curculionoidea
12.3.13.1 Family Curculionidae
Subfamily Scolytinae (bark beetles)
Subfamily Platypodinae
Subfamily Apioninae (seed weevils)
Other Subfamilies (true weevils)
Subfamily Entiminae
Subfamily Curculioninae
Subfamily Rhynchophorinae
Subfamily Ceutorhynchinae
Subfamily Hyperinae
13 Class Arachnida
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Subclass Araneida (spiders)
13.2.1 Family Araneidae
13.2.2 Family Lycosidae
13.3 Subclass Acarina (mites and ticks)
13.3.1 Order Mesostigmata
13.3.1.1 Family Phytoseiidae
13.3.1.2 Family Varroidae
13.3.2 Order Ixodida (ticks)
13.3.2.1 Family Ixodidae (hard ticks)
13.3.2.2 Family Argasidae (soft ticks)
13.3.3 Order Prostigmata
13.3.3.1 Family Tetranychidae (spider mites)
13.3.3.2 Family Tenuipalpidae (false spider mites)
13.3.3.3 Family Tarsonemidae
13.3.3.4 Family Eriophyidae (‘gall mites’, but there are also free-living species)
13.3.4 Order Astigmata
13.3.4.1 Family Acaridae
13.3.4.2 Family Sarcoptidae
13.3.5 Order Cryptostigmata (beetle mites)
Bibliography
Index
“Written by one of the world's leading entomologists, Handbook of Agricultural Entomology is a landmark publication for students and practitioners of entomology applied to agriculture and horticulture. It can be used as a reference and as a general textbook.” (Phys.org, 18 March 2013)
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