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Research Coproduction in Healthcare. Edition No. 1

  • Book

  • 336 Pages
  • June 2022
  • John Wiley and Sons Ltd
  • ID: 5842796

A ground-breaking and rigorous presentation of coproduction in research

In Research Coproduction in Healthcare, a team of experienced applied health researchers and decision makers deliver a robust exploration of collaborative ways on how to plan and conduct healthcare research. The book explores relational skills that are essential to achieving successful coproduction, including trust through humility, ongoing communication, emotional intelligence, and the structures and processes required to work with a range of knowledge users. It also sets out the fundamentals of research coproduction and its transformative potential for more effective and efficient health systems and improved health outcomes.

Readers will also find:

  • A thorough introduction to the planning, implementation and evaluation of research coproduction, including how to write a successful research coproduction proposal
  • Comprehensive explorations of capacity-building and infrastructure requirements
  • Practical discussions of the theory of coproduction, including treatments of power and tokenism
  • In-depth reflections on the essential building blocks of research coproduction

Perfect for researchers, knowledge users, funders, trainees and organizations, Research Coproduction in Healthcare will also earn a place in the libraries of coproduction teams, policymakers, clinicians, and health system managers.

Table of Contents

Foreword xv

About the Chapter Authors xvii

Editors xxiii

Acknowledgements xxv

About the Companion Website xxvii

 

 

Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Authors: Anita Kothari, Jo Rycroft-Malone, Chris McCutcheon, and Ian D. Graham

Background: What Is This Book About? 1

Focus of the Chapter: What Do We Mean by Research Coproduction? 4

Known from the Literature: Intellectual Origins and Historical Traditions 6

Scope of the Book 9

References 11

Chapter 2 Foundations of Research Coproduction 14

Chapter 2.1. Conceptualizing and Theorizing for Research Coproduction 14
Authors: Anne MacFarlane and Jonathan Salsberg

Introduction 15

Meaningful Participation 17

Theory and Theorizing 17

Theorizing about Research Coproduction 18
Enhancing Conceptual Clarity and Model Building 18
Utilizing Existing Concepts for New and Deeper Understanding 19

Participatory Implementation Research 21
Case study: Blending Implementation Theory with Research Coproduction Practice 22

Future Research 27

Conclusion 28

Acknowledgements 28

References 29

Chapter 2.2. Equity, Power, and Transformative Research Coproduction 34
Authors: Katrina Plamondon, Sume Ndumbe-Eyoh, and Sana Shahram

Introduction 35

Power Is the Central Research Coproduction Problem 36

What Is Known from the Literature? 40

Experiential Knowledge 43
Coproduction to Transform Organizations (Sume) 43
Coproduction to Transform Networks/Communities (Katrina) 44
Coproduction for Systems Transformation: The xac/qanaǂ ʔitkiniǂ Project (Sana) 44

Practice Implications 45

Future Research 48

Conclusion 49

References 50

Chapter 2.3. Effects, Facilitators, and Barriers of Research Coproduction Reported in

Peer-Reviewed Literature 54
Authors: Katheryn M. Sibley, Femke Hoekstra, Anita Kothari, and Kelly Mrklas

Introduction 55
What Are Effects? What Are Facilitators and Barriers? 55
Understanding Research Coproduction - an Evolving Area of Study 55
Identifying Effects, Facilitators and Barriers - Our Approach 56

Effects of Research Coproduction 57
Effects on the Research Process 57
Effects on Relationships 63
Effects on Individuals 63
Effects on Research Results or Outputs 64
Effects on Practices or Programs 64
Effects on Communities 64
Effects on Policies and Systems 65

Facilitators and Barriers to Research Coproduction 65
Individual-Level Factors 66
Relationship Factors 67
Process Factors 67
System-Level Factors 68

Connecting Outcomes, Impacts, Facilitators, and Barriers of Research Coproduction 68

Implications for the Practice of Research Coproduction 69

Limitations and Evidence Gaps 70

Future Research 70

Conclusion 71

References 71

Chapter 3 Working with Knowledge Users 74

Chapter 3.1 Working with Knowledge Users 74
Authors: Jo Cooke, Susan Mawson, and Susan Hampshaw

Introduction: Starting the Coproduction Journey 75

What Is the Focus of This Chapter? 75

Some Points from the Literature 75

Experience from the Field 77
Research Program Level: Setting Up a Programme Architecture that Can Enable Coproduction 77
Structure, Flexible Resources, and Engagement Processes to Provide Context for Coproduction 79
Setting Ground Rules: A Good Basis for Nurturing Productive Relationships 79
Planning Priority-setting, Action, and Impact from the Start and Throughout 80
Thinking of the Impact from the Beginning 80

Vignette One: The Co-design of an Intervention to Increase Physical Activity in Doncaster. Coproduction in Local Government 81

Vignette Two: Research Coproduction with Industry: Digital Technology to Transform End of Life Care 84

Implications for Practice When Beginning the Coproduction Journey 87

Future Research 88

Conclusion 88

References 88

Chapter 3.2 Research Coproduction with Patients and Caregivers 91
Authors: Claire Ludwig and Davina Banner

Introduction and Background 92

Who Is a “Patient?” 93

What Do We Know about Potential Benefits and Impacts of Research Coproduction with Patients? 95

Barriers and Facilitators to Research Coproduction with Patients and Caregivers 96

Experiential Knowledge: Patient and Caregiver Partner Implications for Practice 98

Experiential Knowledge: Researcher Implications for Practice 100

Future Research 105

Conclusion 108

References 108

Chapter 3.3 Conducting a Research Coproduction Project: A Principles-Based Approach 112
Authors: Joe Langley, Sarah E. Knowles, and Vicky Ward

Introduction 113

Aim 1. Illustrating Why There Is No Research Coproduction ‘Method’ 114

Aim 2. Five Principles of Coproduction and Resources to Enact Them 116
Sharing Power 117
Including All Perspectives 118
Respecting and Valuing the Research Coproduction Partners 119
Reciprocity 120
Building Relationships 121

Aim 3. Research Coproduction in the Real World: Challenges and Ways Forward 122
Who to Work with 122
When to Collaborate 123
Institutional Power 124

Expectations of Health Services Research 125

Conclusion 126

References 127

Chapter 3.4 The View from Within: Organizational Strategies for Effective Research Partnerships 129
Authors: Sarah Bowen, Ian D. Graham, and Ingrid Botting

Background/Introduction 130

How Should Organizations Respond to Expectations of Research Partnership? 132
Before Beginning to Plan for “Research Partnerships:” Clarifying the Concepts of “Partnership” and “Research” 132
First Things First: Preparing to Become a Research Partner 134

Developing Shared Understanding 134

Determining Current Organizational Position 136

Assessing Organizational Readiness 139

Building a Strong Foundation 140

From Principles to Action - Next Steps in Developing Research Partnerships 142
Creating a Health System/Academic Interface 143
Embedding Research Capacity within the Organization 146

Planning for Implementation and Evaluation 146

Future Research 147

Conclusion 147

References 147

Chapter 3.5 Managing Academic-Health Service Partnerships 151
Authors: Alison M. Hutchinson, Cheyne Chalmers, Katrina Nankervis, and Nicole (Nikki) Phillips

Introduction 152

Background 153

How to Manage Partnerships During the Research Process 154
Experiential Knowledge of Managing a Partnership 156

How to Sustain Partnerships 159
Experiential Knowledge of Sustaining a Partnership 159

How to Assess the Sustainability of Partnerships 161
Assessing the Sustainability of Our Partnership 162

Barriers/Facilitators and Strategies to Overcome Them 163

Implications for the Practice of Research Coproduction 165

Future Research 165

Conclusion 166

References 166

Chapter 4 Grant-Writing, Dissemination, and Evaluation 169

Chapter 4.1 Writing a Research Coproduction Grant Proposal 169
Authors: Ian D. Graham, Chris McCutcheon, Jo Rycroft-Malone, and Anita Kothari

Background 170

So What Does It Take to Write a Successful Coproduction Research Grant Proposal? 171
General Advice on Writing a Grant Proposal 171
Coproduction Grant Proposal Writing Advice 173
Tips on Writing Coproduction Research Grant Proposals 179

Preconditions that Lead to a Successful Proposal Development - the Relationship and Preparatory Work 180
Proposal Elements 181
Tips for Researchers on Working with Knowledge Users During and After Proposal Writing 183
Tips for Knowledge Users Working with Researchers During and After Proposal Writing 185

Future Research 186

Conclusion 186

References 187

Appendix 4.1.A. CIHR advice on knowledgeuser letters of support - a quick reference 189

Appendix 4.1.B. Applicant and reviewer coproduction research proposal checklist 190

Chapter 4.2 Coproduced Dissemination 192
Authors: Chris McCutcheon, Anita Kothari, Ian D. Graham, and Jo Rycroft-Malone

Background 193

What Is Coproduced Dissemination? 193

Coproduced Dissemination: What Is Known from the Literature? 194
Compatibility of Coproduction and Dissemination 195
Knowledge Exchange 196
Guidance on Dissemination Planning 196
Judicious Knowledge Translation 197

Dissemination Planning at the Grant Proposal Stage 198

From Research to Dissemination 199

The Steps of Coproduced Dissemination Planning 200
Set Dissemination Goals 201
Assess Resources 201
Identify and Learn about Your Audience(s) 202
Develop Key Messages 203
Select Dissemination Strategies 203
Determine What Expertise Is Needed 204
Evaluate 204

Future Research 205

Conclusion 205

References 205

Chapter 4.3 Evaluating Coproduction Research: Research Quality Plus for Coproduction (RQ+ 4 Co-Pro) 210
Authors: Robert K.D. McLean, Ian D. Graham, and Fred Carden

Introduction 211
Roadmap 212

Overview of the Research Evaluation Landscape 212
Research Evaluation at Large 213
Challenges for Research Coproduction Evaluation 214

Deliberative Paradigm - Coproduction Limitations? 214

Analytic Paradigm - Coproduction Limitations? 214

RIA Paradigm - Coproduction Limitations? 214

The Research Quality Plus (RQ+) Approach and the Novel Research Quality Plus for Coproduction (RQ+ 4 Co-Pro) Framework 217
Three Tenets of the Research Quality Plus (RQ+) Approach 218

Tenet 1 - Context Matters 218

Why Does This Matter for Coproduction? 218

Tenet 2 - Research Quality is Multi-dimensional 218

Why Does This Matter for Coproduction? 219

Tenet 3 - Judgement of Research Quality Must Be Grounded in Empirical Evidence and Its Systematic and Transparent Appraisal 219
The Research Quality Plus for Coproduction (RQ+ 4 Co-Pro) Framework 219
Contextual Factors 221

Knowledge Use Environment 221

Research Environment 221

Capacities for Coproduction 222
Quality Dimensions and Sub-Dimensions 222

Scientific Rigor 223

Research Legitimacy 224

Positioning for Use 225
Empirical Evidence and Systematic Appraisal 226
How, When, and By Whom Might RQ+ 4
Co-Pro Be Applied? 226

Putting the Framework Into Action 226
Field test 226
Join Us 229

References 229

Chapter 5 Capacity-Building and Infrastructure 233

Chapter 5.1 Researcher Coproduction Competencies and Incentives 233
Authors: Christopher R. Burton and Tone Elin Mekki

Introduction 234

Guiding Frameworks 234
Research Competence 235
Transferable Skills 235
Working with Stakeholders 236
Creating Impact 237

European Implementation Science Education Network 238
Knowledge-Related Competencies 239
Skill-Related Competencies 240
Attitude-Related Competencies 242

Developing Research Coproduction Competencies 244

Conclusion 245

Future Research 246

References 246

Chapter 5.2 Trainees and Research Coproduction 249
Authors: Christine Cassidy, Emily Ramage, Sandy Steinwender, and Shauna Best

Introduction 250

Trainees and Research Coproduction: What Is Known from the Literature? 251
Types of Knowledge Users and Research Context 251
Research Coproduction Approach 251
Barriers and Challenges 252
Facilitators 252
Impact/Outcome of Partnerships 252
Implications and Recommendations from the Literature 253

Trainee Research Coproduction Experience 253
Rewards and Benefits 254

Experiential Learning Opportunity 254

Relevant and Useful Research Findings 254

Advance Research Partnerships 255
Expectations vs. Reality 255

Partnership Structure and Function 255

Engagement 256

Unpredictability 257
Barriers and Facilitators 257

Team Structure and Decision-Making 257

Time and Resources 258

Meeting Knowledge User Needs 259

Considerations for the Development of Research Coproduction Skills 259
Learning 260
Doing 261
Becoming 261
Training Programs 262

Implications for the Practice of Research Coproduction 262

Future Research 266
Training Preparation for Research Coproduction 266
Build the Empirical Knowledge Base on Research Coproduction 266

Conclusion 267

References 267

Chapter 5.3 The Role of Funders 271
Authors: Bev Holmes and Chonnettia Jones

Introduction 271

Setting the Scene: Funders and Their Role in the Use of Evidence 272

Funders and Coproduction in the Literature 274

Coproduction in Action - Examples of Funders’ Activities 275
Research in Action | Stakeholder Engagement 276

International Development Research Centre, Canada 276
Evidence Leaders in Africa | Policymaking 277
Coordinating Center | Research Partnerships 278
Evidence for Action | Evidence of What Works 279
INVOLVE | Public and Patient Involvement 280

Discussion 280
Funders in Coproduction: General Considerations 281
Internally Focused Funder Processes to Support Coproduction 281
Externally Facing Systems-Level Activities to Enable Coproduction 283

Future Research 284

Conclusion 285

References 285

Chapter 6 Building Blocks for Research Coproduction: Reflections and Implications 290
Authors: Jo Rycroft-Malone, Ian D. Graham, Anita Kothari, and Chris McCutcheon

Introduction 290

Research Coproduction: A Principles-Based Approach 291

Stakeholders: An Inclusive and Flexible Approach 292

Meaningful Partnership: Essential Ingredients 293

System Architecture: The Context of Research Coproduction 295

Supporting People’s Capability for Research Coproduction 297

Building Systems Capabilities for Research Coproduction 299

Judicious Coproduction 299

Closing Thoughts 300

References 301

Index 303

Authors

Ian D. Graham University of Ottawa, Canada. Jo Rycroft-Malone Bangor University. Anita Kothari Chris McCutcheon