Hydrogen Markets 2006: Existing and Emerging Applications

Visant Strategies, Inc, April 2006, Pages: 332

This is a 300-page study of the current status of the hydrogen and hydrogen generation industries and includes a detailed review of whether or not there is to be success found from expansion into energy storage and transportation. The traditional hydrogen markets of petroleum refining, unconventional oil refining, semiconductor fabrication, annealing stainless steel and annealing ferrous metals are looked at in detail, are as the use of hydrogen through the decade for galvanizing and brazing operations, for sintering, within the float glass industry and for hydrogenation.

The study lists the reasons why the hydrogen industry may not be able to create the lower hydrogen prices needed to become predominant in the emerging energy storage and transportation markets and also discusses in detail how these chasms may be crossed successfully. Today hydrogen prices, determined by both the method of generation and the feedstock, are acceptable for industrial uses but unacceptable for energy applications and are currently rising rather than falling. Producing hydrogen at a reduced cost is the greatest challenge facing the industry today.

The report also details the move to fuel cells for transportation and the intricacies of building a hydrogen world, including the need for a new and more reliable storage and distribution system and also details what would be needed to move to a hydrogen internal combustion engine. Projections of stationary fuel cell use for energy applications and the growth in that sector in the coming years is detailed, as is the amount of hydrogen to be used for automotive applications through 2010.

Also examined are the annual unit sales and the corresponding yearly sales revenues of electrolysers, large stream reformers and small reformer sales through 2010. Annual production through 2010 for Methanol, ammonia and hydrogen are also given and discussed extensively.

Questions Addressed

- What are expected usage trends of hydrogen in existing industrial applications?
- Can hydrogen become a staple in the transportation industry?
- Are hydrogen internal combustion engines viable?
- What are expected usage trends of hydrogen in petroleum refining?
- What impact will fuel cells have upon hydrogen demand?
- How will hydrogen be used in stationary energy applications?
- What demand will traditional hydrogen generation equipment experience?
- What will be the impact of new hydrogen generation techniques?

Quantifies

- Hydrogen use in key industrial applications
- Hydrogen for internal combustion engines
- Electrolyser unit sales and value
- Large reformer unit sales and value
- Small reformer unit sales and value
- Hydrogen in stationary applications
- Hydrogen use in transportation (auto and total)

Study Topics

- Industrial applications
- Hydrogen generation
- Auto applications
- Fuel Cells

Methodology

This study is the result of primary and secondary research. Analysts gather information via interviews with marketing and engineering executives, corporate reports, databases, and other secondary sources. Evaluations are made based on the current performance of various components of a particular technology, including need, market potential, technology evolution, maturation, price points, and the companies and resources being put towards the development or deployment.

Section One

Executive Summary
1.1 A Pattern Seen Before – Much Hype
1.2 The Hydrogen Industry Overview
1.2.1 Production and Distribution
1.2.2 Transportation and Small Scale Power Production
1.2.3 Nuclear Energy: The Last Technology of the Future
1.3 Conceptualizing the Hydrogen Economy:
1.3.1 Enabling Developments and Synergies Needed
1.4 The Thrust of this Report
1.4.1 Evaluation of Hydrogen Generation and Markets for
Hydrogen Through 2015
1.4.2 Discussion of Economic and Technological Perspectives of Hydrogen Generation Through the next Decade

Section Two

The Landscape of the Hydrogen Industry
2.1 Overview
2.2 Merchant Hydrogen vs. Hydrogen Generation Equipment
2.3 Merchant Hydrogen
2.3.1 Merchant Hydrogen Leaders
2.4 Hydrogen Production
2.4.1 Feedstocks, Coal, Naptha and Biomass
2.4.2 Hydrogen from Steam Reforming
2.4.3 Hydrogen from Coal
2.4.4 Coal and Methanol
2.4.5 Electrolysers and Hydrogen Production
2.4.6 Electrolyser Hydrogen Production Volumes and Costs
2.4.7 Electrolytic Hydrogen from Renewable Energy Sources
2.5 Unconventional Hydrogen Generation
2.5.1 Hydrogen on Demand
2.5.2 Chemical Feedstocks
2.5.3 Thermal Chemical
2.5.4 Concentrating Solar
2.6 Technologies and Markets

Section Three

Hydrogen Markets Today
Petroleum Refining and Other Fuels
3.1 An Existing Market and a Future Opportunity
3.2 Overall Size of the Hydrogen Market
3.3 Petroleum Refining
3.4 Conclusions
3.5 The Uses of Hydrogen in Refining
3.6 Hydro-Cracking Growth
3.7 The Immediate Future of Oil and what it portends for Hydrogen Producers
3.8 Factors Depressing Demand for Hydrogen within the Petroleum Industry
3.8.1 Peak Oil
3.8.1.1 No New Super Giant Fields
3.8.1.2 Why a Hiatus between Peaks
3.8.1.3 Future Supply and Demand
3.8.1.4 Improved Extraction Techniques for Declining Oil Fields:
3.8.2 Our Projections for Oil Production over the Course of the Next Five Years
3.9 Effects of the Peak - Hydrogen Used in Petroleum Refining
3.10 The Impact of Biofuels on Hydrogen Production
3.10.1 Liquid Biofuels
3.10.2 Biodiesels
3.10.3 Overall Biofuel Production
3.11 Factors Conducing to an Increase in Demand for Hydrogen within the Petroleum
Industry
3.11.1 Do Unconventional Fossil Fuel Resources Represent Opportunity?
3.11.2 Heavy Oil
3.11.3 Tar Sand Resources
3.11.4 Oil Shale
3.11.5 Projections for Unconventional Oil Production
3.11.6 Who Wins?
3.12 Syngas and Synfuel: An Alternative Scenario for Hydrogen Producers
3.12.1 Use of Coal
3.12.2 Synfuel Factors for Success
3.13 Impact of Distillate Fuels
3.14 How Environmental Concerns Work to the Advantage of Hydrogen Producers
3.15 Overall Impact of Alternative Fuels on Hydrogen Production
3.15.1 Hirsch Findings
3.16 Producing Hydrogen for Refineries – the Fossil Fuel Conundrum
3.16.1 Rising Demand and Prices for Natural Gas
3.16.2 Non-Natural Gas Gasification Techniques
3.16.3 The Problem of Refining Capacity
3.17 Projections for Hydrogen Generation for Oil Refining

Section Four

Hydrogen Markets Today
Ammonia Production, Methanol, Metal Processing, Float Glass and Others
4.1 Ammonia Production
4.1.1 The Size of the Ammonia Industry
4.1.2 Ammonia Production Methods and Influence
on Hydrogen Producers
4.1.3 The Ammonia Manufacturing Process and Participants
4.1.4 The Future of Hydrogen Feedstocks for Ammonia Production
4.1.5 How Future Markets for Ammonia Impact the Hydrogen Industry
4.1.5.1 Fertilizer Growth
4.1.6 Current Hydrogen Usage in the Ammonia Industry
4.2 Methanol
4.2.1 Methanol Products
4.2.2 Emerging Methanol Applications
4.2.2.1 Methanol and Hydrogen on Demand
4.2.2.2 Methanol Reformers
4.3 Hydrogen Use in Metal Processing
4.3.1 Annealing of Metals
4.3.1.1 Use of Hydrogen in the Annealing of Ferrous Metals
4.3.1.2 Annealing of Nonferrous Metals
4.3.2 Brazing
4.3.3 Galvanizing
4.3.4 Sintering
4.3.4.1 Powdered Metal Growth
4.3.5 Welding
4.3.6 Opportunities in the Metal Heat Treating Industries
4.4 Float Glass
4.4.1 Hydrogen in the Float Glass Industry
4.4.2 Opportunities
4.5 Hydrogenated Oils
4.6 Semiconductor Manufacturing
4.7 Other Markets

Section Five

Emerging Market for Hydrogen: Transportation
5.1 Hydrogen for Transportation
5.2 Fuel Cells for Transportation
5.3 Hydrogen for Transportation, Conclusions
5.4 The Real Extent of the Fuel Cell Market Today
5.5 Hydrogen Usage in Transportation Today and Tomorrow
5.6 The Why and How of Hydrogen in Transportation
5.6.1 The Why
5.6.2 The Climate Change Argument and Its Implications
5.6.3 Fossil Fuel Scarcity
5.6.3.1 Methane Hydrates
5.7 Industry Initiatives –Much Ado About Nothing?
5.8 The Automotive Industry and the Hydrogen Economy
5.8.1 The Fuel Cell Hoopla
5.8.2 Plug In Hybrids
5.8.3 Battery Technology
5.9 The Oil Companies and Hydrogen
5.10 Toward Widespread Use of Hydrogen Powered Vehicles
5.10.1 Power Plants
5.10.2 Fuel Cells, Alone and in Context
5.11 The State of the Art and What It Means for Transportation
5.11.1 Polymer Electrolyte Membrane
5.11.2 PEM Limitations Today
5.11.2.1 Complex
5.11.2.2 Cost
5.11.2.3 Hydration Solved
5.11.2.4 Heat Management and Diffusion
5.11.2.5 Sensitivity to Some Contaminants and Corrosion
5.11.2.6 Overall Bulk
5.11.2.7 Expense of Hydrogen Storage
5.11.2.8 Principal Hydrogen Storage Techniques
5.12 Feasible Forecasting in Regard to Fuel Cells
5.12.1 Technology Development and Technology Failures
5.12.2 Further Projections for Hydrogen Usage in Fuel Cell Vehicles
5.13 Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines
5.13.1 Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine Chasms
5.13.2 Hydrogen Hybrid Fuel Injection
5.13.3 Hythane
5.13.4 Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine Prospects
5.13.5 Projections for Hydrogen Usage in Internal Combustion Engines
5.14 Hydrogen Generation and Distribution for Transportation
5.14.1 Chicken and the Egg
5.14.2 Distributed Generation vs. Centralized Generation
5.14.3 Limited Choice of Generation Models in Distributed Models
5.14.4 Generation by Means of Electrolysis
5.14.5 Renewables Globally
5.14.6 On Board Hydrogen on Demand Generation
5.14.6.1 The Collier Reformer
5.15 Hydrogen Fuel for Other Modes of Transport
5.15.1 Importance of Other Modes of Transport in Terms of Energy Consumption
5.15.2 Rail transport
5.15.3 Heavy Equipment:
5.15.4 Mine Locomotives and Loaders
5.15.5 Two-wheeled vehicles
5.15.6 Watercraft
5.15.7 Aircraft
5.15.7.1 How Airlines Cope with Rising Fuel Prices
5.16 The Overall Competitive Environment for Hydrogen Powered Vehicles
5.16.1 Hybrid Electric Vehicles
5.16.2 Plug-in Hybrids
5.16.3 New types of Heat Engines
5.16.3.1 Design Diversity in Novel Heat Engines
5.16.4 Internal Combustion Engines Powered by Unconventional Fossil Fuels
5.16.6 Internal Combustion Engines Powered by Biofuels
5.16.6.1 Biofuels are Here Today
5.16.7 Vehicles Using Improved Batteries or Other Electrical Storage Technologies
5.16.8 Radically Different Models of Transportation from Those Prevailing at Present
5.17 Summarizing the Future of Hydrogen in Transportation Systems

Section Six

Stationary and Portable Energy Generation Using Hydrogen
6.1 Hydrogen beyond Transportation
6.2 Stationary Fuel Cells—General Issues
6.3 Initial Markets
6.3.1 Backup Power for Cellular Base Stations:
6.3.1.1 Cellular Success is not Ensured due to Competing Technologies
6.3.2 Remote Power
6.3.3 Premium Power
6.3.4 Financial Industry Data Centers
6.3.5 Utility Scale Electrical Generation
6.3.6 Auxiliary Power for Large Commercial and Recreational Vehicles
6.3.7 Hydrogen Powered Heat engines for Stationary Generation
6.3.8 Military and Naval Applications
6.3.9 Robotic Drones for Surveillance and Remote Combat Operations
6.3.10 Widespread Adoption of Directed Energy Weapons
6.3.11 Naval Submarines
6.3.12 Auxiliary Power on Naval Ships
6.3.13 Mainstream Propulsion Applications in the Armed Forces
6.3.14 Field Radios and Battlefield Computers
6.3.15 Industrial Robots
6.3.16 Power for Personal and Portable Electronics
6.3.16.1 Rival Technologies for Personal Power
6.4 Summary of Opportunities for Hydrogen in Stationary and Portable Power
6.5 Hydrogen Usage in Stationary Power Applications

Section Seven

Producers of Merchant Hydrogen for Industry Use
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Merchant Hydrogen
7.3 Economics of Merchant Hydrogen
7.4 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
7.5 Praxair, Inc.
7.6 Air Liquide
7.7 The BOC Group
7.8 Linde Gas

Section Eight

Hydrogen Generation – Technologies and Manufacturers
Steam Reforming, Partial Oxidation, and Autothermal Reforming
8.1 Overview
8.2 Steam Reforming, Partial Oxidation, and Autothermal Reforming
8.3 A Description of the Processes
8.3.1 Steam reforming
8.3.2 Partial oxidation
8.3.3 Autothermal reforming
8.4 Economics of Steam Reforming
8.5 Steam Reforming of Syngas from Coal, Methanol, or Biological Sources
8.6 Reforming of Liquid Hydrocarbons
8.7 Drawbacks and Limitations of Steam Reforming
8.8 Carbon Sequestration and Disposal Issues
8.9 Manufacturers of Large Scale Centralized Reforming Facilities
8.10 Competitive Context
8.11 Projected Sales for Large Scale Reformers
8.12 Manufacturer Rankings and Profiles (Large Scale Reformers)
8.12.1 Air Liquide
8.12.2 Aker Kvaerner
8.12.3 Axsia Howmar
8.12.4 Caloric
8.12.5 CB&I Howe-Baker
8.12.6 Foster Wheeler
8.12.7 Haldor Topso
8.12.8 Husky Energy
8.12.9 KBR
8.12.10 Lurgi AG
8.12.11 Mahler Advanced Gas Systems
8.12.12 Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha, Ltd.
8.12.13 Pan American Enterprises, Inc.
8.12.14 Sacre-Davey Innovations
8.12.15 Technip
8.12.16 The BOC Group
8.12.17 Toyo Engineering Corporation
8.12.18 Uhde High Pressure Technologies
8.12.19 UOP LLC
8.13 Small Reformers
8.13.1 Small Reformers for Transportation
8.13.2 Sales Projections for Small Reformers
8.14 Small Reformer Producer Profiles
8.14.1 Aspen Products Group, Inc.
8.14.2 Collier Technologies, Inc.
8.14.3 Ener1
8.14.4 H2Gen
8.14.5 Hydrocore
8.14.6 HyGear
8.14.7 HyRadix
8.14.8 IdaTech
8.14.9 InnovaTek
8.14.10 Intelligent Energy
8.14.11 Nuvera
8.14.12 Osaka Gas
8.14.13 The Heatric Division of Meggitt, PLC
8.14.14 UltraCell
8.14.15 UTC Power
8.14.16 ZTEK

Section Nine

Hydrogen Generation – Electrolysers
9.1 Limited Role
9.2 The Business Case for Electrolysers
9.3 Electrolyser Market Projections
9.4 Profiles and Rankings
9.4.1 Avalence LLC
9.4.2 Hamilton Sundstrand
9.4.3 Hydrogenics Corporation
9.4.4 Idroenergy
9.4.5 ITM Power, Ltd.
9.4.6 Norsk Hydro Electrolysers
9.4.7 Proton Energy Systems
9.4.8 Teledyne Technologies
9.5 Other Electrolyser Manufacturers
9.5.1 AccaGen
9.5.2 Ammonia Casale
9.5.3 Ceramatec
9.5.4 Claind
9.5.5 Gardner Watts Ltd.
9.5.6 Grupo De Nora
9.5.7 H3Energy
9.5.8 Hydrogen Technology Applications, Inc.
9.5.9 ILT Piel
9.5.10 Parker Balston
9.5.11 SiGen
9.5.12 Southwest Electrolyser

Section Ten

Other Techniques for Hydrogen Generation
10.1 Beyond Steam Reforming, Partial Oxidation, and Water Electrolysis
10.2 Overview of Unconventional Technologies
10.2.1 Biomass Reforming
10.2.2 Production of Hydrogen from the Activities of Biological Organisms
10.2.3 Hydrogen Solar
10.2.4 Solazyme, Incorporated
10.3 Thermal Chemical Hydrogen Splitting
10.3.1 Sulfur thermal chemical cycles
10.3.2 Calcium bromine cycle:
10.3.3 Other thermal cycles
10.3.4 Nuclear Thermal Chemical Splitting
10.3.5 General Atomics
10.3.6 Solar Thermal Chemical Generation
10.3.7 SHEC Labs
10.3.8 Solar Energy Limited
10.3.9 Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd & HelioTech A/S
10.3.10 H-Ion Solar, Incorporated
10.4 Novell Hydrocarbon Reforming Technologies
10.4.1 Syngas International Corporation
10.4.2 Alchemix Corporation
10.4.3 Clean Energy Systems, Incorporated
10.4.4 Virent Energy Systems, Incorporated
10.4.5 MRT
10.4.6 StarTech Environmental Corporation
10.4.7 PowerNova
10.5 Unclassifiable
10.5.1 Genesis World Energy
10.5.2 Alternate Energy Corporation
10.5.3 Xogen Power, Incorporated
10.5.4 NuElement, Incorporated
10.5.5 Hydrogain Technologies
10.6 Hydrogen-on-demand Systems
10.6.1 Millennium Cell
10.6.2 Hydrogen Power, Inc.
10.6.3 Safe Hydrogen LLC
10.6.4 Engineuity Research and Development, Ltd.
10.6.5 Trulite Inc.
10.6.6 Powerball Technologies LLC
10.7 Experimental Processes Awaiting Commercialization
10.7.1 Direct photo catalytic splitting of water
10.7.2 Biomimetic processes
10.7.3 Direct water cracking
10.7.4 Direct methane cracking
10.8 Hydrogen Generation Component and Subassembly Manufacturers
10.8.1 HTC Hydrogen Technologies Corporation
10.8.2 Hy9 Corporation
10.8.3 Johnson Matthey PLC
10.8.4 Power+Energy
10.8.5 Precision Combustion, Incorporated
10.8.6 QuestAir Technologies, Inc.
10.8.7 REB Research and Consulting
10.8.8 Stewart Warner South Wind Corporation
10.8.9 Wellman CJB, Limited
10.9 Summary and Conclusions

Section Eleven

The Renewable Energy Sources Grid
11.1 The Reality Is
11.2 The Notion of Hydricity
11.3 Contemplating a Transition
11.4 How a Renewable Electrical Grid Would Differ from a Fossil Fuel Grid – How the Differences Affect a Hydrogen Economy
11.4.1 The Legacy Grid
11.4.2 Electrical Generation
11.4.3 Wind Power, Challenger or Challenged?
11.4.4 Stabilizing a Renewable Grid
11.5 The Place of Other Energy Sources in the Renewable Grid
11.5.1 Hydroelectric
11.5.2 Solar Energy
11.5.3 Photovoltaic devices
11.5.4 Concentrating Solar
11.5.5 Biofuel
11.5.6 Geothermal
11.5.7 Ocean Power
11.5.8 Fusion
11.6 The Renewable Grid and Transportation
11.7 Financing the Hydrogen Economy
11.8 The Government’s Role – Past and Present
11.9 No Big Hydrogen?

Section Twelve

The Iceland Experiment
12.1 About the Experiment
12.2 The Iceland Roadmap from Fifty Thousand Feet
12.3 What It Would Mean if it Could Be Done
12.4 The Mother of All Pilots

CHARTS AND FIGURES

Chart 1: Annual Consumption of Hydrogen, 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 2: Annual use of Hydrogen, 2011-2016, World Market
Chart 3: Volume of Global Oil Discoveries per Decade 1930 – 1990, World Market
Chart 4: Global Oil Production, 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 5: Annual use of Hydrogen for Unconventional Oil Refining 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 6: Annual use of Hydrogen for Petroleum Refining, 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 7: Annual Production of Ammonia, 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 8: Annual use of Pure Hydrogen in Ammonia Production 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 9: Annual Production of Methanol, 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 10: Consumption of Pure Hydrogen within the Methanol Industry 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 11: Annual use of Hydrogen for Annealing Ferrous Metals 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 12: Annual use of Hydrogen for Annealing Stainless Steel 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 13: Annual use of Hydrogen for Brazing Operations, 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 14: Annual use of Hydrogen for Galvanizing, 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 15: Annual use of Hydrogen for Sintering, 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 16: Annual use of Hydrogen for the Float Glass Industry 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 17: Annual use of Hydrogen for Hydrogenation, 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 18: Annual use of Hydrogen for Semiconductor Fabrication 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 19: Annual use of hydrogen in Terrestrial Transportation, Best Case 2011-2016, World Market
Chart 20: Annual use of hydrogen in Terrestrial Transportation, Worst Case 2011-2016, World Market
Chart 21: Use of Hydrogen in ICE Vehicles, 2007-2011, World Market
Chart 22: Annual use of Hydrogen in ICE Vehicles, 2011-2016, World Market
Chart 23: Percentage of Petroleum Fuels Dedicated to Various Forms of Transportation 2005
Chart 24: Use of Hydrogen in Automotive Transportation, 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 25: Use of Hydrogen in Stationary Fuel Cells, 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 26: Large Steam Reformer Annual Unit Sales, 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 27: Large Steam Reformer Annual Unit Sales Revenues 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 28: Small Reformer Annual Unit Sales, 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 29: Small Reformer Annual Unit Sales Revenue, 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 30: Electrolyser Annual Unit Sales, 2005-2010, World Market
Chart 31: Electrolyser Annual Unit Sales Revenues, 2005-2010, World Market

Energy and transportation applications will contribute to the doubling of hydrogen use over the next five years but obstacles remain to a green hydrogen economy, according to “World Hydrogen Generation 2006: Established and Emerging Markets”.

“Producing hydrogen at a reduced cost is the greatest challenge facing the hydrogen industry today,” said study author Dan Sweeney. “Hydrogen prices are acceptable today for industrial uses but must decline greatly if we are to realize the hydrogen economy many are touting. A successful foray into energy and transportation uses is going to take a lot of effort, change and funds,” said Sweeney.

Some of these changes, according to the report, include new methods for the distribution and production of hydrogen for fuel cell and hydrogen internal combustion engine use as well as the industrial retooling of the auto industry and other industries within the hydrogen economy.

“There is also still much competition expected as well from other technologies in development or in nascent use such as advanced batteries and new energy sources, including renewable energy sources,” Sweeney said.

While the move to energy and transportation applications will help contribute to the doubling of hydrogen use to 40 million metric tons globally in 2010, according to the report, it is the industrial users that will drive this expansion.

Hydrogen use in petroleum refining, unconventional oil refining, semiconductor fabrication and annealing stainless steel and ferrous metals will grow through 2015, according to the study. Other traditional hydrogen markets such as galvanizing and brazing operations, sintering, use in the float glass industry and hydrogenation will also continue to utilize more hydrogen as the decade progresses.

The report also examines annual sales and revenues of electrolysers, large stream reformers and small reformers along with annual production levels of Methanol, ammonia and hydrogen through 2010.

Hydrogen fuel cell use for stationary, transportation and mobile applications are examined along with alternative fuels. Also detailed is the plausibility of renewable energy sources taking foothold and how hydrogen will be used in this scenario.

- AccaGen
- Air Liquide
- Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
- Aker Kvaerner
- Alchemix Corporation
- Alternate Energy Corporation
- Ammonia Casale
- Aspen Products Group, Inc.
- Avalence LLC
- Axsia Howmar
- Caloric
- CB&I Howe-Baker
- Ceramatec
- Claind
- Clean Energy Systems, Incorporated
- Collier Technologies, Inc.
- Ener1
- Engineuity Research and Development, Ltd.
- Foster Wheeler
- Gardner Watts Ltd.
- Genesis World Energy
- Grupo De Nora
- H2Gen
- H3Energy
- Haldor Topso
- Hamilton Sundstrand
- H-Ion Solar, Incorporated
- HTC Hydrogen Technologies Corporation
- Husky Energy
- Hy9 Corporation
- Hydrocore
- Hydrogain Technologies
- Hydrogen Power, Inc.
- Hydrogen Technology Applications, Inc.
- Hydrogenics Corporation
- HyGear
- HyRadix
- IdaTech
- Idroenergy
- ILT Piel
- InnovaTek
- Intelligent Energy
- ITM Power, Ltd.
- Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd & HelioTech A/S
- KBR
- Linde Gas
- Lurgi AG
- Mahler Advanced Gas Systems
- Millennium Cell
- Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha, Ltd.
- MRT
- Norsk Hydro Electrolysers
- Novell Hydrocarbon Reforming Technologies
- NuElement, Incorporated
- Nuvera
- Osaka Gas
- Pan American Enterprises, Inc.
- Parker Balston
- Power+Energy
- Powerball Technologies LLC
- PowerNova
- Praxair, Inc.
- Precision Combustion, Incorporated
- Proton Energy Systems
- QuestAir Technologies, Inc.
- REB Research and Consulting
- Sacre-Davey Innovations
- Safe Hydrogen LLC
- SiGen
- Southwest Electrolyser
- StarTech Environmental Corporation
- Stewart Warner South Wind Corporation
- Syngas International Corporation
- Technip
- Teledyne Technologies
- The BOC Group
- The Heatric Division of Meggitt, PLC
- Toyo Engineering Corporation
- Trulite Inc.
- Uhde High Pressure Technologies
- UOP LLC
- UTC Power
- Virent Energy Systems, Incorporated
- Wellman CJB, Limited
- Xogen Power, Incorporated
- ZTEK
-UltraCell

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