Contents:

PART 1 OVERVIEW AND CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE ‘Light’ industry: an introduction to laser processing and its industrial applications W M Steen, University of Liverpool, UK - What is a laser? - Interaction of optical energy with matter - Characteristics of optical energy - Range of current industrial applications - Future trends - References and further reading The challenges ahead for laser macro, micro, and nano manufacturing L Li, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Manchester, UK - Introduction - Laser cutting - Laser welding - Laser drilling - Laser surface engineering - Additive multiple layer manufacturing - Micro/nano fabrication - Fundamental beam/material interactions and process modelling - Laser systems - Conclusion - References PART 2 LASER CUTTING AND MACHINING Laser fusion cutting of difficult materials A Riveiro, F Quintero and J Pou, University of Vigo, Spain - Introduction - Principles involved in fusion laser cutting - Experiences in laser cutting of difficult materials - Attempts to improve cutting process - Conclusion - Acknowledgements - References Laser-assisted glass cleaving Y-L Kuo and J Lin, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan - Introduction - The multiple laser system - Numerical simulation - Numerical results and discussions - The crack propagation in laser cleaving - Conclusions - Acknowledgements - References and further reading Laser dicing of silicon and electronics substrates H Y Zheng, X C Wang and Z K Wang, Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech), Singapore - Introduction - Laser machining of silicon: an overview of the cutting process - Conventional laser dicing of silicon wafer - Other laser dicing techniques - Laser-silicon interaction - Laser processing of printed circuit board (PCB) substrates - Conclusion - References Laser machining of carbon fibre-reinforced plastic composites Z L Li, P L Chu, H Y Zheng and G C Lim, Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech), Singapore and L Li, R Negarestani and M Sheikh, University of Manchester, UK - Introduction - Laser-FRP composite interaction - Investigation of UV laser machining of carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) - Modeling of UV laser cutting/machining of carbon fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) materials - Conclusion and future trends - References PART 3 LASER WELDING Understanding and improving process control in pulsed and continuous wave laser welding S Katayama, Osaka University, Japan - Introduction - Laser spot welding results, and formation mechanisms and suppression procedures of welding defects - Continuous wave (CW) laser welding results, and formation mechanisms and suppression procedures of welding defects - Conclusion - References Physical mechanisms controlling keyhole and melt pool dynamics during laser welding R Fabbro, LALP (CNRS)/GIP GERAILP, France - Introduction - Keyhole formation and dynamics - Melt pool dynamics - Discussion - Conclusion - References - List of symbols Laser microspot welding in electronics production M Schmidt and I Mys, Bayerisches Laserzentrum Gmbh, Germany - Introduction - State of the art - Micro welding of copper and aluminium - Reliability of Cu-Al welded joints - Conclusion - References Enhancing laser welding capabilities by hybridization or combination with other processes D Petring, Fraunhofer Institute for Lasertechnolgy (ILT), Germany - Introduction - Advances by hybrid welding with laser and arc - Advances by combination of laser welding and laser cutting - Future trends - References PART 4 LASER ANNEALING AND HARDENING Laser transformation hardening of steel S Bonß, Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology (IWS), Germany - Transformation hardening of steel - Process monitoring - Low-cost camera-based process monitoring - Process control - Gas influence - Beam shaping - Simultaneous laser heat treatment - Production systems - References Pulsed laser annealing technology for nanoscale fabrication of silicon-based devices in semiconductors K L Pey and P S Lee, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore - Introduction - Laser induced formation of p/n junction - Laser induced formation of silicide - Conclusion and future trends - References PART 5 SURFACE TREATMENT, COATING AND MATERIALS DEPOSITION USING LASERS The laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) technique for micro-printing P Serra, M Duocastella, J M Fernandez-Pradas and J L Morenza, University of Barcelona, Spain - Introduction: laser direct-writing techniques - Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) of solid films - Microprinting of complex materials through (LIFT) - Other laser forward transfer techniques - Conclusion - Acknowledgements - References Production of biomaterial coatings by laser-assisted processes J Pou, F Lusquiños, R Comesaña and M Boutinguiza, University of Vigo, Spain - Introduction - The laser way to produce coatings - Pulsed laser deposition of bioceramics - Laser cladding of bioceramics - Conclusions - Acknowledgements - References Thick metallic coatings by coaxial and side laser cladding: processing and properties V Ocelik and J T M De Hosson, University of Groningen, The Netherlands - Introduction - Coaxial laser cladding geometry and theoretical calculations - Experimental on coaxial and side cladding processes - Statistical relations between processing parameters and laser track geometry - Microstructural characteristics and properties of thick metallic coatings - Conclusion - Acknowledgements - References PART 6 LASER RAPID MANUFACTURING AND NET-SHAPE ENGINEERING Laser direct metal deposition: theory and applications in manufacturing and maintenance A Pinkerton, University of Manchester, UK - Introduction to laser direct metal deposition - Process parameter relationships - Mass and power delivery to the melt pool - Melt pool processes - Process application and apparatus - Conclusion - Acknowledgements - References Laser consolidation: a rapid manufacturing process for making net-shape functional components L Xue, National Research Council of Canada (NRC), Canada - Introduction - Process description - Microstructure and mechanical properties of laser-consolidated (LC) materials - Case studies of various industrial applications - Future trends - Acknowledgements - References Advances in laser-induced plastic deformation processes A J Birnbaum, S Vukelic and Y Lawrence Yao, Columbia University, USA - Introduction - Laser forming - Advances in understanding - Laser shock peening - Laser peen forming - References PART 7 LASER MICRO- AND NANO-FABRICATION Laser ablation C Dowding, Loughborough University, UK - Ablation: a broad term - Issues arising from debris in laser micromachining - Methods of examining ablation mechanisms - Ablation product trajectory - Size and form of ablation products - Increasing machining efficiency and quality - Pulsed laser ablation in gasses - Liquid confined ablation - Laser beam plume shielding contributions - Applications of liquid immersed solid ablation - Liquid application for the function of debris control - Beam shape debris deposition dependency in gaseous media - General impact of closed thick film flowing filtered water immersion on laser ablation machining - Impact of flow velocity on laser ablation machining - References Laser micro/nano-fabrication techniques and their applications in electronics Y Cao, X Zeng, Z Cai and J Duan, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China - Definition and basic features of laser micro-fabrication - Laser micro-fabrication as a subtractive process - Laser micro-fabrication for additive processing - Laser-micro cladding technique - Laser-micro welding, bonding and forming - Conclusion - References Laser processing of direct-write nano-sized materials O F Swenson and V Marinov, Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, USA - Introduction - Direct write deposition of nano-sized materials - Background of nano-sized materials sintering - Laser sintering of direct write nano-sized materials - Future trends - Sources of further information and advice - Acknowledgements - References Micro- and nano-parts generated by laser-based solid freeform fabrication A Ostendorf, Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, A Neumeister, S Passinger and S Dudziak, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Germany and J Stampfl, Technische Universitat Wien, Austria - Introduction - Manufacturing based on photopolymerisation - Materials for MSL and TPP - Manufacturing based on sintering, melting and cladding - Materials for micro sintering, melting and cladding - Conclusion - References Laser-assisted additive fabrication of micro-sized coatings H Alemohammad and E Toyserkani, University of Waterloo, Canada - Introduction - Laser-based technologies for additive manufacturing of micro-sized coatings - Case studies - Conclusion - References PART 8 MATHEMATICAL MODELLING AND CONTROL OF LASER PROCESSES Multiphysics modelling laser solid freeform fabrication techniques M Alimardani, C P Paul, E Toyserkani and A Khajpour, University of Waterloo, Canada - Introduction - Physics of laser solid freeform fabrication (LSFF) - Multi-physics modelling of LSFF processes - A numerical multi-physics modelling – a case study - Conclusion - References Process control of laser materials processing R T Deam, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia - Introduction - Theory - Experiments - Experimental results - Discussion - Conclusions - Acknowledgements - References

Author

Dr Jonathan Lawrence is a Senior Lecturer in the Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering at Loughborough University, UK. Dr Juan Pou is Professor of Applied Physics at the University of Vigo, Spain. Dr David K. Y. Low is the Head of the Process Technology Research Centre within the Advanced Technology Centre in Rolls-Royce Singapore Pte Ltd. Dr Ehsan Toyserkani is an Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering at the University of Waterloo, Canada.