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High Performance Alloys - Global Strategic Business Report

Global Industry Analysts, Inc, October 2012, Pages: 699

This report analyzes the worldwide markets for High Performance Alloys in Metric Tons by the following Product Segments: Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, & Zirconium), Refractory Metal Alloys (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, & Tantalum), Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, & Iridium), and Special Alloys & Superalloys. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa, and Latin America. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for the period 2010 through 2018. A six-year historic analysis is also provided for these markets.

The report profiles 236 companies including many key and niche players such as Advanced Metallurgical Group N.V., KB Alloys LLC, African Rainbow Minerals Limited, Alcoa Inc., Alcoa Howmet Castings, Allegheny Technologies Incorporated, ATI Allvac Incorporated, Areva Group, BASF Catalysts LLC, Carpenter Technology Corporation, Group of Companies Precious Metals Of Urals, Eramet Group, Haynes Internationa, Inc., H.C. Starck GmbH, High Performance Alloys, Inc., Luxfer Group, Magnesium Elektron Incorporated, Olin Brass Corporation, MAGONTEC Limited, Precision Castparts Corp., Special Metals Corporation, Rio Tinto Alcan, Rolled Alloys Inc., United Company RUSAL Plc, ThyssenKrupp VDM GmbH, Titanium Metals Corporation, W.C. Heraeus GmbH & Co KG, and Xstrata Alloys.

Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are primarily based upon search engine sources in the public domain.

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HIGH PERFORMANCE ALLOYS

A GLOBAL STRATEGIC BUSINESS REPORT

CONTENTS

I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS
Study Reliability and Reporting Limitations I-1
Disclaimers I-2
Data Interpretation & Reporting Level I-2
Quantitative Techniques & Analytics I-3
Product Definitions and Scope of Study I-3
Non-Ferrous Alloys I-4
Refractory Metal Alloys I-4
Platinum Group Metals (PGM) I-4
Special Alloys & Superalloys I-4

II. Executive Summary

1. INDUSTRY OVERVIEW II-1
A Primer II-1
Nonferrous Alloys: Largest High Performance Alloy Segment II-1
Impact of the 2007-2009 Economic Recession In Retrospect II-2
Impact of Europe's Debt Crisis: A Review II-2
Current State of the Euro Crisis II-2
Implications for the Market II-3
Improving Production Techniques II-3
Quest for Enhanced Performance and Durability II-3
Developments Galore II-3
Development of HPA for Gas Turbine Optimizes Mechanical
Properties II-4
Noteworthy Trends, Growth Drivers & Issues II-4
Escalating Demand from Domestic and Leisure Applications II-4
Growing Need for Corrosion Resistant Alloys II-4
Surging Demand for Lightweight Alloys in Domestic Appliances
& Transportation Sector II-5
Growing Interest in Metal Alloy Substitutes II-5
Metal Honeycomb Catalyst Support Grows Popular II-6
Industry Issues II-6
Recycling - An Industry Norm II-6
Global Economy Issues II-6
Changing Face of Power Generation II-6
Deregulation Ploughs in the Potential II-6
Pursuit for a Cleaner Globe II-7
IP and Patent Issues II-7
Regulatory Issues II-7
Production Technology & Efficiency Improvements II-7
High Industry Standards II-8
Suppliers Have the Upper Hand II-8
Distribution II-8
User Guidelines II-8

2. REVIEW OF PRODUCT MARKETS II-9
Non-Ferrous Alloy Metals II-9
Aluminum II-9
US and Western European Aluminum Smelters Scurry to Invest
in Low Cost Regions II-9
Key Statistics II-10
Table 1: Global Alumina Market (2011): Percentage Market
Share Breakdown of Leading Alumina Refining Companies
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-10

Table 2: Global Rolled Aluminum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Volume Sales by Region (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-11

Table 3: Global Aluminum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Consumption by Region/Country (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-11

Table 4: Global Aluminum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Volume Production by Country (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-11
Magnesium II-12
Table 5: Major Magnesium Sources and Concentrations
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-12
Regulatory Forces Drive Demand for Magnesium based Alloys in
the Automotive Market II-13
Cheaper Chinese and CIS Imports Wreak Havoc on Western
Magnesium Producers II-13
Recycling Trend II-13
Improvement in Secondary Magnesium Market II-13
Magnesium Prices Likely to Spiral II-13
Sustained, Healthy Growth to Continue II-14
Titanium II-14
Table 6: Global Titanium Market (2011): Percentage Breakdown
of Volume Consumption by End-Use Sector (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-15
Magnesium and Titanium II-15
Zirconium II-15
General & Chemical Properties II-15
Zirconium Dioxide Use to Grow by a Satisfactory Margin II-16
Refractory Metals Alloy Metals II-16
Molybdenum II-17
Market Overview II-17
Molybdenum Use Rising in Unconventional Applications II-18
Table 7: Global Molybdenum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Consumption by Product Markets (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-18

Table 8: Global Molybdenum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Consumption by End-User Industries (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-19

Table 9: Global Molybdenum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Total Molybdenum Availability by Source
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-19
Tungsten II-19
Table 10: Global Tungsten Concentrate Market (2011):
Percentage Breakdown of Production Volume by Country
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-20
Niobium (or) Columbium II-20
Tantalum II-20
Global Tantalum Demand to Increase in Near Future II-20
Mine Production - Global Review II-21
Platinum Group Metals II-21
PGM - Increasing Levels of Oversupply II-22
Platinum - A Special Focus II-22
Table 11: Global Platinum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Volume Consumption by End-Use Sector (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-22

Table 12: Global Platinum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Volume Production by Region/Country (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-23

Table 13: Global Palladium Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Consumption by End-Use Sector (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-23

Table 14: Global Palladium Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Production By Region/Country (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-23

Table 15: Global Palladium Market (2011): Percentage Market
Share Breakdown by Leading Players (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-24

Table 16: Global Rhodium Market (2011): Percentage Breakdown
of Volume Consumption by End-User Sectors (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-24

Table 17: Global Rhodium Market (2011): Percentage Breakdown
of Volume Production by Region/Country (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-24
Super alloys II-25
Super alloys and Special Alloys - Production Perspective II-25
Niobium in Various Hues in the Super alloys Industry II-26
Nickel - Production Scenario II-26
Other Statistical Findings II-26
Table 18: Global Zircon Market (2011): Percentage Breakdown
of Volume Sales by End-Use Sector (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-26

3. PRODUCT OVERVIEW II-27
Definition of High Performance Alloy II-27
Standard Alloy vis-à-vis High Performance Alloy II-27
Properties of High Performance Alloys II-27
The Performer in High Temperature and Pressure II-27
High Temperature Resistance II-27
Low Density and High Strength Properties II-28
Table 19: Select Properties of High Performance Metals II-28
Types of High Performance Alloys II-28
Non-Ferrous Alloys II-29
Aluminum II-29
Aluminum Alloys - Properties II-29
Magnesium II-30
Common Elements Used in Magnesium Alloys II-31
Key Magnesium Alloys II-31
Table 20: Physical and Chemical Properties of Magnesium
Casing Material by Alloy Type - AM60 and AZ91 II-32

Table 21: Global Rare Earth Minerals Market (2011):
Percentage Breakdown of Consumption by End-User Sectors
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-32
Titanium II-33
Zirconium II-33
Properties of Zirconium II-34
Zirconium Alloys II-34
Hydrogen Content II-34
Zirconium Tungstate II-34
PSZ Ceramic Material II-34
ZAG Compounds II-34
Refractory Metals II-35
Molybdenum II-35
Tungsten II-35
Major Tungsten Intermediate Products II-36
Ammonium Paratungstate (APT) II-36
Ferrotungsten II-36
Tungsten Metal Powder II-36
Tungsten Carbide (WC) II-36
Alloys of Tungsten II-36
Columbium (or Niobium) II-37
Tantalum II-38
Chemical and Physical Properties of the Metal II-38
Distinct Properties of Tantalum II-39
Corrosion Resistance II-39
Good Thermal Conductivity II-39
Superior Dielectric Properties II-39
Toughness, Durability and, Ductility II-39
High Melting Point II-39
Alloys of Tantalum II-39
Chromium II-39
Platinum Group Metals II-40
Table 22: Select Alloys in the PGM Category with Properties
and Application II-40
Current and Emerging Applications II-40
Platinum II-41
Properties of Platinum II-41
Characteristics of Platinum II-41
Palladium II-42
Rhodium II-42
Ruthenium II-42
Iridium II-42
Osmium II-42
Special Alloys & Super Alloys II-42
Super Alloy Types II-43
Nickel-based Alloys II-43
Nickel II-43
Nickel & Nickel Alloys - Properties & Applications II-44
Table 23: Physical and Chemical Properties of Nickel II-44
Types & Uses of Nickel Alloys II-44
Nickel and Nickel Based Alloys and Super alloys in Greater
Detail II-45
Cobalt-based Alloys II-48
Table 24: Global Cobalt Market (2011): Percentage Breakdown
of Production Volume by Country (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-48
Iron-based Alloys II-48

4. END-USE APPLICATION ANALYSIS II-49
High Performance Alloys - Application Chart for Non-Ferrous
Alloys, Refractory Metal Alloys, PGM, and Super alloys II-49
An Overview of End-Use Application Areas II-50
Transportation Applications II-50
Aerospace Industry II-51
Aircraft Industry II-51
Shipbuilding Industry II-51
Passenger Vehicles II-52
Industrial Applications II-52
Chemical Processing Industry II-52
Glass Making Industry II-52
Other Industrial Applications II-53
Power Generation & Supply II-53
Nuclear Power Generation Industry II-53
Medical Applications II-53
Domestic and Leisure Applications II-54
Military Applications II-54
Application Trends By Alloy Type II-55
Non-Ferrous Alloys II-55
Application Chart for Non-Ferrous Alloys - Aluminum,
Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium II-55
Technological Improvements Bring in New Applications II-57
Use of Aluminum as Remelt Increases at Higher Rates II-57
Aluminum Casting Alloys II-57
Magnesium Containing Aluminum Alloys Used in Three
Principal Industries II-58
Magnesium Alloys in for Greater Usage II-58
Titanium Sees Potential in Aircraft and Leisure Uses II-58
Titanium & Titanium Alloys - Not Restricted to Aerospace
Any More II-58
Zirconium Consumption II-59
Commercialization of SOFC and Nanotechnology to Boost
Zirconium Demand II-59
Applications of Tantalum in Alloys II-59
Table 25: World Tantalum Market by End-Use Segment (2011):
Percentage Breakdown of Volume Consumption for Electronics,
Mill Products, Metal Cutting, Super Alloys and Chemicals
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-59
Electronic and Other Uses of Tantalum II-60
Tantalum Demand Tied to the Fate of Electronics and
Aerospace Industries II-60
Other Applications of Tantalum Rekindle Potential II-60
Tantalum - A Basic Component in Polycrystalline Alloys II-60
Tantalum is a Vital Component in Nickel Based Super alloys II-60
Alloy Additive II-61
Niobium-based Alloys II-61
Table 26: World Columbium (Niobium) Market (2011):
Percentage Share Breakdown by End Use Application - Carbon
Steels, Super alloys, High Strength Low Alloy Steel,
Stainless and Heat Resisting Steel, Alloy Steels, and
Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-61
Niobium Nibbles at The Tantalum Market II-62
Platinum Group Metals II-62
Applications Chart of Platinum Group Metals II-62
Automotive Industry Drives Platinum Demand II-63
Catalytic Converters Fuels Platinum Consumption II-63
Platinum Dazzling in Jewelry Sector II-63
Platinum in Fuel Cells II-63
High Cost of Platinum Seen Delaying Fuel-Cell Use II-63
Soaring Prices Dwindle Demand for Palladium II-64
Demand for Ruthenium in Automotive Industry II-64
Demand for Ruthenium Plunges II-64
Table 27: World Ruthenium Market by Application Area
(2011): Percentage Share Breakdown of Volume Consumption
for Electronics, Electrochemical, Chemicals, and Others
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-64
Iridium Witnesses Demand Slide II-65
Table 28: World Iridium Market by Application Area (2011):
Percentage Share Breakdown of Volume Consumption for
Electronics, Electrochemical, Chemicals, and Others
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-65
Super alloys and Specialty Alloys II-65
Application Chart for Super alloys (Cobalt-based, Iron-
based, and Nickel-based) II-65
Across the Board Demand Growth for Super alloys II-66
Power Sector Spurs Potential for Highly Alloyed Cast Nickel
-Based Super alloys II-67

5. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS/ INTRODUCTIONS II-68
ECS Launches Super Alloy Chokes II-68
Haynes International Develops HAYNES® 244™ Alloy II-68
Carpenter Technology Introduces TEMPER TOUGH Alloy II-68

6. PRODUCT LAUNCHES/INNOVATIONS IN THE RECENT PAST- A PERSPECTIVE
BUILDER II-69
Allegheny Technologies to Introduce ATI 425® Titanium Alloy II-69
H.C.Starck Unveils Corrosion Resistant Tantalum Alloy II-69

7. RECENT INDUSTRY ACTIVITY II-70
IBC Inks Exclusive Supply Agreement II-70
Aleris Takes Over Cast House of Voerde Aluminum II-70
Oxford Alloys Asia Pacific Announces Opening of New Unit in
Singapore II-70
Treadstone Sells Controlling Stake in Advanced Joining
Technologies II-70
Harsco Inks Environmental Solutions Contract with Metkore
Alloys & Industries II-71
Nikkei MC Aluminium Enters Joint Venture with Century Metal
Recycling II-71
Alcoa Inks a Supply Agreement with Airbus II-71
Indian Metals & Ferro Alloys to Build a Density Aggregates Plant II-71
Kobe Steel Inks a Technology Agreement with Sapa II-71
Magontec Enters into Equity JV with Dongfang Resources II-72
UMG, BAIC and JAMG Enter Into a JV Agreement II-72
China Power Investment and Alcoa to Launch Alcoa CPI (China)
Aluminum Investment II-73
Reliance Steel Acquires National Specialty Alloys II-73
ThyssenKrupp Merges Stainless Steel Unit with Outokumpu II-73
Chongging West Aluminum to Set Up Magnesium- Alloy Project in
Nanchuan II-74
ThyssenKrupp and Julich Research Center Jointly Develop Crofer
22 H II-74
Powdermet Forms Joint Venture with Oshkosh, Eck and University
of Wisconsin for Aluminum Alloys II-74
Liquidmetal Expands Collaboration with Materion Brush II-75
MIT Engineers Design Nano-crystalline Tungsten- Titanium Alloys II-75
Taiyuan Iron & Steel and CAS Yangzhou Center Collaborate for
Magnesium Products II-76
Boston Scientific Launches PROMUS Element™ Platinum Chromium
Stent System in Japanese Market II-76
Jilin Jien Nickel Industry to Acquire Goldbrook Ventures II-76
Kennametal to Acquire Deloro Stellite Group II-77
EEJA to Begin Supply of PALLADEX PC200 Palladium-Cobalt Alloy
Plating Solution II-77
Embraer and Alcoa Enter into Technology Sharing Deal II-77
AML to Take Over Varomet Holdings II-78
Platte River Ventures Acquires Sierra Alloys II-78
Garb Oil & Power Enters into Joint Venture II-78
Xiamen Tungsten to Enter into Joint Venture with China
Minmetals Non-ferrous Metals II-79
Alcoa Ink MoU with VSMPO-AVISMA II-79
H.C. Starck to Enter into Joint Venture with Jiangxi Rare
Metals Tungsten Holding Group II-79
H.C. Starck Group Ink Agreement with CIF Mineracao II-79
Cabot to Divest Supermetals Division to Global Advanced Metals II-80
Carpenter Technology Takes Over Oilfield Alloys II-80
Carpenter Technology to Acquire Latrobe Specialty Metals II-80
Allegheny Technologies Acquires Ladish II-80
Kaymin Resources Acquires Stake in Joint Venture from Anglo
Platinum II-81
AMG Advanced Metallurgical Group Acquires KB Alloys II-81
Monomoy Capital Partners Sells SRC to Stelaris Capital and
Buckingham Capital II-81
Aleris to Establish Specialized Casting Unit II-81
Bechtel Mining & Metals Continues as Lead Consultant for Twin
Metals Project of Twin Metals Minnesota II-82
Shandong Innovation Group Enters into Agreement with Holingol
and Tongliao City Governments II-82

8. CORPORATE ACTIVITY IN THE RECENT PAST - A PERSPECTIVE BUILDER II-83
United Co. RUSAL to Acquire Interest in Shenzhen North Investment II-83
Beck Aluminum Acquires Assets of Met-Al II-83
Universal Stainless & Alloy Products and VSMPO Enter into
Agreement II-83
Aleris International and China Zhenjiang Dingsheng Aluminum
Enter into Agreement II-83
IBC Advanced Alloys and Swissmetal Industries Ink MoU II-83
Daiki Aluminium Industry to Enter Into Joint Venture with O.M.
Mfg. Philippines II-84
Carpenter Technology Extends Dynamet Titanium Unit II-84
Rio Tinto Alcan to Expand Lightweight Aluminum- Lithium Alloy
Production II-84
Rio Tinto Alcan Inks Contracts with Bombardier and Airbus SAS II-84
IBC Agrees to Acquire Beralcast II-85
Allegheny Technologies Signs Two Multi-Year Supply Deals II-85
Tantaline's Tantalum Surface Alloy Material Receives Approval
of FDA II-86
KB Alloys Expands Kentucky Facility II-86
NFC Signs Zirconium Supply Deals with GE Companies II-86
Allegheny Technologies Inks Long-Term Deal with Rolls-Royce II-87
Alcoa Agrees to Acquire Intellectual Property of Noble II-87
ERAMET Acquires 56% Stake in Tinfos II-87
Chinese Metals Corporations Seek Cooperation in Titanium
Production with Ukrainian Counterparts II-87

9. FOCUS ON SELECT GLOBAL PLAYERS II-89
Advanced Metallurgical Group N.V. (The Netherlands) II-89
KB Alloys LLC (USA) II-89
African Rainbow Minerals Limited (South Africa) II-89
Alcoa Inc (USA) II-89
Alcoa Howmet Castings (US) II-90
Allegheny Technologies Incorporated (US) II-90
ATI Allvac Incorporated (US) II-90
Areva Group (France) II-91
BASF Catalysts LLC (US) II-91
Carpenter Technology Corporation (US) II-91
Group of Companies Precious Metals Of Urals (Russia) II-91
Eramet Group (France) II-92
Haynes International Inc (US) II-92
H.C. Starck GmbH (Germany) II-92
High Performance Alloys Inc (US) II-92
Luxfer Group (US) II-93
Magnesium Elektron Incorporated (UK) II-93
Olin Brass Corporation (US) II-93
MAGONTEC Limited (Australia) II-94
Precision Castparts Corp.(US) II-94
Special Metals Corporation (US) II-94
Rio Tinto Alcan (Canada) II-94
Rolled Alloys Inc (US) II-95
United Company RUSAL Plc (Russia) II-95
ThyssenKrupp VDM GmbH (Germany) II-95
Titanium Metals Corporation (TIMET) (US) II-96
W.C. Heraeus GmbH & Co KG (Germany) II-96
Xstrata Alloys (Switzerland) II-96

10. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE II-97
Table 29: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
High Performance Alloys by Geographic Region - US, Canada,
Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East &
Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-97

Table 30: World Historic Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-98

Table 31: World 15-Year Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume
Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding
Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American Markets for
Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-99
High Performance Alloys Market by Product Group/Segment II-100
Table 32: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Non-Ferrous Alloys by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa,
and Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-100

Table 33: World Historic Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys by
Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and Latin American
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-101

Table 34: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Non-Ferrous Alloys by Product Segment - Aluminum, Magnesium,
Titanium, and Zirconium Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-102

Table 35: World Historic Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys by
Product Segment - Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-103

Table 36: World 15-Year Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys by
Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
Middle East & Africa and Latin American Markets for Years
2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-104

Table 37: World 15-Year Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys by
Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium Markets for Years
2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-105

Table 38: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-106

Table 39: World Historic Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Aluminum) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-107

Table 40: World 15-Year Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Aluminum) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-108

Table 41: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Magnesium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-109

Table 42: World Historic Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Magnesium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-110

Table 43: World 15-Year Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Magnesium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-111

Table 44: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Titanium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-112

Table 45: World Historic Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Titanium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-113

Table 46: World 15-Year Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Titanium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-114

Table 47: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Zirconium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-115

Table 48: World Historic Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Zirconium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-116

Table 49: World 15-Year Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Zirconium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-117

Table 50: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Refractory Metals by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa,
and Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-118

Table 51: World Historic Perspective for Refractory Metals by
Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and Latin American
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-119

Table 52: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Refractory Metals by Product Segment - Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-120

Table 53: World Historic Perspective for Refractory Metals by
Product Segment - Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and
Tantalum Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-121

Table 54: World 15-Year Perspective for Refractory Metals by
Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
Middle East & Africa and Latin American Markets for Years
2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-122

Table 55: World 15-Year Perspective for Refractory Metals by
Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum Markets for
Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-123

Table 56: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-124

Table 57: World Historic Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Molybdenum) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-125

Table 58: World 15-Year Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Molybdenum) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia- Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-126

Table 59: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Refractory Metals (Tungsten) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-127

Table 60: World Historic Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Tungsten) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-128

Table 61: World 15-Year Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Tungsten) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-129

Table 62: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Refractory Metals (Columbium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-130

Table 63: World Historic Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Columbium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-131

Table 64: World 15-Year Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Columbium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-132

Table 65: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Refractory Metals (Tantalum) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-133

Table 66: World Historic Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Tantalum) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-134

Table 67: World 15-Year Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Tantalum) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-135

Table 68: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Platinum Group Metals by Geographic Region - US, Canada,
Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East &
Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-136

Table 69: World Historic Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and Latin American
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-137

Table 70: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Platinum Group Metals by Product Segment - Platinum,
Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric
Tons for Years 2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-138

Table 71: World Historic Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
by Product Segment - Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium,
and Iridium Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-139

Table 72: World 15-Year Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales
for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
Middle East & Africa and Latin American Markets for Years
2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-140

Table 73: World 15-Year Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium Markets
for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-141

Table 74: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-142

Table 75: World Historic Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Platinum) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-143

Table 76: World 15-Year Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Platinum) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-144

Table 77: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Platinum Group Metals (Palladium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-145

Table 78: World Historic Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Palladium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-146

Table 79: World 15-Year Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Palladium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-147

Table 80: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Platinum Group Metals (Rhodium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-148

Table 81: World Historic Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Rhodium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-149

Table 82: World 15-Year Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Rhodium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-150

Table 83: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Platinum Group Metals (Ruthenium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-151

Table 84: World Historic Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Ruthenium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-152

Table 85: World 15-Year Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Ruthenium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-153

Table 86: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Platinum Group Metals (Iridium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-154

Table 87: World Historic Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Iridium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-155

Table 88: World 15-Year Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Iridium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-156

Table 89: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Special Alloys & Super Alloys by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-157

Table 90: World Historic Perspective for Special Alloys &
Super Alloys by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-158

Table 91: World 15-Year Perspective for Special Alloys & Super
Alloys by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume
Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding
Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American Markets for
Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-159

III. MARKET

1. THE UNITED STATES III-1
A.Market Analysis III-1
Outlook III-1
Industry Trends III-1
Columbium Uses in the US III-1
Molybdenum Production & Consumption Trends III-1
Defense and Commercial Aircraft: A Lucrative End-User of
High Performance Alloys III-1
Demand for Titanium and Nickel Alloys Tied to Aerospace and
Power Sectors III-2
High-Performance Titanium and Nickel Alloys Activities Move
Overseas III-2
Super Alloys Demand Susceptible to Turbulences in End-User
Industries III-2
Maintains Consistent Growth Amidst Challenges III-3
Non-Aerospace Uses Expand III-3
Connector Industry Springs Potential for High Performance
Alloys III-3
End Use Application Markets III-4
Aluminum III-4
From Alumina to Automobiles III-4
Targeted Markets III-4
Transportation III-4
Packaging III-4
Construction Industry III-4
Titanium Alloys - End Use Trends III-4
Magnesium Alloys III-5
Automakers Look Anew at Magnesium Alloys III-5
Base Market Scan III-5
Aluminum III-5
Energy III-5
Environment and Climate Change III-5
Recycling III-5
Technology III-6
Table 92: US Aluminum Market by End-Use Industry for
2011: Percentage Breakdown for Transportation, Containers
& Packaging, Construction, Consumer Durables, Machinery &
Equipment, Electrical and Others (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-6

Table 93: US Titanium Consumption (2011): Breakdown by
End-Use Segments - Commercial Aerospace, Military
Aerospace, Industrial and Consumer (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-6

Table 94: US Molybdenum Market (2011): Percentage Share
Breakdown by End Use Application - Machinery, Electrical,
Transportation, Chemicals, Oil and Gas and Others
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-7

Table 95: North American Palladium Market by Application
Segment (2011): Percentage Share Breakdown of Volume
Consumption for Autocatalyst, Electrical/ Electronics,
Dental, Chemical, Jewelry, and Others (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-7

Table 96: US Nickel Market by End-Use Industry (2011):
Percentage Breakdown of Consumption for
Electrical/Electronic Equipment, Transport,
Construction/Building, Household Goods, and Other
Equipment (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-7
Strategic Corporate Developments III-8
Key Players III-11
B.Market Analytics III-17
Table 97: US Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for High
Performance Alloys by Product Group/Segment - Non-Ferrous
Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)

Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and
Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium,
Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special Alloys & Super
Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-17

Table 98: US Historic Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Group/Segment - Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory
Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)

Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium,
Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special Alloys & Super Alloys
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-18

Table 99: US 15-Year Perspective for High Performance Alloys
by Product Group/Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume
Sales for Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium,
and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals
and Special
Alloys & Super Alloys Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-19

2. CANADA III-20
A.Market Analysis III-20
Outlook III-20
Industry Review III-20
Aluminum III-20
Aluminum Casting, Rolling and Extruding in Canada -
Industry Scenario III-20
Industry Classification III-20
Products Profile III-20
Industry Characteristics III-20
Innovation and Technology III-21
Challenges in the Aluminum Industry III-21
Table 100: Canadian Aluminum Consumption (2011):
Percentage Share Breakdown by End Use Segments -
Transportation, Packaging, Construction, Electricity,
and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-22
Strategic Corporate Developments III-22
Key Players III-22
B.Market Analytics III-23
Table 101: Canadian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for High Performance Alloys by Product Group/Segment -
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and
Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum,
Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special
Alloys & Super Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-23

Table 102: Canadian Historic Perspective for High
Performance Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Non-Ferrous
Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)

Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and
Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium,
Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special Alloys & Super
Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-24

Table 103: Canadian 15-Year Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium,
Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum,
Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals

and Special Alloys & Super Alloys Markets for Years 2004,
2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-25

3. JAPAN III-26
A.Market Analysis III-26
Outlook III-26
Industry Trends III-26
Magnesium III-26
Magnesium Recycling - The Trend of the Future III-26
Thixo-Casting Process Heightens Demand for Magnesium III-26
Scrap Recycling Picks up Momentum III-26
Magnesium Ups Demand in Automotive and Electronics Sector III-27
Table 104: Japanese Tungsten Market by End-Use Segment
(2011): Percentage Breakdown of Volume Consumption for
Cutting and Wear-Resistant Materials, Electrical &
Electronic Materials, Steels Super Alloys &
Wear-resistant Alloys and Chemicals (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-27
Platinum Group Metals III-27
Japan - The Largest PGM Importer III-27
Platinum III-28
Table 105: Japanese Platinum Market (2011): Percentage
Share Breakdown of Volume Sales by End-Use Segments -
Autocatalyst, Jewelry, Electrical, Chemical, Glass,
Petroleum and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-28
Palladium III-28
Table 106: Japanese Palladium Market by Application
Segment (2011): Percentage Share Breakdown of Volume
Consumption for Autocatalyst, Electrical/Electronics,
Dental, Chemical, Jewelry, and Others (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-28
Strategic Corporate Development III-29
Key Player III-30
B.Market Analytics III-31
Table 107: Japanese Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for High Performance Alloys by Product Group/Segment -
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and
Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum,
Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special
Alloys & Super Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-31

Table 108: Japanese Historic Perspective for High
Performance Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Non-Ferrous
Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)

Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and
Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium,
Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special Alloys & Super
Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-32

Table 109: Japanese 15-Year Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium,
Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum,
Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals

and Special Alloys & Super Alloys Markets for Years 2004,
2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-33

4. EUROPE III-34
A.Market Analysis III-34
Europe - A Major Market III-34
Market Overview III-34
Non-Ferrous Alloys III-34
Platinum Group Metals III-35
Super Alloys and Special Alloys III-35
Market Dynamics III-35
Consumption Dominated by Technologically Advanced Countries III-35
Production Centered in Low Cost Destinations III-36
Aluminum Production Drifting Out of Europe III-36
Bigger the Transport Sector - Higher the Demand for High
Performance Materials III-36
Magnesium Alloys in Car Making - Growing Application III-36
Palladium Scores over Platinum for Catalytic Converters III-36
Technology Trends At a Glance III-37
Industry Issues III-37
Fabrication Technology Improves by the Day III-37
Recycling - A Feasible Solution III-38
Platinum III-38
Palladium III-38
Rhodium III-39
Ruthenium III-39
Table 110: European Ruthenium Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Volume Sales by End Use Segment -
Electrical, Process Catalysts, Electrochemical, and
Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-39
Iridium III-39
Super Alloys III-39
Power Generation III-39
B.Market Analytics III-40
Table 111: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for High Performance Alloys by Geographic Region - France,
Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia, and Rest of Europe
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-40

Table 112: European Historic Perspective for High
Performance Alloys by Geographic Region - France, Germany,
Italy, UK, Spain, Russia, and Rest of Europe Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric
Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-41

Table 113: European Current and Future Market Analysis for
High Performance Alloys by Product Group/Segment -
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and
Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum,
Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special
Alloys & Super Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-42

Table 114: European Historic Perspective for High
Performance Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Non-Ferrous
Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)

Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and
Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium,
Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special Alloys & Super
Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-43

Table 115: European 15-Year Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume
Sales for France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia, and
Rest of Europe Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-44

Table 116: European 15-Year Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium,
Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum,
Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals

and Special Alloys & Super Alloys Markets for Years 2004,
2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-45

4a. FRANCE III-46
A.Market Analysis III-46
Outlook III-46
Key Player III-46
B.Market Analytics III-47
Table 117: French Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
High Performance Alloys by Product Group/Segment -
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and
Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum,
Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special
Alloys & Super Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-47

Table 118: French Historic Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory
Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)

Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium,
Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special Alloys & Super Alloys
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-48

Table 119: French 15-Year Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium,
Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum,
Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals

and Special Alloys & Super Alloys Markets for Years 2004,
2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-49

4b. GERMANY III-50
A.Market Analysis III-50
Outlook III-50
Overview of Aluminum Market III-50
Table 120: German Aluminum Market (2011): Percentage Share
Breakdown by End Use Industry - Transport, Building &
Construction, Packaging, Mechanical Engineering, Iron &
Steel, Domestic Equipment and Others (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-50
Strategic Corporate Development III-51
Key Players III-52
B.Market Analytics III-55
Table 121: German Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
High Performance Alloys by Product Group/Segment -
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and
Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum,
Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special
Alloys & Super Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-55

Table 122: German Historic Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory
Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)

Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium,
Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special Alloys & Super Alloys
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-56

Table 123: German 15-Year Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume
Sales for Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium,
and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals
and Special
Alloys & Super Alloys Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-57

4c. ITALY III-58
A.Market Analysis III-58
Outlook III-58
B.Market Analytics III-59
Table 124: Italian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for High Performance Alloys by Product Group/Segment -
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and
Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum,
Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special
Alloys & Super Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-59

Table 125: Italian Historic Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory
Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)

Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium,
Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special Alloys & Super Alloys
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-60

Table 126: Italian 15-Year Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium,
Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum,
Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals

and Special Alloys & Super Alloys Markets for Years 2004,
2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-61

4d. THE UNITED KINGDOM III-62
A.Market Analysis III-62
Outlook III-62
Table 127: UK Tungsten Market by End-Use Segment (2011):
Percentage Breakdown of Volume Consumption for Cutting and
Wear- Resistant Materials, Electrical & Electronic
Materials, Steels Super Alloys & Wear- resistant Alloys and
Chemicals (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-62
Strategic Corporate Development III-62
Key Players III-63
B.Market Analytics III-65
Table 128: UK Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
High Performance Alloys by Product Group/Segment -
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and
Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum,
Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special
Alloys & Super Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-65

Table 129: UK Historic Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory
Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)

Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium,
Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special Alloys & Super Alloys
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-66

Table 130: UK 15-Year Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium,
Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum,
Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals

and Special Alloys & Super Alloys Markets for Years 2004,
2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-67

4e. SPAIN III-68
A.Market Analysis III-68
Outlook III-68
B.Market Analytics III-69
Table 131: Spanish Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for High Performance Alloys by Product Group/Segment -
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and
Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum,
Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special
Alloys & Super Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-69

Table 132: Spanish Historic Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory
Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)

Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium,
Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special Alloys & Super Alloys
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-70

Table 133: Spanish 15-Year Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume
Sales for Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium,
and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals
and Special
Alloys & Super Alloys Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-71

4f. RUSSIA III-72
A.Market Analysis III-72
Outlook III-72
Key Players III-72
B.Market Analytics III-73
Table 134: Russian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for High Performance Alloys by Product Group/Segment -
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and
Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum,
Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special
Alloys & Super Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-73

Table 135: Russian Historic Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory
Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)

Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium,
Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special Alloys & Super Alloys
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-74

Table 136: Russian 15-Year Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume
Sales for Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium,
and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals
and Special
Alloys & Super Alloys Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-75

4g. REST OF EUROPE III-76
A.Market Analysis III-76
Outlook III-76
Key Players III-76
B.Market Analytics III-77
Table 137: Rest of Europe Recent Past, Current & Future
Analysis for High Performance Alloys by Product
Group/Segment - Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium,
Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum,
Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals
(Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and
Special Alloys & Super Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed
with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010
through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-77

Table 138: Rest of Europe Historic Perspective for High
Performance Alloys by Product Group/Segment - Non-Ferrous
Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)

Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and
Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium,
Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special Alloys & Super
Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-78

Table 139: Rest of Europe 15-Year Perspective for High
Performance Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Percentage
Breakdown of Volume Sales for Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum,
Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals
(Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum
Group Metals
and Special Alloys & Super Alloys Markets for
Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-79

5. ASIA-PACIFIC III-80
A.Market Analysis III-80
Outlook III-80
Platinum Group Metals III-80
End Use Application Trends III-80
Australia III-80
An Overview of Aluminum Market III-80
China III-81
Industry Trends III-81
Aluminum III-81
China - The Emerging Leader III-81
Price Declines May Force Manufacturers to Curtail
Aluminum Production III-81
Problems Galore III-81
Production and Consumption Compete Head On III-82
Consolidation Picks Up Momentum III-82
Coal Fly Ash based Aluminum Extraction Faces Impediments
in Dragon Nation III-82
Table 140: Chinese Aluminum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Consumption by End-Use Sector (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-82
Magnesium III-83
China - Dominates the Global Magnesium Industry III-83
China Better Off with Thermal Reduction Process III-83
Titanium III-83
Titanium Demand in China Burgeoning III-83
Molybdenum III-83
China - The Second Largest Mo Producer III-83
Table 141: Tungsten Market in China (2011): Percentage
Breakdown by End-Use Segments - Hardmetals (Cemented
Carbides), Steels/Superlloys, Mill Products, and Others
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-84
Nickel III-84
Platinum III-84
Table 142: Platinum Market in China (2011): Percentage
Breakdown by End-Use Application - Jewelry and Others
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-84
Aluminum Corp. of China Ltd. (CHALCO) - A Key Player III-85
Taiwan III-85
Magnesium Alloy III-85
Taiwan to Emerge as Largest Magnesium Alloy Market III-85
India III-85
Aluminum III-85
An Overview III-85
Industry Structure III-86
Table 143: Aluminum Consumption in India (2011):
Percentage Share Breakdown by Product Type - Wire Rods,
Rolled Products, Extrusions, Castings & Alloys, Foils,
and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-86
Manufacturing and Technical Process III-86
Table 144: Market For Aluminum in India (2011):
Percentage Share Breakdown of Consumption By
End-Application Industries - Electrical, Automotives,
Building, Packaging, Machinery and Others (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-87
Key Challenges III-87
Growth in Industrial Production / User Industries III-87
Power Availability III-87
Duty Structure III-87
Table 145: The Market for Zinc in India (2011):
Percentage Share Breakdown By Major Market Segments -
Galvanizing, Castings, Die Casting Alloys, Oxides and
Chemicals and Extruded Products (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-88

Table 146: The Market for Zinc in India (2011):
Percentage Share Breakdown by Leading Product Types -
Tubes, Sheets, Structurals, and Wires (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-88
Strategic Corporate Development III-88
Key Players III-91
B.Market Analytics III-92
Table 147: Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current & Future
Analysis for High Performance Alloys by Product
Group/Segment - Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium,
Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum,
Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals
(Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and
Special Alloys & Super Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed
with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010
through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-92

Table 148: Asia-Pacific Historic Perspective for High
Performance Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Non-Ferrous
Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)

Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and
Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium,
Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special Alloys & Super
Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-93

Table 149: Asia-Pacific 15-Year Perspective for High
Performance Alloys by Product Group/ Segment - Percentage
Breakdown of Volume Sales for Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum,
Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals
(Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum
Group Metals: and Special Alloys & Super Alloys Markets for
Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-94

6. MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA III-95
A.Market Analysis III-95
Outlook III-95
South Africa III-95
Platinum Production Scales New Heights III-95
Key Players III-95
B.Market Analytics III-96
Table 150: Middle East & African Recent Past, Current &
Future Analysis for High Performance Alloys by Product
Group/Segment - Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium,
Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum,
Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals
(Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and
Special Alloys and Super Alloys Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-96

Table 151: Middle East & Africa Historic Perspective for
High Performance Alloys by Product Group/ Segment -
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and
Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum,
Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special
Alloys and Super Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through
2009 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-97

Table 152: Middle East & African 15-Year Perspective for
High Performance Alloys by Product Group/Segment -
Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory
Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)

Platinum Group Metals
and Special Alloys and Super Alloys
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-98

7. LATIN AMERICA III-99
A.Market Analysis III-99
Outlook III-99
An Overview of Brazilian Aluminum Market III-99
B.Market Analytics III-100
Table 153: Latin American Recent Past, Current & Future
Analysis for High Performance Alloys by Product
Group/Segment - Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium,
Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum,
Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals
(Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and
Special Alloys and Super Alloys Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-100

Table 154: Latin American Historic Perspective for High
Performance Alloys by Product Group/Segment - Non-Ferrous
Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)

Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and
Tantalum)
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium,
Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium)
and Special Alloys and
Super Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-101

Table 155: Latin American 15-Year Perspective for High
Performance Alloys by Product Group/Segment - Percentage
Breakdown of Volume Sales for Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum,
Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium)
Refractory Metals
(Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum)
Platinum
Group Metals
and Special Alloys & Super Alloys Markets for
Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-102

IV. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

Total Companies Profiled: 217 (including Divisions/Subsidiaries - 255)

The United States (83)
Canada (25)
Japan (11)
Europe (72)
- France (8)
- Germany (8)
- The United Kingdom (25)
- Italy (7)
- Spain (2)
- Rest of Europe (22)
Asia-Pacific (Excluding Japan) (45)
Latin America (4)
Africa (10)
caribbean (1)
Middle-East (4)

Demand for high performance alloys is forecast to remain stable in the upcoming years based on its usage in a broad gamut of applications ranging from engineering structures, heavy equipments to components for aircrafts, motor vehicles, and consumer electronics. The low density and high strength characteristics of these materials make them an ideal choice in sectors ranging from industrial to medical applications. Industries such as consumer appliances, manufacturing, and transportation have over the years fanned growth of the market and the emergence of newer applications in medical, energy generation, and oil and gas exploration industries will help drive future growth. Growth will also be driven by technology innovations compelled by end-user demand for sequentially higher strength materials with lower weight, longer life and superior functional capabilities such as, resistance to extreme temperatures and corrosion, among others. For instance, corrosion resistance has become the buzzword in a wide range of industries and corrosion-resistant alloys, such as, are nickel-based alloys, titanium alloys and more versatile alloys based on stainless steel grades, are gaining prominence.

The automotive industry, in particular, is driving demand for lightweight alloys, given the growing OEMs focus on producing more eco-friendly and fuel-efficient vehicles. In this regard, demand for aluminium alloys in the manufacture of automotive parts and components are poised to grow robustly. The potential offered by the increasing use of aluminium in vehicle production can be put into perspective by the automotive industry’s futuristic vision of manufacturing aluminium cars which are believed to be 28% lighter than their conventional counterparts. With strict fuel efficiency and emission norms being legislated by Governments worldwide, the automotive industry’s future lies in aluminium.

Additionally, the focus on generating clean energy and the carbon caps imposed on conventional power generation plants using coal, nuclear power and lignite, is helping drive growth for new alloy materials capable of aiding in generating clean energy. Therefore green energy generation will drive demand for titanium alloys, nickel alloys, and specialty alloys, used in pollution control systems, such as flue gas desulfurization (FGD) units, wet electrostatic precipitators (WESP), carbon capture absorbers, and in turbines. The focus on clean energy and the ensuing increase in investments in nuclear power and renewable energy sources like solar & wind energy will generate demand for heat or corrosion resistant alloys for use in solar panels, wind turbines, turbine blades, high temperature solid oxide fuel cells, and containers for nuclear/radioactive waste, among others.

The metal industry was acutely impacted during the 2007-2009 recession largely as a result of the complete meltdown of the construction industry in the developed countries. Structural applications of high-performance alloys was especially roughed up against a backdrop of cancellation, postponement, and general weakness in new office, commercial and residential building projects and declines in infrastructure investment. The fall of the automotive industry also impacted demand for high-performance alloys in this sector where it is used widely in the manufacture of vehicle exhaust systems, ignition components and other electrical and electronic system components. Industrial grade high performance alloys also suffered a setback with reductions in industrial output, credit shortages, and tight liquidity impacting CAPEX and OPEX in manufacturing and process industries. Demand for environmental engineering metallic alloys was also impacted with energy and environmental engineering industries bucking under the recessionary pressure. The market in the year 2010, however, posted a smart recovery encouraged largely by the resurgence in growth driving market fundamentals, such as, improvement in the macroeconomic environment, greater consumer confidence, recovery in consumer spends, and increased investments on infrastructure projects.

The outlook for Europe remains overshadowed by the economic drag exerted by the deleveraging process underway in the region’s private, public and financial sector. Also, the anti-crisis austerity and spending cuts as a measure to tame towering public debts and reduce the gross debt-to-GDP ratio is impacting capital expenditure in manufacturing industries in debt affected economies by limiting borrowing and reducing investments in capital goods. The automobile end-use industry, for instance, has been losing ground more rapidly than other manufacturing sectors. All of these factors are causing demand for high performance alloys in the region to lose steam.

As stated by the new market research report on High Performance Alloys, the US continues to remain the largest regional market. Asia-Pacific represents the fastest growing market over the analysis period. By product, non-ferrous alloys represents the largest segment accounting for a lion’s share of the market pie.

Global Industry Analysts ©

- A. M. Castle & Company (USA)
- Aardvark Polymers (USA)
- Acclaim Exploration NL (Australia)
- Accumet Materials, Inc. (USA)
- Advanced Metallurgical Group NV (The Netherlands)
- Aerospace Specification Metals, Inc. (USA)
- African Rainbow Minerals Ltd. (South Africa)
- Agricola Resources PLC (UK)
- Albidon Ltd. (Australia)
- Alcoa, Inc. (USA)
- Alcoa Howmet Castings (USA)
- Alcoa Minerals of Jamaica, Inc. - Jamalco (Jamaica)
- Alcoa of Australia Ltd. (Australia)
- Alcoa (Guinea)
- Alcoa Aluminio SA (Brazil)
- Aleris International, Inc. (USA)
- All Metals & Forge LLC (USA)
- Allegheny Technologies, Inc. (USA)
- ATI Allegheny Ludlum (USA)
- ATI Allvac (USA)
- ATI Wah Chang (USA)
- ATI Ladish Forging (USA)
- Alloy Wire International Ltd. (UK)
- Alnor Alluminio Nord SpA (Italy)
- Alro SA (Romania)
- Altemp Alloys, Inc. (USA)
- Alu Menziken Group (Switzerland)
- Alumina Ltd. (Australia)
- Aluminerie Alouette, Inc. (Canada)
- Aluminium Bahrain BSC(C) (Bahrain)
- Aluminium de Grèce SA (Greece)
- Aluminium Oxid Stade GmbH (Germany)
- Aluminum Corporation of China Ltd. (Chalco) (China)
- AMC Group-Amalgamated Metal Corporation PLC (UK)
- Amur Artel (Russia)
- Anglo American PLC (UK)
- Anglo American Platinum Ltd. (South Africa)
- Potgietersrust Platinums Ltd. (South Africa)
- Apex Minerals NL (Australia)
- Aquarius Platinum Ltd. (Australia)
- Aquarius Platinum (South Africa) Pty., Ltd. (South Africa)
- Arab Aluminum Co., S.A.E (Egypt)
- Areva Group (France)
- Asahi Tec Corporation (Japan)
- Asia Aluminum (China) Co., Ltd. (China)
- Asturiana De Aleaciones SA (Aleastur) (Spain)
- Atlatsa Resources Corporation (Canada)
- Audubon Metals LLC (USA)
- Aufhauser Corporation (USA)
- Aurora Metals Division LLC (USA)
- Austral Alloys Pty., Ltd. (Australia)
- Austria Metall AG (Austria)
- Azure Minerals Ltd. (Australia)
- BASF Catalysts LLC (USA)
- Bechtel Corporation (USA)
- Beck Aluminum Corporation (USA)
- Belmont Metals, Inc. (USA)
- Benton Resources Corporation (Canada)
- Bermco Aluminum (USA)
- Bharat Aluminum Co., Ltd. (India)
- Bharat Forge Ltd. (India)
- BHP Billiton Ltd. (Australia)
- BHP Billiton PLC (UK)
- Brown – Pacific, Inc. (USA)
- Cabot Corporation (USA)
- Caledonia Mining Corporation (Canada)
- Camino Minerals Corporation (Canada)
- Canadian Royalties, Inc. (Canada)
- CanAlaska Uranium Ltd. (Canada)
- CaNickel Mining Ltd. (Canada)
- Carpenter Technology Corporation (USA)
- Carpenter Technology-Specialty Alloys Division (USA)
- Century Aluminium Company (USA)
- CEZUS (France)
- Chimet SpA (Italy)
- China Gold International Resources Corp., Ltd. (Canada)
- China Minmetals Non-ferrous Metals Co., Ltd. (China)
- Chinalco Luoyang Copper Co., Ltd. (China)
- Clad Metal Specialties, Inc. (USA)
- Coltwell Industries, Inc. (USA)
- Consolidated Precision Products (USA)
- Cookson Group PLC (UK)
- Cookson CLAL (France)
- Cor-Met, Inc. (USA)
- D.F. Goldsmith Chemical & Metal Corporation (USA)
- Dadco Alumina & Chemicals (USA)
- Daiki Aluminium Industry Co., Ltd. (Japan)
- Dall'orto Edilio SNC (Italy)
- DCM Decometal International Trading GesmbH (Austria)
- De Grey Mining Ltd. (Australia)
- Deutsche Nickel GmbH (Germany)
- Dingsheng Aluminum Group (China)
- Doncasters PLC (UK)
- Dubai Aluminium Co., Ltd. (UAE)
- Eagle Alloys Corporation (USA)
- Eastern Platinum Ltd. (Canada)
- Ed Fagan, Inc. (USA)
- Egyptalum (Egypt)
- Elgiloy Specialty Metals (USA)
- Elkem ASA (Norway)
- ENPAR Sonderwerkstoffe GmbH (Germany)
- Eramet Group (France)
- Evraz Group SA (Luxembourg)
- Firth Rixson Metals Group (UK)
- Foyson Resources Ltd. (Australia)
- Fry Steel Company (USA)
- G. O. Carlson, Inc. (USA)
- GArb Oil & Power Corporation (USA)
- Global Advanced Metals Pty., Ltd. (Australia)
- Global Titanium, Inc. (USA)
- Globe Specialty Metals, Inc. (USA)
- Gold Fields Ltd. (South Africa)
- Goldrea Resources Corporation (Canada)
- Goodfellow Cambridge Ltd. (United Kingdom)
- Gossan Resources Ltd. (Canada)
- Greenville Metals, Inc. (USA)
- Group of Companies Precious Metals Of Urals (Russia)
- Grupa Kety SA (Poland)
- Guyana Precious Metals (Canada)
- H.C. Starck GmbH (Germany)
- H.C. Starck, Inc. (USA)
- H.C. Starck Ltd. (UK)
- Hamilton Precision Metals (USA)
- Haynes International, Inc. (USA)
- High Performance Alloys, Inc. (USA)
- Hindalco Industries Ltd. (India)
- IBC Advanced Alloys Corporation (Canada)
- Iluka Resources Ltd. (Australia)
- Impala Platinum Holdings Ltd. (South Africa)
- IMX Resources Ltd. (Australia)
- Innovator Sp. Z.o.o. (Poland)
- Inter Contal, Inc. (USA)
- Ireland Alloys Ltd. (UK)
- Italchimici Group (Italy)
- Jiangxi Rare Earth and Rare Metals Tungsten Group Corporation (China)
- Jilin Jien Nickel Industry Co., Ltd (China)
- Jindal Aluminum (India)
- Johnson Matthey PLC (UK)
- Johnson Matthey SA (France)
- Jupiter Aluminum Corporation (USA)
- Kaiser Aluminum Corporation (USA)
- Kamal Metal Corporation (India)
- KB Alloys, Inc. (USA)
- KBM Affilips BV (The Netherlands)
- Kennametal Stellite Group (USA)
- KGHM International Ltd. (Canada)
- Kobe Steel Ltd. (Japan)
- Krasnoyarsk Aluminum Plant (Russia)
- Kurimoto Ltd. (Kurimoto)
- Latrobe Specialty Metals (USA)
- Liberty Star Uranium & Metals Corporation (USA)
- Liquidmetal Technologies, Inc. (USA)
- Lonmin PLC (UK)
- Lucas-Milhaupt, Inc. (USA)
- Lucas-Milhaupt Europe Ltd. (UK)
- Luoyang Hualing Magnesium Industry Company (China)
- Luxfer Group Ltd. (UK)
- Madras Aluminum Co., Ltd. (India)
- MagIndustries Corporation (Canada)
- Magnesium Elektron (UK)
- Magnesium Elektron North America, Inc. (USA)
- Magontec Ltd. (Australia)
- Mallory Alloys Group (UK)
- Materion Brush Performance Alloys (USA)
- Mechel OAO (Russia)
- MetalMart International, Inc. (USA)
- Metalor Technologies SA (Switzerland)
- Metalor Technologies (Iberica) SA (Spain)
- Metalor Technologies France (France)
- Micron Metals, Inc. (USA)
- Atlantic Equipment Engineers (USA)
- Mitsubishi Aluminum Co., Ltd. (Japan)
- MMC Norilsk Nickel Group (Russia)
- Norilsk Nickel Polar Division (Russia)
- Montana Resources (USA)
- Morgan Technical Ceramics (USA)
- MTC Wesgo Metals (USA)
- Murray Metals Group (UK)
- Mustang Minerals Corporation (Canada)
- N.V Umicore SA (Belgium)
- Namex Explorations, Inc. (Canada)
- National Aluminium Co., Ltd. (India)
- Nemak (USA)
- Neosym Industry Ltd. (India)
- Newmont Mining Corporation (USA)
- Nippon Light Metal Co., Ltd. (Japan)
- Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co., Ltd. (Japan)
- Noranda Aluminum, Inc. (USA)
- Norsk Hydro ASA (Norway)
- Hydro Aluminum North America (USA)
- North American Palladium Ltd. (Canada)
- North American Tungsten Corporation Ltd. (Canada)
- North United Aluminum (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. (China)
- Northam Platinum Ltd. (South Africa)
- Northern Shield Resources, Inc. (Canada)
- Northwest Aluminum Specialties, Inc. (USA)
- Novelis, Inc. (USA)
- Noventa Ltd. (Channel Island)
- Officine ORSI SpA (Italy)
- Olin Brass Corporation (USA)
- Pacific North West Capital Corporation (Canada)
- PacificOre Mining Corporation (Canada)
- Parekh Platinum Ltd. (India)
- Perryman Company (USA)
- Plansee AG (Austria)
- PolyMet Mining Corporation (Canada)
- Polyone GLS Thermoplastic Elastomers a Polyone Company (USA)
- Precision Castparts Corporation (USA)
- Special Metals Corporation (USA)
- Special Metals Wiggin Ltd. (UK)
- SPS Technologies, Inc. (USA)
- Prince & Izant Co. (USA)
- Prize Mining Corporation (Canada)
- Prophecy Platinum Corporation (Canada)
- Pure Nickel, Inc. (Canada)
- Quanex Building Products - Nichols Aluminum (USA)
- Quay Magnesium Ltd. (Australia)
- Queensland Alumina Ltd. (Australia)
- Rio Tinto Group (UK)
- Rio Tinto Alcan (Canada)
- Rio Tinto Alcan (Australia)
- Rochester Aluminum Smelting Canada Ltd. (Canada)
- Rolled Alloys, Inc. (USA)
- Safina AS (Czech Republic)
- Sandvik AB (Sweden)
- Sandvik Benelux BV (The Netherlands)
- Sanyo Special Steel Co., Ltd. (Japan)
- SAPA AB (Sweden)
- Shanxi Jingmei Alloy Co., Ltd. (China)
- Showa Denko K.K. (Japan)
- Sierra Alloys Company (USA)
- Stillwater Mining Co. (USA)
- Stillwater Canada, Inc. (Canada)
- Sumitomo Corporation (Japan)
- Superior Tube Co. (USA)
- Swissmetal Industries Ltd. (Switzerland)
- Tata International Ltd. (India)
- Tata Steel Ltd. (India)
- Teksid Aluminum (Italy)
- The Yunnan Aluminum Co., Ltd. (China)
- Thessco Ltd. (UK)
- Thyssenkrupp AG (Germany)
- ThyssenKrupp VDM GmbH (Germany)
- Thyssenkrupp VDM SAS (France)
- ThyssenKrupp VDM UK Ltd. (UK)
- Titalia Srl (Italy)
- Titanium Metals Corporation (TIMET) (USA)
- Timet Savoie (France)
- Tomago Aluminium Co. Pty., Ltd. (Australia)
- Toyo Aluminium KK (Japan)
- Trimet Aluminium AG (Germany)
- Twin Metals Minnesota LLC (USA)
- Ulbrich Stainless Steels & Special Metals, Inc. (USA)
- United Company Rusal (Russia)
- United Performance Metals (USA)
- Universal Stainless (USA)
- Urals Mining and Metallurgical Company (Russia)
- Uravan Minerals, Inc. (Canada)
- US Magnesium LLC (USA)
- Vale SA (Brazil)
- Vale Europe Ltd. (UK)
- Vale Canada Ltd. (Canada)
- Valesul Alumínio SA (Brazil)
- Vedanta Resources PLC (UK)
- Votorantim Metais - CBA (Brazil)
- VSMPO-Avisma (Russia)
- W. C. Heraeus GmbH & Co., KG. (Germany)
- Wallbridge Mining Co., Ltd. (Canada)
- Weartech International, Inc. (USA)
- Wesizwe Platinum Ltd. (South Africa)
- Western Australian Specialty Alloys Pty., Ltd. (Australia)
- Wolfram Bergbau- Und Hütten Gesmbh Nfg. KG (Austria)
- Xiamen Tungsten Co., Ltd. (China)
- Xstrata PLC (Switzerland)
- Xstrata Alloys (South Africa)
- Xstrata PLC (UK)
- Zimplats Holdings Ltd. (Zimbabwe)

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High Performance Alloys - Global Strategic Business Report

Global Industry Analysts, Inc, October 2012, Pages: 699

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