Inflammation triggers specific metabolic pathways and if not resolved, translates into several painful diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, Alzheimer’s disease, cardiovascular disorders and psoriasis. Various processes have been explored to understand the factors behind inflammation and consequently, many mechanisms have been examined to suppress it. The nucleotide-binding domain like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an example of such factors which is responsible for triggering sterile and microbe induced inflammation. Studies of genetic variants of the related gene have revealed insights into the mRNA expression pathways that may help researchers to identify crucial disease mechanisms.
This book is a review of the scientific findings of distinguished scholars who have studied NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its contribution in worsening the outcomes of inflammatory disorders.
This collection of chapters covers many aspects of the multifaceted role of NLRP3 inflammasome. Beginning with airway inflammation and fibrosis, it progresses to explore its involvement in pulmonary hypertension, heart diseases, tuberculosis, cardiovascular complications, and childhood asthma. Additionally, it examines the inflammasome's impact on protozoan parasitic infections and neuropathic pain. The chapters not only elucidate the intricate mechanisms of NLRP3 activation but also discuss potential inhibitors and therapeutic targets. Readers will gain a comprehensive understanding of the NLRP3 inflammasome's diverse implications across different physiological contexts. The book includes references making this book a valuable treatise of insights for researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals.
This book is a review of the scientific findings of distinguished scholars who have studied NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its contribution in worsening the outcomes of inflammatory disorders.
This collection of chapters covers many aspects of the multifaceted role of NLRP3 inflammasome. Beginning with airway inflammation and fibrosis, it progresses to explore its involvement in pulmonary hypertension, heart diseases, tuberculosis, cardiovascular complications, and childhood asthma. Additionally, it examines the inflammasome's impact on protozoan parasitic infections and neuropathic pain. The chapters not only elucidate the intricate mechanisms of NLRP3 activation but also discuss potential inhibitors and therapeutic targets. Readers will gain a comprehensive understanding of the NLRP3 inflammasome's diverse implications across different physiological contexts. The book includes references making this book a valuable treatise of insights for researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals.
Readership
Researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals.Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 ROLE OF NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME IN AIRWAY INFLAMMATION AND- FIBROSIS
- Anju Jaiswal, Asha Kumari and Rashmi Singh
- INTRODUCTION
- INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM AND PATTERN RECOGNITION RECEPTORS (PPRs)
- LPS INDUCED RESPIRATORY DISEASES
- LPS Induced Asthmatic Exacerbations
- Inflammasome: An Important Aspect of Innate Immune System
- Activation Mechanism of the NLRP3 Inflammasome
- NLRP3 Inflammasome and Airway Inflammation
- Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Chronic Airway Inflammation
- Airway Fibrosis
- Immunomodulation
- CURCUMIN AS IMMUNOMODULATORY AGENT
- CONCLUDING REMARKS
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- REFERENCES
- HYPERTENSION
- Sushweta Mahalanobish, Noyel Ghosh and Parames C. Sil
- INTRODUCTION
- Overview of NLRP3 Inflammasome
- Effectors of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation
- Oxidative Stress and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
- Lysosomal Activity
- Fluctuation of Ion Concentration
- Multistep Regulatory Mechanism of NLRP3 Inflammasome
- Transcriptional Regulation
- Post-transcriptional Regulation
- Post-translational Alteration
- Role of Inflammation in PH
- Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Pulmonary Hypertension Onset
- Targeting NLRP3 for Pulmonary Hypertension Prevention
- Role of Synthetic Inhibitors
- Role of Natural Inhibitors
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
- DISEASES: “AN ENIGMA WRAPPED IN A RIDDLE”
- Anchal Arora, Ravinder Sharma, Navjot Kanwar, Vikas Gupta, Gunpreet Kaur,
- Parveen Bansal and Abhinav Kanwal
- INTRODUCTION
- TRIGGERING OF NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME
- Ionic Flux/ Ionic Activation
- K+ Efflux
- Ca2+ Mobilization
- Na+ Influx and Cl- Efflux
- Reactive Oxygen Species
- Mitochondrial Dysfunction
- Lysosomal Damage
- ACTIVATION PROCESS OF NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME VIA CANONICAL AND NON-
- CANONICAL PATHWAYS
- ROLE OF NRLP3 INFLAMMASOME IN VARIOUS AILMENTS
- NLRP3 Inflammasome in Heart Failure
- NLRP3 Inflammasome in Dilated Cardiomyopathy
- NLRP3 Inflammasome in Hypertension
- NLRP3 Inflammasome in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
- NLRP3 Inflammasome in Atherosclerosis
- NLRP3 Inflammasome in Cardiac Remodelling
- MODULATION OF INFLAMMASOME
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
- Monika Joon and Manisha Yadav
- INTRODUCTION
- The Causative Organism, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (Mtb)
- Peculiar Cell Wall Structure
- Protein Secretion Systems
- The Dormancy Survival Eegulon (Dos)
- TB Pathogenesis
- Host Innate Immune Components
- Inflammasome
- Membrane-bound PRR
- Intracellular PRRs
- Sensor
- Adaptor
- Effector (caspase-1 or 11)
- Pyroptosis
- Role of IL-1β in Host Immunity against Mtb: Goldilocks Principle
- Protective Role
- Detrimental Role
- Inflammasomes and Tb: A Complex Relationship
- NLRP3-inflammasome and Mtb
- Absent in Melanoma 2-Inflammasome and Mtb
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
- COMPLICATIONS AND UPDATE ON ITS INHIBITORS ACTING AS
- CARDIOPROTECTIVE AGENTS
- Syed Ehtaishamul Haque, Aamir Khan and Ashif Iqubal
- INTRODUCTION
- Structure of NLRP3 Inflammasome
- Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome
- The Lysosomal Damage Mediating NLRP3 Activation
- K+ Efflux Mobilization-Mediated Activation Pathway
- Ca2+ Mobilization Mediated NLRP3 Activation
- Na+ And Cl- Efflux Mediated NLRP3 Activation
- ROS-Mediated Activation Pathway
- Mechanisms and Role of NLRP3 Activation in Cardiovascular Diseases
- Association Between NLRP3 Inflammasomes and Coronary Heart Diseases
- Association Between NLRP3 Inflammasome and Myocardial Ischemia
- The Association Between NLRP3 Inflammasome, Heart Failure and Arrhythmia
- The Association Between NLRP3 Inflammasome and Cardiac Fibrosis
- The Association Between NLRP3 Inflammasome and Cardiac Hypertrophy
- NLRP3 Inhibitors: New Therapies Related to the NLRP3 Inflammasome
- MCC950
- Glyburide, JC-124 and 16673-34-0
- Bay 11-7082 and INF4E
- OLT1177 and CY-09
- Tranilast and Colchicine
- DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- REFERENCES
- Sonal Yadav, Harpreet Kaur, Rakesh Singh Dhanda and Manisha Yadav
- INTRODUCTION
- Structure and Function of NOD-like Receptor 3 (NLRP3)
- Activation of NLRP3 and its Signaling Cascade
- Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis
- NLRP3 AND PARASITIC PROTOZOAN INFECTION
- Giardiasis
- Amebiasis
- Trichomoniasis
- Leishmaniasis
- Toxoplasmosis
- Malaria
- Trypanosomiasis
- Schistosomiasis
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
- INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
- Adekunle Babajide Rowaiye, Oni Solomon Oluwasunmibare, Umar Suleiman
- Abubakar, Priscilla Aondona, Lorretha Chinonye Emenyeonu and Tarimoboere
- Agbalalah
- INTRODUCTION
- NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation
- INHIBITORS OF THE NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME
- Natural Product Inhibitors of NLRP3 Inflammasomes
- Flavonoids
- Casticin
- Isoliquiritigenin
- Quercetin
- Pelargonidin
- Alkaloids
- Lycorine
- Tetramethylpyrazine
- Berberine
- Coptisine
- Terpenes or Terpenoids
- Parthenolide
- Oridonin
- Artemisinin
- Sweroside
- Triptolide
- Other Terpenoids
- SMALL MOLECULE DRUGS
- Inhibitors of NLRP3-ATPase Activity
- MCC950
- Glitazone
- Dapansutrile (OLT1177)
- INF39
- Tranilast
- Inhibitors of Caspase 1
- Inhibitors of K+ ATP Channels
- Inhibitors Formation of TXNIP-NLRP3 Complex
- Imipramine
- Verapamil
- Inhibitors of ASC Oligomerization
- 16673-34-0
- Inhibitors of GSDMD
- Disulfiram
- Others
- Direct Inhibitors of NLRP3
- Ibrutinib
- Peptides, Peptidomimetic Drugs, and Proteins that Inhibit the NLRP3 Inflammasome
- Pathway
- Peptides
- Fasciola hepatica-Derived Molecule-1 (FhHDM-1)
- Gly-Pro-Ala (GPA)
- ASCPYD/H2-H3
- Phoenixin-14
- Adiponectin Peptide (APNp)
- GW-A2
- Other Peptides
- Peptidomimetics
- Exogenous Proteins
- Endogenous NLRP3 Inhibitors
- β-hydroxybutyrate
- Dopamine
- Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP)
- Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)
- A20
- Spermatogenesis-Associated Protein 2 (Spata2)
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
Author
- Puneetpal Singh
