Cell Biology. Edition No. 4

Table of Contents

- Section I Introduction to Cell Biology

- 1.Introduction to Cells

- 2.Evolution of Life on Earth

- Section II Chemical and Physical Background

- 3.Molecules: Structures and Dynamics

- 4.Biophysical Principles

- 5.Macromolecular Assembly

- 6.Research Strategies

- Section III Chromatin, Chromosomes, and the Cell Nucleus

- 7.Chromosome Organization

- 8.DNA Packaging in Chromatin and Chromosomes

- 9.Nuclear Structure and Dynamics

- Section IV Central Dogma: From Gene to Protein

- 10.Gene Expression

- 11.Eukaryotic RNA Processing

- 12.Protein Synthesis and Folding

- Section V Membrane Structure and Function

- 13.Membrane Structure and Dynamics

- 14.Membrane Pumps

- 15.Membrane Carriers

- 16.Membrane Channels

- 17.Membrane Physiology

- Section VI Cellular Organelles and Membrane Trafficking

- 18.Posttranslational Targeting of Proteins

- 19.Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, Peroxisomes

- 20.Endoplasmic Reticulum

- 21.Secretory Membrane System and Golgi Apparatus

- 22.Endocytosis and the Endosomal Membrane System

- 23.Processing and Degradation of Cellular Components

- Section VII Signaling Mechanisms

- 24.Plasma Membrane Receptors

- 25.Protein Hardware for Signaling

- 26.Second Messengers

- 27.Integration of Signals

- Section VIII Cellular Adhesion and the Extracellular Matrix

28.Cells of the Extracellular Matrix and Immune System

- 29.Extracellular Matrix Molecules

- 30.Cellular Adhesion

- 31.Intercellular Junctions

- 32.Connective Tissues

- Section IX Cytoskeleton and Cellular Motility

- 33.Actin and Actin-Binding Proteins

- 34.Microtubules and Centrosomes

- 35.Intermediate Filaments

- 36.Motor Proteins

- 37.Intracellular Motility

- 38.Cellular Motility

- 39.Muscles

- Section X Cell Cycle

- 40.Introduction to the Cell Cycle

- 41.G1 Phase and Regulation of Cell Proliferation

- 42.S Phase and DNA Replication

- 43.G2 Phase, Responses to DNA Damage, and Control of Entry Into Mitosis

- 44.Mitosis and Cytokinesis

- 45.Meiosis

- 46.Programmed Cell Death

Appendix

- Cell SnapShots

Authors

Thomas D. Pollard Sterling Professor, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT. Thomas Dean Pollard is a prominent educator, cell biologist and biophysicist whose research focuses on understanding cell motility through the study of actin filaments and myosin motors. He is Sterling Professor of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology and a Professor of Cell Biology and Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry at Yale University. He was Dean of Yale's Graduate School of Arts and Sciences from 2010 to 2014, and President of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies from 1996 to 2001. Pollard is very active in promoting scientific education and research primarily through two major societies, both of which he is a past President: the American Society for Cell Biology and the Biophysical Society William C. Earnshaw Professor and Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellow, Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, ICB, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom. William Charles Earnshaw is Professor of Chromosome Dynamics at the University of Edinburgh where he has been a Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellow since 1996. Earnshaw is an elected Fellow of the Royal Society since 2013 for his studies of mitotic chromosome structure and segregation. Before Edinburgh, he was Professor of Cell Biology and Anatomy at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz Group Leader, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, Virginia, United States. Jennifer Lippincott-Swartz is Group Leader at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute Janelia Research Campus. Her lab uses live cell imaging approaches to analyze the spatio-temporal behaviour and dynamic interactions of molecules in cells with a special focus on neurobiology. Before Janelia, Lippincott-Swartz was a primary investigator and chief of the Section on Organelle Biology in the Cell Biology and Metabolism Branch. Her work there included a collaboration with physicists Eric Betzig and Harald Hess (now group leaders at Janelia), who proposed a new function for the photoactivatable protein. The scientists used the protein to generate photoactivatable fluorophores, or dyes, which enabled them to illuminate different sets of molecules sequentially, creating a microscope image far more detailed than previously possible. The method, called super-resolution microscopy, garnered Betzig the 2014 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Graham Johnson Director, Animated Cell, Allen Institute for Cell Biology, Seattle, Washington;, QB3 Faculty Fellow, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California. Graham Johnson is a computational biologist and Certified Medical Illustrator (CMI) with approx. 20 years of professional experience. He is Director of the Animated Cell at the Allen Institute. Before the Allen Institute, Johnson's lab in the California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences at the University of California, San Francisco worked to generate, simulate and visualize molecular models of cells. His lab's Mesoscope project and his team at Allen Institute continue this mission by uniting biologists, programmers and artists to interoperate the computational tools of science and art.