Report Scope:
The scope of this investigation includes the major viable grid-scale electricity storage technologies that are currently being implemented in the power generation industry. These technologies are implemented in order to temporarily store electricity during periods of available generation capacity, for subsequent use during periods of increased demand in support of load leveling, grid balancing, and renewable energy integration, and intermittent generation balancing. The grid-scale battery storage technologies discussed in this report are increasingly deployed in support of intermittent renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind energy, which frequently generate power outside of peak demand periods. In these cases, grid-scale electricity storage technologies facilitate the delivery of renewable power to end users during periods of high and peak use. This supports utility-level regulations and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction strategies, which are increasingly common in the global electricity market.
The market analysis provided in this report is based on a variety of data sources. These include the most recent government, industry, and academic data regarding the projected level of demand for utility-scale electricity storage technologies that could potentially translate into grid-scale battery storage projects. These data were supplemented with an evaluation of major utility electricity storage (UES) and renewable (solar and wind) projects that have been announced or that are currently being proposed. This report provides a comprehensive review of available data in order to provide a realistic, robust and accurate assessment of this quickly changing market.
The report analyzes each major, viable grid-scale battery storage technology, determines the current market status, examines the impact on future markets, and presents forecasts for growth over the next 10 years. Technological issues, including the latest trends, are assessed and discussed, as are the current and likely regulatory environments in support of this industry.
The report analyzes the global industry in terms of its manufacturing and the deployment of its technologies or products. The research examines government roles in support of grid-scale battery storage technologies, worldwide, including regulatory support, government requirements, and promotional incentives for various grid-scale electricity storage technologies. The publisher provides a review of the most relevant grid-scale electricity storage technologies, discusses recent trends in capacity installation and unit sales, and provides industry overviews and market assessments for each grid-scale electricity storage technology.
The Report Includes:
- 58 data tables and 13 additional tables
- An overview of the global market for grid-scale electricity storage technologies
- Estimation of the market size and analyses of market trends, with data from 2019, estimates for 2020 to 2025, with projections of compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) through 2025
- Explanation of the market dynamics, trends, opportunities, and factors influencing the global grid-scale electricity storage technologies and assessment of latest trends within the industry
- Market share analysis of the grid-scale electricity storage technologies based on technology, end-user, service, application, and region
- Coverage of investments in research, development, and demonstration projects and detailed description of smart grids and distributed power generation systems
- Assessment of regulatory trends and incentives, regional economic development rate, the timetable for implementation, and environmental restrictions of the grid-scale electricity storage technologies
- Analysis of the competitive landscape, coverage of recent developments, and current and future demand of grid-scale electricity storage technologies in the global markets
- Market share analysis of the key companies of the industry and coverage of their proprietary technologies, strategic alliances, and other key market strategies
- Comprehensive company profiles of the leading players of the industry, including Bosch Group, Duke Energy Corp., LG CHEM Ltd., Panasonic Corp., and Samsung SDI Co. Ltd.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
- Study Goals and Objectives
- Reasons for Doing the Study
- Scope of Report
- Methodology
- What’s New in this Update?
- Intended Audience
- Analyst’s Credentials
- Custom Research
- Related Reports
Chapter 2 Executive Summary
Chapter 3 Industry Overview and Structure
- Industry Overview
- Utility-Scale Electricity Storage
- Brief History of Battery Technology
- Overall Challenges
- Grid-Scale Battery Storage
- Utility-Scale Electricity Storage Developers
- Engineering and Project Management Contractors
- Component Manufacturers and Fabricators
- Construction and Procurement Contractors
- Raw Materials Producers
Chapter 4 Global Market Outlook
- Overview
- Regional Markets
- Prerequisites
- Demand
- Infrastructure Sufficiency
- Global Market Centers
- Global Market Overview by Region
- Global Market Overview by Technology Type
- Global Market Overview by Service
- Global Market Overview by End Use
- Global Market Overview by Application
Chapter 5 Market Dynamics
- Overall Drivers: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technology Market
- Rising Energy Prices
- Investments: R&D and Demonstration Projects
- Renewable Energy Integration
- Smart Grids and Distributed Power Generation Systems
- Electric Vehicles
- Changing National Policies
- Deregulating Electric Utility Markets
- Overall Challenges: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technology Market
- Implementing Large-Scale EES
- High Capital Costs
- Regulatory Challenges
- Overall Growth Barriers: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technology Market
- Conservatism in the Utility Industry
- Large-Scale Demonstration Projects
- Competition
- Environmental Concerns
- Energy Loss During Storage
- Economic Risk
- Drawbacks
Chapter 6 Global Market Breakdown by Technology
- Grid-Scale Battery Storage
- Lead-Acid Batteries
- Lithium-Ion Batteries
- High Temperature Batteries
- Flow Batteries
- Vanadium Redox
- Hybrid Flow Batteries
- Nickel-cadmium (NiCd) and Other Nickel Electrode Batteries
- Metal Air Batteries
- New Electrochemical Approach
- Other Relevant Utility-Scale Storage Technologies
- Pumped Hydrologic Storage
- Compressed Air Energy Storage
- CAES Heat Storage and Advanced Adiabatic CAES
- Other Emerging Grid-Scale Energy Storage Technologies
Chapter 7 Service Market Outlook
- Service Overview
Chapter 8 Application Market Outlook
- Application Overview
- Frequency-Response Reserve
- MW-Grid-Scale Electricity Storage
- Design Considerations
- Load Leveling
- Capacity Factor/Dispatch for Intermittent Renewables
- Peaking Power Support
- Offset of Peaking Power Generation
- Offset of Renewable Generation
- Economic Benefits
Chapter 9 End-Use Market Outlook
Chapter 10 North American Market Outlook
- Industry Trends: North America
- Major Industry Players
- North American UES Industry
- U.S. Projected Trends
- Canada: Projected Trends
- North American Market Breakdown by Segment
- Key Drivers: North American Market
- Growth Potential: North American Market
Chapter 11 European Market Outlook
- Overview
- Industry Trends
- Major Industry Players
- German Market: Projected Trends
- Italian Market: Projected Trends
- Spanish Market: Projected Trends
- Key Drivers: European Market
- Growth Potential: European Market
Chapter 12 Asia-Pacific Market Outlook
- Overview
- Asia-Pacific Market: Projected Trends
- China: Grid-Scale Battery Storage Market
- Japan: Grid-Scale Battery Storage Market
- South Korea: Grid-Scale Battery Storage Market
- Australia: Grid-Scale Battery Storage Market
- Asia-Pacific: Market Breakdown by Segment
- Growth Potential: Asia-Pacific Market
- Industry Trends
- Major Industry Players
- Major Asian UES Industry Factors
Chapter 13 Latin America, Middle East and Africa Market Outlook
- Overview
- LAMEA Market Projected Trends
- Key Drivers: RoW Market
- LAMEA: Industry Trends
- Major Industry Players
- Major LAMEA Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Industry Factors
- UES Industry Organizations
Chapter 14 Company Profiles
- A123 Systems Llc
- ABB Ltd.
- AES Energy Storage Llc
- Alevo Us
- Ambri Inc.
- American Vanadium
- Amprius
- Aquion Energy
- Automotive Energy Supply Corp.
- Axion Power International Inc.
- Bosch Group
- Boston-Power
- Brightsource Energy
- BYD Co. Ltd.
- Coda Energy
- Duke Energy
- Dynapower Energy Management
- Ecoult
- Electrovaya
- Enervault Corp.
- Ensync Inc.
- Envia Systems
- EOS Energy Storage
- Furukawa Battery
- GE Energy Storage
- Green Charge Networks
- Greensmith Energy Management Systems
- Hokkaido Electric Power Co. Inc.
- Hudson Clean Energy Partners
- Imergy Power Systems
- JLM Energy Inc.
- Johnson Controls
- LG Chem
- Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (Mhi)
- NEC Energy Solutions Inc.
- NGK Insulators Ltd.
- Outback Power
- Panasonic Corp.
- Pellion Technologies
- Primus Power
- Prudent Energy
- Quantumscape Corp.
- Res Americas Inc.
- S&C Electric Co.
- Saft Groupe S.A.
- Sakti3 Inc.
- Samsung Sdi Co. Ltd.
- Seeo Inc.
- Sharp
- Siemens Energy
- SK Continental E-Motion
- Solar Grid Storage
- Solarcity Corp.
- Spider9 Inc.
- Stem Inc.
- Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd.
- Sunverge Energy
- Tesla Motors Inc.
- Tesvolt Gmbh
- Toshiba Power Generation Division
- Vizn Energy
- Xcel Energy Inc.
- Xtreme Power
- Younicos Inc.
List of Tables
Summary Table: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 1: List of Grid-Scale Battery Storage Technologies
Table 2: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Traction: Regional Markets
Table 3: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 4: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Technology, Through 2025
Table 5: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Service, Through 2025
Table 6: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by End Use, Through 2025
Table 7: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Application, Through 2025
Table 8: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Technology, Through 2025
Table 9: Global Market: Lead-Acid Battery for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 10: Lithium-Ion Battery Features
Table 11: Lithium-Ion Battery Costs, by Benefit, 2018
Table 12: Global Market: Lithium-Ion Battery for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technology, by Region, Through 2025
Table 13: Sodium-Sulfur Battery Costs, by Application
Table 14: Sodium-Sulfur Battery Costs, by Benefit
Table 15: Global Market: Sodium-Based Battery for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 16: Global Market: Flow Battery for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 17: Technical Characteristics: VRB Systems, by Application
Table 18: Zinc-Bromine Battery Cost, by Size and Application, 2010
Table 19: Nickel-Cadmium Battery Features
Table 20: Different Battery Technologies
Table 21: Main Mechanical and Electrical Energy Storage Systems
Table 22: Present Worth Cost of 10-Year Operation in Year 1, by Technology/Use, 2011
Table 23: Global Market: Other Technology for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 24: Global Market: Other Technology for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 25: Utility Applications, Grid Storage/Battery Storage Technologies
Table 26: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Service, Through 2025
Table 27: Global Market: Bulk Energy Services for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 28: Global Market: Ancillary Services for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 29: Global Market: Transmission and Distribution Infrastructure Services for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 30: Global Market: Other Services for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 31: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Application, Through 2025
Table 32: Global Market: Black Start Provision Application for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 33: Global Market: Peak Load-Shifting Application for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 34: Global Market: Uninterruptible Power Supply Application for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 35: Global Market: Micro Grid Formation Application for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 36: Global Market: Other Applications for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 37: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by End Use, Through 2025
Table 38: Global Market: Industrial Uses for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 39: Global Market: Commercial Uses for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 40: Global Market: Other End Uses for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, Through 2025
Table 41: Existing and Planned (Proposed, Under Construction, Contracted, Announced) U.S. Energy Storage Technologies, Split, by Capacity, 2019
Table 42: Existing and Planned (Proposed, Under Construction, Contracted, Announced) U.S. Energy Storage Technologies, Split, by Capacity, 2019
Table 43: Energy Storage Applications, by Capacity
Table 44: Major North American Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Component Manufacturers and Engineers
Table 45: North American Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Country, Through 2025
Table 46: Major Historic Grid-Scale Battery Storage Projects in North America
Table 47: North American Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Technology, Through 2025
Table 48: North American Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Service, Through 2025
Table 49: North American Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by End Use, Through 2025
Table 50: North American Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Application, Through 2025
Table 51: Major European Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Component Manufacturers and Engineers
Table 52: European Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Country, Through 2025
Table 53: European Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Technology, Through 2025
Table 54: European Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Service, Through 2025
Table 55: European Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by End Use, Through 2025
Table 56: European Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Application, Through 2025
Table 57: Asia-Pacific Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Country, Through 2025
Table 58: Selected Australian Energy Storage Facilities
Table 59: Major Asian UES Component Manufacturers and Engineers
Table 60: Asia-Pacific Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Technology, Through 2025
Table 61: Asia-Pacific Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Service, Through 2025
Table 62: Asia-Pacific Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by End Use, Through 2025
Table 63: Asia-Pacific Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Application, Through 2025
Table 64: Major Historic Grid-Scale Battery Storage Projects in The Rest of The World Region
Table 65: LAMEA Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies Market, by Country, Through 2025
Table 66: Major UES Industry Groups and Organizations
Table 67: LAMEA Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Technology, Through 2025
Table 68: LAMEA Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Service, Through 2025
Table 69: LAMEA Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by End Use, Through 2025
Table 70: LAMEA Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Application, Through 2025
List of Figures
Summary Figure: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 1: Industry Structure: Procurement/Installation of Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies
Figure 2: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 3: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Technology, 2019-2025
Figure 4: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Service, 2019-2025
Figure 5: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by End Use, 2019-2025
Figure 6: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Application, 2019-2025
Figure 7: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Technology, 2019-2025
Figure 8: Lead-Acid Battery Function and Components
Figure 9: Global Market: Lead-Acid Battery for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 10: Lithium-Ion Battery Function and Components
Figure 11: Global Market: Lithium-Ion Battery for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technology, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 12: Sodium-Sulfur Cell Construction
Figure 13: Global Market: Sodium-Based Battery for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 14: Flow Battery System
Figure 15: Flow Battery Cell Construction
Figure 16: Global Market: Flow Battery for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 17: Zinc-Bromine Battery Composition
Figure 18: Nickel-Cadmium Cell Composition
Figure 19: Metal Air Battery Composition
Figure 20: General Molten Air Battery Composition
Figure 21: Liquid Metal Battery Composition
Figure 22: Power Rating and Discharge Duration at Rated Power
Figure 23: Technology Maturity and Anticipated R&D Expenditure
Figure 24: Per Unit Energy and Power Capital Costs, by Technology
Figure 25: Global Market: Other Technology for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 26: Global Market: Other Technology for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 27: Services Provided, Energy Storage Technologies
Figure 28: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Service, 2019-2025
Figure 29: Global Market: Bulk Energy Services for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 30: Global Market: Ancillary Services for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 31: Global Market: Transmission and Distribution Infrastructure Services for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 32: Global Market: Other Services for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 33: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Application, 2019-2025
Figure 34: Global Market: Black Start Provision Application for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 35: Global Market: Peak Load-Shifting Application for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 36: Global Market: Uninterruptible Power Supply Application for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 37: Global Market: Micro Grid Formation Application for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 38: Global Market: Other Applications for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 39: Global Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by End Use, 2019-2025
Figure 40: Global Market: Industrial Uses for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 41: Global Market: Commercial Uses for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 42: Global Market: Other End Uses for Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Region, 2019-2025
Figure 43: North American Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Country, 2019-2025
Figure 44: North American Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Technology, 2019-2025
Figure 45: North American Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Service, 2019-2025
Figure 46: North American Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by End Use, 2019-2025
Figure 47: North American Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Application, 2019-2025
Figure 48: European Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Country, 2019-2025
Figure 49: European Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Technology, 2019-2025
Figure 50: European Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Service, 2019-2025
Figure 51: European Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by End Use, 2019-2025
Figure 52: European Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Application, 2019-2025
Figure 53: Asia-Pacific Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Country, 2019-2025
Figure 54: Asia-Pacific Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Technology, 2019-2025
Figure 55: Asia-Pacific Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Service, 2019-2025
Figure 56: Asia-Pacific Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by End Use, 2019-2025
Figure 57: Asia-Pacific Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Application, 2019-2025
Figure 58: LAMEA Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Country, 2019-2025
Figure 59: LAMEA Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Technology, 2019-2025
Figure 60: LAMEA Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Service, 2019-2025
Figure 61: LAMEA Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by End Use, 2019-2025
Figure 62: LAMEA Market: Grid-Scale Electricity Storage Technologies, by Application, 2019-2025
Executive Summary
With increasing demand, increasing long-term cost of fuel, and growing environmental concerns, power companies are reviewing all options. A major debate at this stage is whether to build new generation and transmission installations and the use of new technologies to store electricity. Electrical energy storage has the potential to deliver a variety of benefits, including capital investment delay, energy arbitration, enhanced power quality, and less environmental impact, as well as increased efficiency and cost.
For the past 20 years, the global utility-scale electricity storage (UES) market in the U.S. has been dormant. Over the last decade, annual UES market rates were relatively stable, globally, with a few new facilities in Europe and Asia. Current global trends support substantial investment in new power infrastructure. Grid-sized battery storage technologies are now being developed in conjunction with a growing renewable energy industry, after 10 years of dedicated development.
These driving trends are:
- Growing restrictions on greenhouse gas emissions.
- Direct and indirect support for the installation of intermittent renewable sources of power.
- Peak power/surge demand-side management and integration of smart grid systems.
- Infrastructure expansion needed to support further regional economic development.
- Grid investment deferral by utilities.
These five trends form the basis of an emerging boom in grid-scale electricity storage technology development.
Regional market breakdowns are shown here for the overall grid-scale electricity storage market but are shown in the full report in terms of market size by capital expenditure for global regions with a selection of leading national markets.
In recent years, the use of plomo-acid electrochemical batteries has decreased with the increasing popularity and advances of other chemicals (lithium-ion and sodium-sulfur). The development of the ultra-battery with lead-acid could recover due to improved storage capacities. Lithium-ion is expected to take the lead as the preferred battery storage grid-scale technology over the forecast period. Lithium-ion batteries (Li-ion) reach a grid-scale, with several manufacturers simply moving beyond the sale of batteries in order to offer integrated storage services for certain applications.
Japan is the leading market for sodium-sulfur (NaS) battery technology after heavy investment into R&D The country has more than 190 NaS installations across the country with a total of 270 MW/1,640 MWh of installed capacity. NaS had some difficulties in the early years, mainly related to overheating, which led to fire outbreaks. As these issues are overcome, installations are expected to grow. Flow batteries are a much less developed technology than standard batteries, but these are beginning to become commercially available.
Companies Mentioned
- A123 Systems Llc
- AES Energy Storage Llc
- Alevo US
- Ambri Inc.
- American Vanadium
- Amprius
- Aquion Energy
- Automotive Energy Supply Corp.
- Axion Power International Inc.
- Bosch Group
- Boston-Power
- Brightsource Energy
- BYD Co. Ltd.
- Coda Energy
- Duke Energy
- Dynapower Energy Management
- Ecoult
- Electrovaya
- Envia Systems
- Eos Energy Storage
- Furukawa Battery
- GE Energy Storage
- Green Charge Networks
- Greensmith Energy Management Systems
- Hudson Clean Energy Partners
- Imergy Power Systems
- JLM Energy Inc.
- Johnson Controls
- LG Chem
- Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (Mhi)
- Nec Energy Solutions Inc.
- Ngk Insulators Ltd.
- Outback Power
- Panasonic Corp.
- Pellion Technologies
- Primus Power
- Prudent Energy
- Quantumscape Corp.
- Res Americas Inc.
- S&C Electric Co.
- Sakti3 Inc.
- Samsung Sdi Co. Ltd.
- Seeo Inc.
- Sharp
- Siemens Energy
- SK Continental E-Motion
- Solar Grid Storage
- Spider9 Inc.
- Stem Inc.
- Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd.
- Sunverge Energy
- Tesla Motors Inc.
- Tesvolt Gmbh
- Toshiba Power Generation Division
- Vizn Energy
- Xcel Energy Inc.
- Xtreme Power
- Younicos Inc.
