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Making Global Self-Regulation Effective in Developing Countries


Description: As companies go global they increasingly use factories and facilities spread across the world. But who regulates their activities in far flung corners of the world economy? The chapters in this volume evaluate the effectiveness of self-regulation compared to other forms of global regulation.

As companies go global they increasingly use factories and facilities spread across the world. But who regulates their activities in far flung corners of the world economy? In many sectors such as textiles and apparel, chemicals, and forestry, the answer is that companies regulate their own behaviour through codes and standards which they agree among themselves. The recent growth in corporate self-regulation of labour, environmental and financial practices has attracted the attention of scholars who have detailed the number and content of self-regulatory efforts in various sectors. Missing so far, however, has been an analysis of the effectiveness and impact of self-regulation. Does self-regulation actually work and under what conditions is it most likely to be effective? The answer to this question is particularly important for developing countries where corporate self-regulation is often seen as substitute for weak governance structures.

The chapters in this volume evaluate the effectiveness of self-regulation compared to other forms of global regulation. Across sectors and states, corporate self-regulation works best when those who are regulated have a voice in deciding the content of codes and standards and when some mechanism of compliance exists at the level of the state. Unfortunately, opportunities for voice and state capacity for regulation are often lacking in developing countries. Given this, the book suggests some minimal forms of government action and participation by global actors that can make global corporate self-regulation more effective in bettering conditions in the developing world.

About the Author

Dana L. Brown is University Lecturer in International Business at the Said Business School and the Clore Fellow of Management at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford University.
Ngaire Woods is Director of the Global Economic Governance Programme at Oxford University which was established in 2003 to conduct research into how global economic institutions could better meet the needs of people in developing countries. She is also Dean of Graduates and Fellow in Politics and International Relations at University College. Her most recent book is The Globalizers: the IMF, the World Bank and their borrowers (2006). She has served as an External Evaluator to the IMF Board (2005-6), and as Adviser to the UNDPs Human Development Report (2002-2006).


Contents: List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Contributors
Introduction

Dana L. Brown and Ngaire Woods
1. Making Corporate Self-Regulation Effective in Developing Countries
David Graham and Ngaire Woods

2. Do Voluntary Standards Work Among Governments? The Experience of International Financial Standards in East Asia
Andrew Walter

3. Do Voluntary Standards Work Among Corporations? The Experience of the Chemicals Industry
Michael Lenox

4. Making Disclosure Work Better: The Experience of Investor-Driven Environmental Disclosure
Robert Repetto

5. Bringing in Social Actors: Accountability and Regulation in the Global Textiles and Apparel Industry
Dara O’Rourke

6. Responsive Regulation and Developing Economies
John Braithwaite

7. Using International Institutions to Enhance Self-Regulation: The Case of Labor Rights in Cambodia
Sandra Polaski

8. Local Politics and the Regulation of Global Water Suppliers in South Africa
Bronwen Morgan

9. Self-Regulation in a World of States
Dana L. Brown

Index

List of Figures
2.1. Private sector compliance costs and third-party monitoring costs
4.1. Oil and gas company exposures
4.2. Three-pollutant cap-and-trade, permits grandfathered
4.3. Four-pollutant cap-and-trade, announced carbon, permits grandfathered
4.4. Four-pollutant cap-and-trade, carbon later, permits grandfathered
6.1. Toward an integration of restorative, deterrent, and incapacitative justice
6.2. A responsive regulatory pyramid for a developing economy to escalate the networking of regulatory governance
6.3. Regulatory pyramid for a developing country human rights NGO seeking to escalate networked regulation for human rights
6.4. A network of governance in which just two nodal actors have a capacity to escalate networked regulation
7.1. Reinspected factories: response to ILO suggestions
7.2. Incidence and remediation of wage problems
8.1. Private sector participation in water: South Africa

List of Tables
2.1. Key international standards and codes
2.2. Summary of BCBS core principles for effective banking supervision (September 1997)
2.3. Compliance with SDDS and adoption of IAS/US GAAP, end 2003
2.4. SDDS subscription, posting and compliance dates, selected countries and groups
2.5. Basle CARs in selected Asian countries and the USA, 2003
3.1. Typology of stakeholder responses to environmental externalities
3.2. Typology of self-regulatory strategies
4.1. Probability of a reduction in company shareholder value by more than 10% or 5%




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