Contents:

Emerging Drug Discovery Technologies Executive Summary Introduction Lab-on-a-chip/microfluidics Nanotechnology RNA interference Chapter 1 Introduction Summary Overview A historical overview of the drug discovery process Drug discovery in the 1950s and 1960s Drug discovery in the 1980s Drug discovery today Emerging drug discovery technologies Lab-on-a-chip/microfluidic technologies Nanotechnology RNA interference Report objectives Chapter 2 Lab-on-a-chip/microfluidics Summary Introduction LOC technologies LOC design issues Microarrays Spotted microarrays In situ fabricated arrays DNA applications Protein applications The LabChip Lab-on-a-CD Chip-based electrospray system for mass spectroscopy HPLC-on-a-chip Microfluidic PCR Multiplexed capillary electrophoresis Market drivers and restraints Market drivers HTS Reduction of human error Reduced exposure to hazardous materials Reduction in sample requirement and routine tasks Cost savings Market restraints Reduction in demand Reluctance to replace old systems with new technologies Market analysis Competitive structure Market share Aclara BioSciences Advion BioSciences, Inc. Agilent Technologies BioMicro Systems BioTrove Inc. Caliper Life Sciences Cepheid CombiMatrix Corp. Eksigent Technologies Epigem Limited Fluidigm Corp. Gyros AB Nanogen Nanostream Inc. Protiveris Sequenom Zyomyx Future developments Chapter 3 Nanotechnology Summary Introduction Nanotechnologies Applications Drug discovery and drug delivery Biosensing Other applications Public opinion Funding Market Nano-enabled drug discovery tools Atomic force microscopy Nano-mass spectroscopy Dip-pen nanolithography Nanoarrays Nanoparticles for drug discovery Quantum dots and gold nanoparticles Nanoshells Nanobarcode particles Nano-enabled drugs Abraxane RenaZorb Antimicrobial emulsions Antioxidants and fullerenes Industry challenges 1 High demands of drug discovery applications Long-term stability of nanomaterials Technical issues in nano-assembly and molecular manufacturing Barriers to collaborations Lack of test standardization Scalability Pharmaceutical companies reluctant to invest in nanotechnology Funding for nanotechnology Market drivers and restraints Market drivers Technological drivers Increased funding Social and economic factors Market restraints Uncertainty Public awareness Environmental concerns Detection of incurable diseases Large expectations Market analysis Competitive structure Market share 3DM Inc. Alnis Biosciences Inc. American Pharmaceuticals Partners Inc. BioCrystal Ltd. BioForce NanoSciences Inc. CrystalPlex Corp. C Sixty Inc. Evident Technologies, Inc. NanBio Corp. Nanosphere PharmaSeq, Inc Quantum Dot Corp. Future developments Chapter 4 RNA interference (RNAi) Summary Introduction Gene silencing Methods for gene silencing Aptamers Ribozymes Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) and PNA-DNA chimeras Antisense oligonucleotides RNA interference (RNAi) RNAi mechanism RNAi approaches siRNA ddRNAi MicroRNAs (miRNAs) Short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) Delivery methods Delivery using chemical transfections Delivery using electroporation Delivery using expression vectors Delivery using cell-penetrating peptides In vivo delivery of siRNAs Industry challenges Intellectual property issues Off-target effects Delivery of siRNA in vitro and in vivo Toxicity issues from RNAi Pricing issues Efficacy of RNAi Standardization of technologies Proof of therapeutic potential Market drivers and restraints Market drivers Demand for accelerated drug discovery Resolution of intellectual property issues Robust, efficient and potent technology Functional genomics and proteomics studies Vector-based and siRNA price decline Reliability Market restraints Expensive RNAi reagents Delivery of siRNA Failure of antisense drugs Lack of robust clinical data Selection and design of appropriate siRNA Toxicity and off-target effects Market analysis Revenue forecasts Trends by geographic region North America Europe Japan Rest of the World Competitive structure Market share analysis Ambion Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Benitec Ltd CytRx Corp. Cenix BioScience Devgen Dharmacon, Inc. Eurogentec (EGT) Imgenex Corp. Immusol Inc. Invitrogen Corp. InvivoGen MWG Biotech Proligo Promega Qiagen. Sirna Therapeutics Future developments Chapter 5 Appendix Research methodology and information sources Primary research methodology Secondary research methodology Market sizing Forecasting Index Abbreviations and acronyms List of Figures Figure 1.1: Drug development process during the 1950s and 1960s Figure 1.2: Drug development process during the 1980s Figure 1.3: Drug development process today Figure 2.1: The Gyros Bioaffy lab-on-a-CD Figure 2.2: Advion BioSciences' ESI Chip Figure 2.3: HPLC-on-a-chip Figure 2.4: Cepheid's GeneXpert cartridges for PCR analysis Figure 2.5: Market drivers and restraints for LOC/microfluidics devices in drug discovery Figure 2.6: Microfluidics/LOC revenue forecasts, 2005-2012 Figure 2.7: Microfluidics/lab-on-a-chip market shares, 2004 Figure 3.1: Expression of cells using QDots Figure 3.2: Binding of Nanosphere's nanoparticle probe to a selected genetic or proteomic target Figure 3.3: Nano-enabled drug discovery industry challenges Figure 3.4: Market drivers and restraints for nano-enabled drug discovery Figure 3.5: Nano-enabled drug discovery revenue forecasts, 2004-2012 Figure 3.6: Nanoenabled drug discovery market shares, 2004 Figure 4.7: RNAi pathways Figure 4.8: Industry challenges faced by RNAi industry participants Figure 4.9: Market drivers and restraints for RNAi technology Figure 4.10: RNAi revenue forecasts and growth rates, 2004-2012 Figure 4.11: RNAi revenues by geographic region, 2004 Figure 4.12 RNAi market shares, 2004 List of Tables Table 2.1: Microfluidics/LOC revenue forecasts, 2005-2012 Table 3.2: Nano-enabled drug discovery revenue forecasts, 2004-2012 Table 4.3: RNAi revenue forecasts, 2004-2012 Table 5.4: Abbreviations and acronyms, A-L Table 5.5: Abbreviations and acronyms, M-Z

Summary:

The last decade has been marked by an unprecedented boom in the number and variety of technologies used to discover and develop new drugs; many of these technologies arose from work surrounding the human genome project. For example, gene sequencing, gene expression profiling and genotyping have greatly benefited from technological advances, resulting in dramatically higher throughputs and rapid declines in cost. For some other areas it has proven to be more of a challenge to achieve performance improvements of the same magnitude. Defining the function of each gene, or more specifically, the protein it encodes, has been particularly challenging. It is not yet possible to study gene function with the type of "massively parallel" approaches used in other fields.

Companies Mentioned

- Aclara BioSciences - Advion BioSciences, Inc. - Agilent Technologies - BioMicro Systems - BioTrove Inc. - Caliper Life Sciences - Cepheid - CombiMatrix Corp. - Eksigent Technologies - Epigem Limited - Fluidigm Corp. - Gyros AB - Nanogen - Nanostream Inc. - Protiveris - Sequenom - Zyomyx - 3DM Inc. - Alnis Biosciences Inc. - American Pharmaceuticals Partners Inc. - BioCrystal Ltd. - BioForce NanoSciences Inc. - CrystalPlex Corp. - C Sixty Inc. - Evident Technologies, Inc. - NanBio Corp. - Nanosphere - PharmaSeq, Inc - Quantum Dot Corp. - Ambion - Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. - Benitec Ltd - CytRx Corp. - Cenix BioScience - Devgen - Dharmacon, Inc. - Eurogentec (EGT) - Imgenex Corp. - Immusol Inc. - Invitrogen Corp. - InvivoGen - MWG Biotech - Proligo - Promega - Qiagen. - Sirna Therapeutics