Public Safety Communications Standardization Process-Reality and Project MESA
PracTel Inc, October 2007
This report addresses current issues of wireless communications for first responders with the emphases on interoperability and reliability on the federal, state and local levels. The report, particular, emphasizes a standardization process of first responders radio as a tool to build a unified platform for public safety communications. In this report, we analyzing:
-Software Defined Radio (SDR). This technology promises almost unlimited abilities to reach adaptive interoperability on the global level between security agencies radio communications.
Interoperability today is limited by incompatible radio systems that operate on different frequency bands and/or use different protocols. Interoperability could be accomplished through SDR implementation of multiband radios (e.g., radios that operate on nonadjacent VHF, UHF, and 700/800 MHz bands) and multi-service radios (e.g., public safety land mobile radio, commercial services, and so on) in conjunction with associated modifications to network, infrastructure security, regulatory, and operational procedures.
SDR also has significant potential for both life cycle cost reduction and enabling
cognitive applications that allow a radio to adjust operating parameters automatically
to improve performance or better utilize spectrum that enhances performance.
Technical developments that are needed to realize the above capabilities include
front-end processing, analog-to-digital (A/D) and digital-to-analog (D/A) conversion,
and portable multi-band antennas. Size, weight, and power consumption constraints
of portable units compound these challenges. The technical challenges increase as the
range of supported frequency bands increases and as multiple services with
significantly differing waveforms (e.g., linear and non-linear) are supported.
Ultimately, SDR technology will play an important role in both the infrastructure and terminal devices, but no preferred sequence of technology introduction was identified.
-TETRA. This is a standard for public safety radio adopted by many countries outside of the U.S.
-Project 25. This is a standard for public safety radio adopted by the U.S. and several other countries. We also see as this radio goes beyond a public safety communications arena
-Project MESA. This is a work in a progress on the global scale to develop a unified strategy for reaching interoperability in communications for multiple security agencies.
The report analyzes the addressable markets for existing technologies and provides details of MESA evolving as a “System of Systems”.
Research Methodology
Considerable research was done using the Internet. Information from various Web sites was studied and analyzed; evaluation of publicly available marketing and technical publications was conducted. Telephone conversations and interviews were held with industry analysts, technical experts and executives. In addition to these interviews and primary research, secondary sources were used to develop a more complete mosaic of the market landscape, including industry and trade publications, conferences and seminars.
The overriding objective throughout the work has been to provide valid and relevant information. This has led to a continual review and update of the information content.
Target Audience
This report is important for the government agencies involved in the first response to critical situations. It is necessary for technical departments of such agencies to have a document, which in simple language explains radio technology and architectures of networks supporting public safety radios. They also need to understand the market landscape and who are the major players and their portfolios to select the right equipment.
For vendors of the first response technology, this report provides valuable information on competition. It also supports these vendors with the market assessment.
10 Introduction
11 General-Mobility and Interoperability
12 Requirements to Public Safety Radio
13 Interoperability Categories
14 Classification
15 Criteria
16 States and Federal Support
17 Scope
18 Research Methodology
19 Target Audience
20 SDR: Complex radio for Complex Situations
21 General
22 Wireless Evolution
221 Multiple Choices
23 Versatility
231 SDR Forum Position
232 Major Issues
24 FCC Position
25 SDR In Actions
26 Directions
261 Multifunctionality
2611 Multi-modal
2612 Multi-band/Multi-standard
27 SDR Contribution-Public Safety Communications
28 Decisions
29 Non-technical Issues
291 Regulatory Issues
210 Features Summary
2101 Elements
211 SDR and OSI
212 Developments
213 Applications
2131 Commercial
2132 SDR and Military
2133 SCA
2134 Commercialization
2135 SDR: Applications Benefits
2136 Benefits to Public Safety Communications
214 Market
2141 Landscape
2142 Features
2143 Cost
2144 Different Perspective
2145 Drivers-Summary
2146 Market Forecast
21461 Model Assumptions
21462 Estimate
21463 Public Safety SDR Market Specifics
2147 Market Players
Adaptix (SW, Broadband Access)
AeroStream (Consumer, Military Radio-Modules)
AirNet Communications-Tecore (SDR Base Stations)
Altera (Automotive SDR)
Analog Devices (Chipsets)
Array Systems Computing (DSP)
BitWave Semiconductor (Chipsets)
Cambridge Consultants (80216e)
Cisco (80211a)
CRC –Canadian Research Center (Software)
Harris (Radio Systems)
Hypres (Chipsets)
ICS-Radstone-GE Fanuc Technologies (Modules, Software)
ISR Technology (Platforms)
Kaben (Chipsets)
Lyrtech (DSP and FPGA development solutions)
Morpho (Software)
Mercury Computers Systems (Toolsets)
Motorola (SDR in Public Safety)
NavSys (GPS and Communications)
Nova Engineering (Platforms)
Objective Interface (Software)
Pentek (SDR Boards)
picoChip (ICs)
PrismaTech (SDR Development Environment)
RadioScape (SDR Audio)
Rockwell Collins (Radios)
Smart Link
Spectrum Signal Processing (Platforms)
Sundance (Platforms, Modules)
Thales (Radio)
Wind River (Software)
Xilinx (Chips, SDR Development Kits)
Zeligsoft (Software Tools)
30 P25-Standard Trunked Radio for First Responders
31 Introduction
32 General
321 Beginning
33 Project 25/TIA 102: Scope
331 Efforts
332 Phased Approach
3321 Phase I
3322 Phase II
3323 Phase III
3324 Transition
333 General Mission and Objectives
3331 Budgets: CEDAP
334 Technical Highlights
3341 Common Air Interface
3342 RF Sub-system
3343 Inter-system Interface
3344 Telephone Interconnect Interface
3345 Network Management Interface
3346 Host and Network Data Interfaces
3347 Fixed Station Interface
3348 Console Sub-system Interface
335 Major Characteristics-Summary
336 Spectrum: Problems
3361 FCC Position
3362 Major Improvements
337 Services
338 Network Scenario
34 Market
341 Prices
342 Forecast
35 Vendors
Daniels
EADS
EF Johnson
Kenwood
M-A-Com (TycoElectronic)
Motorola
Relm
Raytheon
Tait Electronics
Technisonic
Westel
Wireless Pacific
40 TETRA: Scope
41 General
42 Bands
43 TETRA and GSM
44 Main Features
441 General
442 Technical
443 Services
45 Benefits
46 Networking
47 Details
471 General
472 Interfaces
473 Structure
474 Spectrum Allocation
48 P25 and TETRA
49 Standardization
50 Pre-standardized “Standards”
51 TETRAPOL
511 General
512 TETRAPOL Technology
5121 TETRAPOL IP
513 TETRAPOL and TETRA
52 iDEN
60 Market: Comparative Analysis
61 General
62 Geography
63 Market Drivers
64 Market Forecast
641 Model Assumptions
642 Market Estimate
643 Sensitivity Analysis
65 Applications
70 TETRA Characteristics
71 Technical
72 Economics
73 Major Benefits
80 Roadblocks
81 Funding
82 Lack of Spectrum
83 Control
90 TETRA Vendors
Aerial Facilities Limited (AFL)
Avitec
Celex
Cleartone
DAMM
EADS
Frequentis
Motorola
Niros
Nokia (EADS)
Portalify
Rohde-Schwarz
Sepura
SmartLink Radio Networks
Siemens
Simoco
Zetron
Zonith
100 Project MESA
101Definition
102 Organization
103 Background
104 Project MESA Formulators
105 Architecture
106 MESA Statement of Requirements (SoR)
1061 General
1062 Vision: Ad-hoc and Cell
10621 Features
10622 Technological Needs
10623 General Technology-Requirements
10624 Specific and Functional Requirements
107 Goals
108 Applications
109 Crossroads
1010 Technology Details: System of Systems
10101 Framework description
101011-Overview
1011 Architecture
10111 PAN
101111-Overview
101112-Characteristics
101113 Place
10112 IAN
101121-Overview
101122-Characteristics
101123-Relations
10113 JAN
101131-Overview
101132-Characteristics
101133-Relations
101134 Example: MESA IAN and MESA JAN Integration
10114 EAN
101141-Overview
101142-Characteristics
101143 Relations
1012 Structure/Architectural Scenarios
10121 Components
101211 PAN Elements
101212-Communication Devices
101213-Connections
1013 Network Requirements
10131 PAN
101311 Class 0
101312 Class 1
10132 IAN
101321 Class 0
1013211 Characteristics
1013212-Description
1013213 Applications
1013214-Network Requirements
101322-Class 1
1013221-Characteristics
1013222 Description
1013223-Applications
1013224-Network Requirements
101323-Class 2
1013231-Characteristics
1013232 Description
1013233-Applications
1013234-Network Requirements
101324-Class 3
1013241-Characteristics
1013242-Description
1013243-Applications
1013244-Network Requirements
101325-Class 4
1013251-Characteristics
1013252 Description
1013253-Applications
1013254-Network Requirements
101326-Class 5
1013261-Characteristics
1013262 Description
1013263-Applications
1013264-Network Requirements
10133 JAN
110 Device Requirements
111 Common Communication Device Requirements
1111 Required Features
1112 Optional Features
112 Mobile Terminal
113 Public Safety Communication Device
1131 Required
114 Public Safety Sensor
1141 Required Features
115 Project MESA -Significance
1151 Law Enforcement
120 Conclusions
Appendix 1: P25 Documents
Figure 1: First Responders: Frequency Bands
Figure 2: Simplified Block-Diagram of SDR System (Tier 2)
Figure 3: SDR Market Estimate for the Military Segment ($B)
Figure 4: SDR Market Estimate for Commercial Segment ($B)
Figure 5: SDR Market Estimate ($B)
Figure 6: Market Estimate for SDR Software ($B)
Figure 7: Market Estimate for SDR Hardware ($B)
Figure 8: Market Estimate for SDR Base Stations ($B)
Figure 9: Market Estimate for SDR Portables ($B)
Figure 10: SDR market Geography (2006)
Figure 11: Total Public Safety Radio Market ($B)
Figure 12: Market Estimate: Public Safety Radio (SDR-based) in $M
Figure 13: P25 Generic Structure of P25 Radio Interworking
Figure 14: P25 Network Architecture
Figure 15: Estimate of the US P25 Radio Market
Figure 16: Worldwide P25 Market Estimate ($B)
Figure 17: Interworking Illustration
Figure 18: Network Scenarios
Figure 19: TETRA Connectivity
Figure 20: TETRA: Spectrum Allocation
Figure 21: P25 Phased Approach
Figure 22: TETRA and TETRAPOL Users
Figure 23: Public Safety Radio Market ($B)
Figure 24: Portable Radio (Handsets): Market Estimate ($B)
Figure 25: TETRA Geographic (2005)
Figure 26: TETRA Major Applications
Figure 27: Partners
Figure 28: MESA Networking
Figure 29: Simplified: MESA Ad-Hoc Network Configuration
Figure 30: Integration
Figure 31: Illustration-MESA-network Connections
Figure 32: Connections
Table 1: States Emergency Network Examples
Table 2: Multiple Tiers
Table 3: SDR Market Drivers
Table 4: P25 Services
Table 6: P25 Radio Prices
Table 7: TETRA Established
Table 8: TETRA vs P25 Markets
Table 9: TETRA Benefits
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