Contents:

1. Executive Summary A. Research Synopsis 1. Photonics: An Enabling Technology 2. A Short History B. Photonics Description and Research Methodology 1. Making Light Work 2. Methodology 2. Technology Introduction A. Pros and Cons 1. Advantages 2. Disadvantages B. The Global Communications Network 1. Getting Everybody Connected 2. What's Next? 3. Market Overview A. Industry Scope and Innovative Strategies 1. Photonics Scope 2. Cluster Formations B. Market Trends; Drivers; and Challenges 1. Market Size 2. New Players Breathe New Life 3. Future Market Trends 4. Photonic Materials A. Photonics in Optoelectronics 1. The Role of Materials 2. Bandgap Materials 3. Crystals B. Photonic Materials; Types; and Descriptions 1. Composite Materials 2. Porous Silicon 3. Photonic Polymers and Ceramics 4. Wide Bandgap Materials 5. Nonlinear Optical Materials 5. Polymers A. Modifying the Structure 1. Embossing Microstructures 2. Fast and Easy Does It 3. Change the Structure; Change the Laser 4. Extending Embossing's Embrace B. Combining the Properties of Crystals and Polymers 1. Crystals and Polymers 2. Transatlantic Photonic Allies 3. Do-It-Yourself Fluorine Polymers 4. The Proof Is in the Time-of-Flight 6. Light-Emitting Diodes A. Impurity Makes for Better Polymer LEDs 1. Serendipitous Luminescence 2. Tripling the Excitons B. Simplify Processing 1. Cut Costs; Simplify Processing 2. Exploring the Dark States 7. LECs and LEDs A. Flat-Panel Displays 1. Ion Mobility Lowers Voltage Needs 2. Salty Source for Counterions 3. A Polymer/Electrode Sandwich 4. Shooting for the Red; Green; and Blue B. LEC Applications 1. Backlighting Laptops 2. Glass Clearly Extends Shelf Life C. Test and Measurement 1. Combining High-Speed Testing and Wafer Probing 2. Spectrometer Measures Power and Wavelength 3. Mapping Up To Twenty-Five Parameters 4. Determining Optical-Power Measurement 8. Deposition Technologies A. Laser Deposition 1. Pure Enough for Planar 2. Nozzle Controls Precursors for Quality 3. Laser Control Beats Flame Control 4. Single Pass Coverage 5. Eliminating Optical-to-Electronic Switching 6. Particle-to-Particle Bonding B. Growing Nanoribbons 1. Breaking Material-Composition Limits 2. Coating the Working Side 3. Controlling Ribbon Uniformity C. Sputtering 1. Unlocking Titanium Monoxide's Secrets 2. Lower-Cost Alternative to Indium Tin Oxide Films 3. Picking the Right Shade of TiOx 4. Using Ellipsometry to Judge Color D. Achieving the Proper Orientation 1. A Simpler Process To Produce Higher-Quality Films 2. Pre-Sputtering Prevents Contamination 3. Monitoring Gas Ratio and Temperature E. Vapor-Based 1. Super-Saturated Nanowires 2. Growing Nanowires by Super-Saturation 3. Serving as Their Own Mirror F. Rotational Coating Growth 1. Uniform Behavior 2. Scaling Up to Commercial Volumes 3. Wearing Many Hats 4. Going for High-Brightness LEDs 5. Cutting Downtime 9. Self-Assembly A. Finished Devices 1. Arrays into Conductors 2. Setting the Luminescent Clock 3. Borrowing from Nature 4. White Light Boosts Ionic Current 5. Self-Linking Molecular Chains 6. Lipids Help Size and Orientate Arrays 7. Coordinating Metal Ions and Bonding Hydrogen 8. Stabilizing the Membrane B. Crystals into Three-Dimensional Waveguides 1. An Alternative to Building Layers 2. Sculpting by Microscope 3. Light Takes Tight Corners in the Polymer C. Nanoscale Construction 1. Ionically Built Thin Films 2. Coating Substrates with an Ionic Paintbrush 3. Trimming those Vacuum Bills 4. Finding Collaborators; Seeking Partners D. Making Cadmium Telluride Nanowires 1. Cadmium Telluride Unlocks Self-Assembly Difficulty 2. Pearls-of-Aggregate Wisdom 3. How Do Your Nanowires Grow? E. Crafting Particles 1. Sparks Act as a Chisel 2. Scaling to Nanometers 3. Low-Cost Alloys 4. Retaining the Stoichiometry F. Linking Polymer Nanostructures 1. Stringing Particles 2. Programmable Architecture 3. Simple Software Supports Complex Structures 4. Easy Bandgap Manipulation 10. New Materials A. Bistability 1. Going Optical and Electrical 2. Bistable in Three Properties 3. Switching Conductivity; Light Transmission; and Magnetism 4. Designing Molecular Propellers 5. Spectacular Hysteresis Loop 6. One Channel Change Yields Two Effects 7. Spinning Electronic Information Transmission B. Giving Light Heavier Duties 1. Light-Fueled Polymers 2. Focusing on Stability 11. Crafting New Structures A. Liquid Crystal Shuttlecocks Nab Buckyballs 1. Playing Molecular Badminton 2. Banana-Shaped Molecule 3. Beating Cone Shapes Flat 4. Investing in High-Yielding C-C Bonds B. Tuning Fibers With Microfluidics 1. Signal Processing within a Fiber 2. Microfluidics Put Passive Fibers to Work 3. Manipulation through Plugs and Pumps 4. Independent Adjustments 5. Heat Drives Tiny Pumps 6. Borrowing from Silicon Microelectronics 7. Electrical Actuation Reduces Power Consumption 8. Counteracting Fluctuating Dispersion 9. Faster Switching while Cutting Power Needs C. Atomic Nanofabrication 1. Sculpting with Atoms 2. Unmasking Nanofabrication 3. Simplicity is Strength 4. Keeping Lasers Cool D. Fluid Fabrication 1. Customizing Hydrogel-Based Nanoparticles 2. Tailormade Annealing 3. Know Your Particle Nucleation 4. Templates for Telecommunications 5. More Robust Tunable Arrays E. Three-Dimensional Ink Draws Complex Shapes 1. Self-Supporting Ink 2. Tuning Gel for Desired Response 3. Easier Assembly of Photonic Materials 12. New Synthesis Technologies A. Going Tubular 1. Making Gallium Oxide Tubes and Wires 2. Forming Nanowires from Molten Pools 3. Plasma Reaction Drives Growth 4. Entering the Nitride Arena B. Tunable Tubes 1. Stacking Ether Rosettes 2. Inducing Nanotubes To Assemble Themselves 3. Success Has Many Fathers C. Electrochemical Birth of Barium-Titanate Films 1. Simplicity Itself 2. Rinse-and-Dry Cycle 3. Sparkling Deposition D. Dissolving Templates Hollow Out Nanostructures 1. Light-Triggered Drug Release 2. Dissolving Templates Shape Nanoparticles 3. Filling in for Conductive Composites 13. Coating Substrates A. Spin Coating 1. Opening Doors for Cerium Dioxide 2. The Best of the Buffers 3. Dip Coating Accommodates Long Tapes 4. Sapphire Substrate Solves Orientation Problem 5. Better BTO Films Obtained by Sol-Gel Spin Coating 6. Sol Gel's Chemical Control 7. Multistep Preparation--an Important Parameter 8. Chemical Modifications 9. Taking Molecular Fingerprints 10. Bringing BTO Coatings to Photonics B. Scaling Up Silica for the PLC Market 1. Folding 50 Layers into One 2. Single Pass Coating 3. CVD and FHD Quality at 10% the Cost 4. Riding the Erbium Wave C. Enriched with Erbium 1. Matching Silica's Wavelength 2. Conductive Shell Propagates Light 3. Erbium Dots Can Replace Bulkier Electronics D. Gallium Edges Out Aluminum 1. Competing with Aluminum 2. Changing Targets E. Hosting Semiconductors 1. It's all in the Spin 2. Staying Magnetic at High Temperatures 3. Ion-Beam Injection Reveals All 14. Structural Improvements A. Quantum Wells 1. Compound Semiconductor Alliance Struck 2. Welsh Wafers with Laser and Telecom Pedigrees 3. Modifying Bandgap To Integrate Multifunction Chip 4. Setting Electron Traps 5. Making the Atoms Jump B. Digging Better Quantum Wells 1. Confining Electrons To Improve Lasing 2. The Search for Bragg Mirror Materials 3. Naturally; We're Creating Quantum-Dot Arrays 4. Doping the Super-Lattice C. Breaking the Cybernetic Traffic Jam 1. GaAs Faster; Yet Cooler 2. Technology Is Easy; Finance Is Hard 3. Next Up; Monolithic Integrated Modules 15. Built-In Properties A. Tungsten Crystals Make Bulbs Efficient 1. Harnessing Wasted IR Energy 2. Crystallizing Tungsten 3. Four-Fold Thermal Photovoltaic Efficiencies 4. On-the-Edge Absorption 5. Downsizing to Visibility B. Narrowing the Photonic Band Gap 1. Miniaturizing Photonic Bandgap 2. Electrical Tuning 3. Impedance Mismatch--a Key Attribute C. When Photon Meets Electron 1. Integrating the Optical and the Electrical 2. Handles Well at High Speeds 3. The Customer is Always Specific 16. Patents; Contacts; Awards A. Selected Patents and Contacts 1. US Patents 2. Contacts B. Technical Insights Awards 1. Technical Insights' 2003 Science and Technology Awards; Technology Innovation 2. Technical Insights' 2003 Science and Technology Awards; Technology Leadership