+353-1-416-8900REST OF WORLD
+44-20-3973-8888REST OF WORLD
1-917-300-0470EAST COAST U.S
1-800-526-8630U.S. (TOLL FREE)

Role of Wireless ICT in Healthcare: M2M, WBAN and Underlying Technologies: Standardization, Trends and Markets 2021

  • PDF Icon

    Report

  • 191 Pages
  • September 2021
  • Region: Global
  • PracTel Inc
  • ID: 5417348

This report reviews, updates and extends the publisher'ss M2M/IoT project that has been launched a couple of years ago. In particular, it concentrates on the fast-growing healthcare and related to healthcare segments of M2M/IoT communications.

Ambient Intelligence is a vision where the environment becomes smart, friendly, context-aware and responsive to any type of human needs. In such a world, computing and networking technology coexist with people in a ubiquitous, friendly and pervasive way. Numerous miniature and interconnected smart devices create new intelligence and interact with each other seamlessly. For healthcare, this translates into the proliferation of remote monitoring and telemedicine supported by M2M/IoT networking.

The report addresses recent advances in wireless communications technologies for medical/fitness applications.


In particular, it analyzes the following related developments:

  • Status of M2M standardization, market and development in general and specifically for medical/wellness applications
  • Development and standardization of the Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) and Medical Body Area Network (WMBAN), including the specifics of their market.

Underlying technologies:

  • Bluetooth and its Medical Profile 
  • ZigBee and its Medical Profile
  • Wi-Fi low-power consumption technology
  • Z-Wave 
  • Self-powered wireless sensors 
  • Continua Health Care Alliance activities in the selection of WICT for healthcare 
  • Survey of related industries
  • Estimate of related market segments.

The report emphasizes the necessity of further proliferation of standardized wireless communications in medicine and wellness to reduce the cost and enhance the quality of services.

It also includes the survey of patents related to the discussed subjects.

The report is written for service providers, IT departments of hospitals and other medical organizations, retail operators, vendors, network operators and managers, investors and end-users seeking to gain a deeper understanding of new trends in wireless communications medical/wellness applications.

For systems integrators, the report provides an analysis and assessment of competing products currently available as well as an estimation of the overall opportunities in the coming years.


Table of Contents

1. Introduction
1.1 General
1.2 Scope
1.2.1 Choices
1.3 Status
1.4 Requirements
1.5 WBAN - WMBAN
1.6 Bluetooth
1.7 ZigBee
1.8 Wi-Fi
1.9 Demand
1.10 Crisis
1.11 Focus
1.12 Research Methodology
1.13 Target Audience

2. WBAN/WMBAN - Features and Standardization
2.1 General
2.2 Reasons
2.3 Definition
2.3.1 Structure
2.4 Overview
2.4.1 WBAN Requirements
2.5 Groups
2.5.1 By Application
2.5.2 By Transmission Medium
2.5.3 By Number of Nodes
2.5.4 By Environment
2.5.5 By Radio Type
2.5.6 By Place
2.5.7 By Response
2.5.8 By User Condition
2.5.9 By Frequency Spectrum
2.6 FCC Regulations-Frequency Spectrum
2.7 Standardization
2.7.1 General
2.7.2 IEEE 802.15.6
2.7.2.1 Scope
2.7.2.2 Status
2.7.2.3 Structure
2.7.2.4 Major Characteristics
2.7.2.4.1 Specifics
2.7.2.4.2 Overview
2.7.2.4.2.1 Technology Characterization
2.7.2.5 IEEE 802.15.6: Major Points
2.7.2.5.1 Areas of Applications
2.7.2.5.2 Physical Layers
2.7.2.5.2.1 Narrow Band
2.7.2.5.2.2 UWB PHY
2.7.2.5.2.3 HBC PHY
2.7.2.5.3 MAC
2.7.2.5.4 Security
2.7.2.5.5 Power Savings
2.7.2.6 Summary
2.7.3 IEEE 802.15.4j - Medical BAN (MBAN)
2.7.3.1 Scope
2.7.3.2 Differences
2.7.3.3 Timeline
2.7.3.4 Characteristics
2.7.3.4.1 Spectrum and Channel Plan
2.7.3.4.2 Major Parameters
2.7.3.5 Benefits
2.7.4 ISO/IEEE 11073 - Personal Health Data
2.7.4.1 Family
2.7.4.2 IEEE 11073 Scope
2.8 Market Considerations
2.9 ETSI eHealth
2.9.1 Scope
2.9.2 ETSI TR 101 557 V1.1.1 (2012-02) - MBANS
2.9.2.1 General
2.9.2.2 ETSI - MBANS
2.9.2.3 Market Characteristics
2.9.2.4 Technical Details
2.10 Major WBAN Applications
2.10.1 Healthcare
2.10.2 Wellness
2.10.3 First Responders and Military
2.11 Industry


  • AirStrip Technologies
  • GE
  • Intel
  • Medtronic
  • Nokia
  • Siemens
  • Sotera Wireless
  • Sensium
  • Vivago
  • VitaMove

2.12 Summary: WBAN Current and Future Trends

3. Underlying Technologies
3.1 IEEE 802.15.1 (Bluetooth-BT)
3.1.1 BT Protocol Stack
3.1.1.1 Transport layer
3.1.1.1.1 Radio Layer
3.1.1.1.2 Baseband and Link Manager Layers
3.1.1.2 Middleware Layer
3.1.2 Profiles
3.1.3 Power Consumption - ULP/BLE
3.1.4 Health Device Profile
3.1.4.1 IEEE 11073 and BT
3.1.5 Highlights
3.1.5.1 The Standard:
3.1.5.2 The Technology:
3.1.6 Evolution
3.1.6.1 BT v2.1
3.1.6.2 BT v3.0
3.1.6.3 BT v4.0 and Further Development
3.1.6.4 BT v5.0, v5.1 and v5.2
3.1.7 Market Estimate
3.1.8 BT Industry-HDP


  • Cambridge Consultants
  • Continua (now part of PCHA)
  • Laird Technologies
  • Nonin
  • Nordic Semiconductor
  • Silicon Labs

3.2 ZigBee
3.2.1 General
3.2.2 Technology
3.2.2.1 Major Features
3.2.3 Device Types
3.2.4 Protocol Stack
3.2.4.1 Physical and MAC Layers - IEEE802.15.4
3.2.4.1.1 Frame
3.2.4.2 Upper Layers
3.2.4.2.1 Network Layer Responsibilities
3.2.4.2.2 Application Layer
3.2.5 Interoperability
3.2.6 Security
3.2.7 Platform Considerations
3.2.7.1 Battery Life
3.2.8 ZigBee Technology Benefits and Limitations
3.2.9 Standardization Process
3.2.9.1 ZigBee Alliance
3.2.9.1.1 Objectives
3.2.9.2 IEEE 802.15.4-2015 and ZigBee
3.2.9.2.1 IEEE 802.15.4 Radio
3.2.10 Applications Specifics
3.2.10.1 Personal, Home and Hospital Care (PHHC) Profile -ZigBee Healthcare
3.2.10.1.1 Objectives
3.2.10.1.2 Details
3.2.10.1.3 Use Cases
3.2.11 Market
3.2.11.1 Segments
3.2.11.2 Forecast
3.2.12 Industry


  • CEL (modules)
  • Digi (Radio, Medical Application)
  • Lamprey Networks, Inc. (LNI)
  • Microchip
  • NXP
  • Philips Applied Technologies (Healthcare)
  • Renesas (Platforms)
  • Silicon Laboratories (Chipsets, Modules, Medical)
  • Synapse (Modules, Protocols)
  • TI (Chipsets)
  • Qorvo (Modules)

3.3 Low-power Consumption Wi-Fi
3.3.1 General
3.3.2 802.11ah (Wi-Fi HaLow)
3.3.2.1 Standard
3.3.2.2 Goal and Schedule
3.3.2.3 Attributes
3.3.2.4 Use Cases
3.3.2.5 PHY
3.3.2.5.1 Bandwidth
3.3.2.5.2 Channelization
3.3.2.5.3 Transmission Modes and MIMO
3.3.2.6 MAC Layer
3.3.3 Summary
3.3.4 Marketing Data
3.3.5 Industry


  • Microchip
  • Morse Micro
  • Newracom-Aviacomm
  • Orca Systems
  • Telit (former GainSpan)

3.4 Z-Wave
3.4.1 General
3.4.2 Z-Wave Alliance
3.4.3 Benefits
3.4.4 Details
3.4.4.1 Background
3.4.4.2 Characteristics
3.4.4.3 G.9959
3.4.5 Advanced Energy Control Framework
3.4.5.1 Further Enhancements
3.4.6 Selected Vendors


  • Aeon Labs-Aeotec
  • NorthQ
  • Vera Control

3.4.7 Market Estimate
3.4.7.1 Model
3.4.7.2 Results
3.5 Selection - Continua Health Alliance
3.5.1 General
3.5.2 Continua Design Guidelines (CDG)

4. Self-powered Wireless Sensors
4.1 Methods
4.2 Batteries
4.3 Power Harvesting Technologies
4.3.1 Nodes
4.3.2 Energy Sources
4.3.2.1 General
4.3.2.1.1 Solar Energy
4.3.2.1.2 Thermoelectric
4.3.2.1.3 Mechanical
4.3.2.1.4 RF Power
4.3.2.2 Summary
4.4 Green Technologies Features and Requirements

5. Medical WICT and M2M Communications
5.1 M2M Specifics
5.1.1 Definition and Process
5.1.2 Statistics
5.1.3 Properties
5.1.4 P2P and M2M
5.1.5 Choices
5.1.5.1 Cellular
5.1.5.2 Short-range
5.1.5.3 Open Standard
5.1.6 Challenges
5.1.7 Advances
5.1.7.1 Examples
5.2 M2M Standardization
5.2.1 Health Care Specifics
5.2.2 OneM2M Alliance
5.2.2.1 Varieties
5.2.2.2 Service Layer Architecture
5.2.2.3 Benefits
5.2.2.4 oneM2M Standards
5.2.3 M2M Alliance
5.2.4 Open Mobile Alliance (OMA)
5.2.5 ETSI
5.2.5.1 Efforts
5.2.5.2 Architecture
5.2.5.3 Use Case-Healthcare
5.2.6 ITU
5.2.6.1 ITU-T Focus Group - Healthcare
5.2.7 Global M2M Association (GMA)
5.2.8 IETF and IP/WSN
5.2.8.1 Major Projects
5.2.8.1.1 6LoWPAN WG
5.2.8.1.2 ROLL WG
5.2.9 Summary
5.3 Healthcare-M2M Specifics
5.3.1 Role
5.3.2 Monitoring
5.3.3 Cost
5.3.4 Advantages
5.3.4.1 General
5.3.4.2 Savings
5.3.4.3 Categories and Benefits Details
5.3.5 Components
5.3.6 Examples
5.3.7 Issues
5.4 M2M Industry


  • Aeris
  • Iota
  • Kore Telematics
  • Libelium
  • Sigfox
  • Wireless Logic
  • Whiznets

5.5 M2M Markets and Applications
5.5.1 Situation
5.5.2 Structure
5.5.3 Statistics

6. Conclusions

Attachments
Attachment I: IEEE 802.15.4a-2007
Attachment II: MBAN - related Patents Survey (2017-2021)
Attachment III: 802.11ah - related Patents Survey (2017-2021)

List of Figures
Figure 1: WBAN Illustration
Figure 2: Intelligent Sensor
Figure 3: WBAN Characteristics
Figure 4: IEEE 802.15.6: Process
Figure 5: 802.15.6 - PHY and MAC
Figure 6: IEEE 802.15.6 Areas of Applicability
Figure 7: Network Topology
Figure 8: ISO/IEEE 11073 Protocol Family
Figure 9: Estimate: U.S. Annual Healthcare Expenditures ($T)
Figure 10: Estimate: U.S. WBAN Equipment Sales - Medical Applications ($B)
Figure 11: Estimate: Global - Medical Devices Connectivity Market ($B)
Figure 12: Estimate: Patients Wireless Monitoring Devices Sales- Europe ($M)
Figure 13: Bluetooth Protocol Stack
Figure 14: Piconets Illustration
Figure 15: ULP BT Layers
Figure 16: BT HDP Building Blocks
Figure 19: BT Market Geographical Segmentation
Figure 20: Estimate: BT- HDP Modules Global Sales (Bil. Units)
Figure 21: Estimate: BT- HDP Modules Global Sales ($B)
Figure 22: ZigBee Channels
Figure 23: ZigBee Protocol Stack
Figure 24: Applications-Illustration
Figure 25: Estimate: Global Market Size - ZigBee Chips ($B)
Figure 26: Estimate - Global Market - ZigBee Healthcare Applications ($B)
Figure 27: ZigBee Market Segmentation (2020)
Figure 28: ZigBee Market Segmentation (2024)
Figure 29: Backhaul Use Case Illustration
Figure 30: Standardized Frequency Spectrum (sub-1 GHz)
Figure 31: 802.11ah - Channelization Plan in U.S.
Figure 32: Estimate: Low Power Consumption Wi-Fi Modules Sales - U.S. ($B)
Figure 33: Estimate: U.S. Small SH Z-Wave IC Market ($B)
Figure 34: Estimate: U.S. Large SH Z-Wave IC Market ($B)
Figure 35: M2M Process - Illustration
Figure 36: Major Layers
Figure 37: M2M Use Cases and ETSI Documentation
Figure 38: Healthcare Expenses - Percent of GDP (2019)
Figure 39: Annual Savings - Adoption of Remote Monitoring (Illustration)
Figure 40: Details
Figure 41: M2M Applications
Figure 42: Projections: M2M Traffic Growth (PB/Month)
Figure 43: Estimate- Global Wireless M2M Market Revenue ($B)
Figure 44: Estimate: Global-Healthcare Sector-M2M Communications Market ($B)

List of Tables
Table 1: ZigBee and 802.15.6 Radios
Table 2: Sensors Classification - Placing
Table 3: MedRadio Spectrum
Table 4: Allowable Power Density
Table 5: NB PHY Characteristics
Table 6: HBC Characteristics
Table 7: Summary - 802.15.6 Properties
Table 8: Modulation Parameters
Table 9: Transports
Table 10: WBAN Medical Applications
Table 11: Bluetooth Profiles and Protocols - Samples
Table 12: BT v4.2 vs v5.0
Table 13: ZigBee Parameters
Table 14: 802.11ah Features Summary
Table 15: Continua Design Guidelines
Table 16: Power Sources
Table 17: Data - Illustration
Table 18: Components
Table 19: Standard Bands


Companies Mentioned

  • Aeon Labs-Aeotec
  • Aeris
  • AirStrip Technologies
  • Cambridge Consultants
  • CEL (modules)
  • Continua (now part of PCHA)
  • Digi (Radio, Medical Application)
  • GE
  • Intel
  • Iota
  • Kore Telematics
  • Laird Technologies
  • Lamprey Networks, Inc. (LNI)
  • Libelium
  • Medtronic
  • Microchip
  • Morse Micro
  • Newracom-Aviacomm
  • Nokia
  • Nonin
  • Nordic Semiconductor
  • NorthQ
  • NXP
  • Orca Systems
  • Philips Applied Technologies (Healthcare)
  • Qorvo (Modules)
  • Renesas (Platforms)
  • Sensium
  • Siemens
  • Sigfox
  • Silicon Laboratories (Chipsets, Modules, Medical)
  • Silicon Labs
  • Sotera Wireless
  • Synapse (Modules, Protocols)
  • Telit (former GainSpan)
  • TI (Chipsets)
  • Vera Control
  • VitaMove
  • Vivago
  • Whiznets
  • Wireless Logic

Methodology

Considerable research was done using the Internet. Information from various Web sites was studied and analyzed; evaluation of publicly available marketing and technical publications was conducted.

Telephone conversations and interviews were held with industry analysts, technical experts and executives. In addition to these interviews and primary research, secondary sources were used to develop a more complete mosaic of the market landscape, including industry and trade publications, conferences and seminars.

The overriding objective throughout the work has been to provide valid and relevant information. This has led to a continual review and update of the information content.

 

Loading
LOADING...