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Cortical Development: Genes and Genetic Abnormalities
John Wiley and Sons Ltd, Jan 2008, Pages: 304
To understand the brain and its devastating diseases, we need to reveal the mechanisms that produce it and the ways in which it can constantly change throughout a lifetime. This book features a timely and insightful discussion between developmental neurobiologists and clinicians who deal with disorders of the nervous system.
Chapters in this book deal specifically with cell fate determination, cell migration and disorders of cell migration; current concepts and new ideas about cortical arealisation, and disorders which can arise from incorrect arealisation; genes implicated in the development of cortical connectivity and related pathologies such as schizophrenia and synaesthesia; and susceptibility genes for cognitive disorders such as schizophrenia, autism, dyslexia, and attention deficit disorder.
Schizophrenia is a severe brain disorder that afflicts approximately 1% of the population and produces a lifetime of disability and cost, within the UK this is estimated at £2.6 billion a year. However, the specific factors that give rise to the illness remain elusive. The most consistent hypothesis suggests that schizophrenia may be a consequence of a genetic abnormality, i.e. a mutation in susceptibility genes that act on early stages of neurodevelopment and environmental events during pregnancy or the postnatal period. For the first time, several susceptibility genes have been identified and all have been implicated in early brain development and adult neuroplasticity.
Autism is a disorder that shows strong heritability within families, probably due to interactions among a relatively small number of susceptibility genes. Dyslexia is another disorder for which the genetic basis is being defined and the book will feature discussion of the latest evidence on this. Other conditions to be discussed are attention-deficit disorder and childhood epilepsy.
Authors bio:
The Novartis Foundation is an international scientific and educational charity which promotes the study and general knowledge of science and in particular encourages international co-operation in scientific research. Chair: John Parnavelas, University College London, UK
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