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The C2DE Consumer Market Assessment 2006


Description: There has been a steady shift in the socio-economic base of the UK population over the past 5 years to 2005, with an increase in the number of adults in the AB and C1 groups, and a corresponding decrease in numbers of C2s, Ds and Es. C2DEs were marginally in the majority in the late 1990s, but the balance has shifted during the first half of this decade, with ABC1s now making up 54% of the population, and just 46% coming into the C2DE group.

The clothing sector has been undergoing a period of upheaval, with the middle market suffering as consumers became more adventurous in their attitudes to fashion shopping, discarding their loyalty to established brands in favour of a more daring approach to fashion shopping — something which has benefited the discount sector. The credibility of the sector received a further boost during 2004 and 2005, as fashion writers began extolling the virtues of the cheap copies of catwalk fashions that were available at retailers such as Primark.

However, major supermarket chains have also begun increasing their presence in the clothing market, and this activity, together with the continuing downturn in consumer spending, has meant that the sector has become increasingly competitive.

In the food sector, there has also been a growing trend (which has parallels in the clothing market) for consumers to `mix and match' their food purchases, being happy to choose some basic items from value ranges, while buying other products from the more expensive luxury ranges. This is confirmed original research, carried out in November 2005, which shows that 62% of C2DE respondents are happy to buy the former, and 64% the latter.

Retailers have been quick to capitalise on the growth in home ownership among C2DEs, and the increased interest in home décor among consumers generally. Most of the major grocery retailers now offer budget-priced homeware ranges, and a number of DIY chains have also begun offering a wide range of furniture, furnishings and homewares along with the more traditional DIY products.

However, the inevitable cooling of the property market, and the accompanying decrease in consumer confidence, is now beginning to have an effect on consumer spending. Like the discount clothing sector, the market for DIY products and home furnishings has undergone a recent period of upheaval. A number of large furniture retailers went into receivership during 2004 and 2005, while others are struggling.

The travel industry has changed considerably during the past decade, with wider Internet access meaning an increase in independent booking of holidays, while the rise of budget airlines has led to an increase in short-haul flights to European destinations. Nevertheless, both of these developments tend to be less relevant to C2DE consumers than to ABC1s. These social grades are less likely to have Internet access (and more likely to use a travel agent to book their holidays), and they are also less likely to travel on holiday by air.


Contents: 1. Introduction

Report Coverage

DEFINITION

Table 1: National Security Socio-Economic Classifications (NS-SEC) — Typical Occupations

2. Strategic Overview

SOCIO-ECONOMIC BACKGROUND

Table 2: Profile of the UK Adult Population by Social Grade (% of adults), 1998-2005

Figure 1: Profile of the UK Adult Population by Social Grade (% of adults), 1998-2005

Table 3: Demographic Profile of C2DE Adults (% of respondents), November 2005

Household Tenure

Table 4: Profile of C2DE Adults by Household Tenure (% of respondents), November 2005

Figure 2: Profile of C2DE Adults by Household Tenure, (% of respondents), November 2005

Car Ownership

Table 5: Penetration of Car Ownership by Social Grade (%), 2005

HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE

Table 6: UK Average Weekly Household Expenditure by Socio-Economic Classification of Household Reference Person† (£), 2004/2005

Figure 3: UK Average Weekly Household Expenditure by Socio-Economic Classification of Household Reference Person (£), 2004/2005

Table 7: UK Average Weekly Household Expenditure by Socio-Economic Classification of Household Reference Person† (%), 2004/2005

3. Food

BACKGROUND

CONSUMER TRENDS

C2DEs and Snacks

Table 8: Those Who Consume Crisps and Snacks by Social Grade (%), 2005

Table 9: Snack Brands Purchased Regularly by Social Grade (% of respondents), February 2006

MARKETING AND SUPPLIER ACTIVITY

Aldi

Somerfield

Sainsbury's

ADVERTISING

Table 10: Main Media Advertising Expenditure by Selected Supermarket and Grocery Chains (£000)†, Years to December 2004 and 2005

4. Home

BACKGROUND

CONSUMER TRENDS

Table 11: Penetration of Those Who Undertake DIY Tasks at Home by Social Grade (%), 2005

Table 12: Penetration of Selected DIY Tasks by Social Grade (%), 2005

MARKETING AND SUPPLIER ACTIVITY

Tesco

Matalan

ASDA

Other Retailers

ADVERTISING

Table 13: Main Media Advertising Expenditure by Selected Retailers of Furniture and Furnishings (£000), Years to December 2004 and 2005

5. Clothes

BACKGROUND

CONSUMER TRENDS

Table 14: Penetration of Selected Sports Clothing and Footwear Brands by Social Grade (% of respondents), 2004

Table 15: Penetration of Selected Manufacturer Brands by Social Grade (% of respondents), 2004

Table 16: Penetration of Selected Retailer Clothing and Footwear Brands by Social Grade (% of respondents), 2004

Table 17: C2DE Consumers' Penetration of Selected Clothing and Footwear Brands (% of respondents), 2002 and 2004

MARKETING AND SUPPLIER ACTIVITY

New Look

Primark

TK Maxx

Supermarket Fashions

ADVERTISING

Table 18: Main Media Advertising Expenditure by Selected Discount Clothing Retailers (£000), Years to December 2004 and 2005

6. Leisure and Travel

BACKGROUND

CONSUMER TRENDS

Eating Out, Pubs and Clubs

Table 19: Frequency of Eating in Restaurants in the Evening by Social Grade (%), 2005

Table 20: Penetration of Those Who Visit Pubs for a Drink in the Evening at Least Once a Week by Social Grade (%), 2005

Table 21: Penetration of Those Who Visit Clubs at Least Once a Month by Social Grade (%), 2005

Sporting Activities

Table 22: Penetration of Regular Participation in Selected Sporting Activities by Social Grade (%), 2005

Table 23: Penetration of Those Who Have Smoked Cigarettes in the Last 12 Months by Social Grade (%), 2005

Figure 4: Penetration of Those Who Have Smoked Cigarettes in the Last 12 Months by Social Grade (%), 2005

Holidays and Travel

Table 24: Penetration for Having Taken at Least One Holiday in the Last 12 Months by Social Grade (%), 2005

Table 25: Most Recent Holiday by Type of Holiday by Social Grade (%), 2005

Table 26: Sources of Information Used to Research Most Recent Holiday by Social Grade (%), 2005

Table 27: Booking Method for Most Recent Holiday by Social Grade (%), 2005

Table 28: Booking Medium for Most Recent Holiday by Social Grade (%), 2005

MARKETING AND SUPPLIER ACTIVITY

ASDA

MyTravel

Thomas Cook

Little Chef

Travelodge

Premier Travel Inn

ADVERTISING AND PROMOTION

7. An International Perspective

EUROPE

THE US

8. PEST Analysis

POLITICAL FACTORS

ECONOMIC FACTORS

SOCIAL FACTORS

TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS

Table 29: Adults With Internet Access at Home (%), 2005

9. Consumer Dynamics

Overview

Table 30: Attitudes Towards Finance and Spending by Social Grades ABC1 and C2DE (% of respondents), November 2005

Financial Situation

Food

Home

Clothes

Holidays

Financial Situation

My Financial Situation is Better Now Than it Was 2 Years Ago (S1)

My Financial Situation is Worse Now Than it Was 2 Years Ago (S2)

Table 31: C2DEs' Financial Situation Compared With 2 Years Ago (% of respondents), November 2005

FOOD

I Often Buy Supermarkets' Own-Brand Food Products in `Luxury' Ranges (e.g. Tesco Finest or Sainsbury's Taste the Difference) (S3)

I Often Buy Supermarkets' Own-Brand Food Products in `Economy' Ranges (e.g. Tesco Value) (S4)

Table 32: C2DE Attitudes Towards Supermarket Luxury and Value Ranges (% of respondents), November 2005

HOME

I Enjoy Improving My Home, and We Do Most of the Decorating Ourselves (S5)

I Enjoy Improving My Home, and Usually Employ a Professional to Do the Decorating (S6)

Table 33: C2DE Habits and Attitudes Regarding Home Decorating (% or respondents), November 2005

I Am Very Worried About the Possibility of a Fall in House Prices (S7)

Table 34: C2DEs Who Are Worried About the Possibility of a Fall in House Prices (% of respondents), November 2005

CLOTHES

I Buy Clothes for Myself and/or Others From Discount Shops Such as Primark and TK Maxx (S8)

I Would Never Buy Clothes From Discount Shops (S9)

Table 35: C2DE Attitudes Towards Buying Clothes From Discount Shops (% of respondents), November 2005

I Prefer to Shop for Clothes in Independent/Designer Shops Rather Than High-Street Chains (S10)

Table 36: C2DEs Who Prefer to Shop for Clothes in Independent or Designer Shops (% of respondents), November 2005

It is Good to be Able to Buy Designer Goods in Supermarkets (S11)

Designer Label Have Lost Their Value as They Are So Widely Available (S12)

Table 37: C2DE Attitudes to Designer Goods and Designer Labels (% of respondents), November 2005

HOLIDAYS

On Holiday, I Would Try to Avoid Very Commercialised Tourist Areas (S13)

Availability of Cheap Travel Means That Only a Few Places Are Now Really Special for a Holiday (S14)

Table 38: C2DE Attitudes to Holiday Destinations (% of respondents), November 2005

On Holiday, I Would Prefer to Book Travel and Accommodation Myself Rather Than Use a Travel Agent (S15)

Table 39: C2DE Attitudes Towards Booking Holiday Travel and Accommodation (% of respondents), November 2005

10. Supplier Profiles

ALDI STORES LTD

Corporate Strategy

Profitability

Table 40: Financial Results for Aldi Stores Ltd (£m), Years Ending 29th December 2002 and 31st December 2003 and 2004

Recent and Future Developments

Advertising

ASDA Group LTd

Corporate Strategy

Profitability

Table 41: Financial Results for ASDA Group Ltd (£m), Years Ending 31st December 2002-2004

Recent and Future Developments

Advertising

MATALAN PLC

Corporate Strategy

Profitability

Table 42: Financial Results for Matalan PLC (£m), Years Ending 1st March 2003, 28th February 2004 and 26th February 2005

Recent and Future Developments

Advertising

NEW LOOK Retailers Ltd

Corporate Strategy

Profitability

Table 43: Financial Results for New Look Retailers Ltd (£m), Years Ending 29th March 2003, 27th March 2004 and 26th March 2005

Recent and Future Developments

Advertising

PRIMARK STORES LTD

Corporate Strategy

Profitability

Table 44: Financial Results for Primark Stores Ltd (£m), Years Ending 14th September 2002, 13th September 2003 and 18th September 2004

Recent and Future Developments

Advertising

SOMERFIELD Ltd [KWIK SAVE]

Corporate Strategy

Profitability

Table 45: Financial Results for Somerfield Ltd (£m), Years Ending 26th April 2003, 24th April 2004 and 30th April 2005

Recent and Future Developments

Advertising

TK MAXX

Corporate Strategy

Profitability

Table 46: Financial Results for TK Maxx (£m), Years Ending 25th January 2003, 31st January 2004 and 29th January 2005

Recent and Future Developments

Advertising

11. The Future

CONSUMER CONFIDENCE

Table 47: Confidence in Future Spending Power by Social Grade (% of adults), 2005

THE HIDDEN COSTS OF DISCOUNT SHOPPING

CLOTHING

FOOD

HOME

TRAVEL

12. Consumer Confidence

METHODOLOGY

KEY FINDINGS THIS QUARTER

THE WILLINGNESS TO BORROW

A Slow Start to 2006

Table A: The Average Amount Consumers Are Willing to Borrow in Order to Purchase Expensive Items at Current and Constant November 2004 Prices (£ and £bn), February 2005, May 2005, August 2005, November 2005 and February 2006

The Desire to Borrow Stays Strong

Table B: The Number of Adults Willing to Borrow in Order to Purchase Expensive Items (000 and %), February 2005, May 2005, August 2005, November 2005 and February 2006

THE WILLINGNESS TO SPEND FROM SAVINGS

Spending From Savings Declines

Table C: The Proportion of Adults Without Any Savings (%), February 2005, May 2005, August 2005, November 2005 and February 2006

Table D: The Average Amount Consumers Are Willing to Spend from Savings in Order to Purchase Expensive Items at Current and Constant November 2004 Prices (£ and £bn), February 2005, May 2005, August 2005, November 2005 and February 2006

Consumers Increasingly Cautious

Table E: The Average Amounts Adults are Confident Spending to Purchase Expensive Items (£ and %), February 2005, May 2005, August 2005, November 2005 and February 2006

13. Further Sources

General Sources

Government Sources

Bisnode Sources




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