The Global Market for Graphene and 2-D Materials in Electronics

1.1 Market opportunity analysis
1.1 Market challenges rating system

2.1 The evolution of electronics
2.1.1 The wearables revolution
2.1.2 Flexible, thin, and large-area form factors
2.2 What are flexible and stretchable electronics?
2.2.1 From rigid to flexible and stretchable
2.2.2 Organic and printed electronics
2.2.3 New conductive materials
2.3 Growth in flexible and stetchable electronics market
2.3.1 Recent growth in printable, flexible and stretchable products
2.3.2 Future growth
2.3.3 Nanotechnology as a market driver
2.3.4 Growth in remote health monitoring and diagnostics
2.4 Two-dimensional (2D) materials
2.5 Graphene

3.1 History
3.2 Forms of graphene
3.3 Properties
3.4 3D Graphene
3.5 Graphene Quantum Dots
3.5.1 Synthesis
3.5.2 Applications
3.5.2.1 Optoelectronics, electronics and photonics
3.5.2.2 Energy
3.5.2.3 Biomedicine and healthcare
3.5.2.4 Other
3.5.3 Producers

4.1 Comparative properties
4.2 Cost and production
4.3 Carbon nanotube-graphene hybrids
4.4 Competitive analysis of carbon nanotubes and graphene

5.1 Beyond moore’s law
5.2 Batteries
5.3 PHOSPHORENE
5.3.1 Properties
5.3.1.1 Fabrication methods
5.3.1.2 Challenges for the use of phosphorene in devices
5.3.2 Applications in electronics
5.3.2.1 Field effect transistors
5.3.2.2 Photodetectors
5.4 GRAPHITIC CARBON NITRIDE (g-C3N4)
5.4.1 Properties
5.4.2 Synthesis
5.4.3 C2N
5.4.4 Applications in electronics
5.5 GERMANENE
5.5.1 Properties
5.5.2 Applications in electronics
5.6 GRAPHDIYNE
5.6.1 Properties
5.6.2 Applications in electronics
5.7 GRAPHANE
5.7.1 Properties
5.7.2 Applications in electronics
5.8 HEXAGONAL BORON-NITRIDE
5.8.1 Properties
5.8.2 Applications in electronics
5.8.2.1 Photodetectors
5.9 MOLYBDENUM DISULFIDE (MoS2)
5.9.1 Properties
5.9.2 Applications in electronics
5.10 RHENIUM DISULFIDE (ReS2) AND DISELENIDE (ReSe2)
5.10.1 Properties
5.10.2 Applications in electronics
5.11 SILICENE
5.11.1 Properties
5.11.2 Applications in electronics
5.12 STANENE/TINENE
5.12.1 Properties
5.12.2 Applications in eectronics
5.13 TUNGSTEN DISELENIDE
5.13.1 Properties
5.13.2 Applications in electronics
5.14 ANTIMONENE
5.14.1 Properties
5.14.2 Applications
5.15 INDIUM SELENIDE
5.15.1 Properties
5.15.2 Applications in electronics
5.16 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GRAPHENE AND OTHER 2D MATERIALS

6.1 Production directly from natural graphite ore
6.2 Alternative starting materials
6.3 Quality
6.4 Synthesis and production by types of graphene
6.4.1 Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)
6.4.2 Graphene nanoribbons
6.4.3 Large-area graphene films
6.4.4 Graphene oxide (GO)

7.1 Pristine Graphene Flakes pricing
7.2 Few-Layer Graphene pricing
7.3 Graphene Nanoplatelets pricing
7.4 Reduced Graphene Oxide pricing
7.5 Graphene Quantum Dots pricing
7.6 Graphene Oxide Nanosheets pricing
7.7 Multilayer Graphene (MLG) pricing
7.8 Mass production of lower grade graphene materials
7.9 High grade graphene difficult to mass produce
7.10 Bulk supply
7.11 Commoditisation

8.1 FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS, WEARABLES, CONDUCTIVE FILMS AND DISPLAYS
8.1.1 MARKET DRIVERS AND TRENDS
8.1.2 APPLICATIONS
8.1.2.1 Transparent electrodes in flexible electronics
8.1.2.2 Electronic paper
8.1.2.3 Wearable electronics
8.1.2.4 Wearable sensors
8.1.2.5 Industrial monitoring
8.1.2.6 Wearable and mobile health monitoring
8.1.2.7 Military
8.1.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
8.1.3.1 Wearable electronics
8.1.3.2 Transparent conductive electrodes
8.1.3.3 Wearable healthcare
8.1.4 MARKET CHALLENGES
8.1.5 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
8.2 CONDUCTIVE INKS
8.2.1 MARKET DRIVERS AND TRENDS
8.2.2 APPLICATIONS
8.2.2.1 RFID
8.2.2.2 Smart labels
8.2.2.3 Smart clothing
8.2.2.4 Printable sensors
8.2.2.5 Printed batteries
8.2.2.6 Printable antennas
8.2.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
8.2.4 MARKET CHALLENGES
8.2.5 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
8.3 TRANSISTORS AND INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
8.3.1 MARKET DRIVERS AND TRENDS
8.3.2 APPLICATIONS
8.3.2.1 Integrated circuits
8.3.2.2 Transistors
8.3.2.3 Graphene Radio Frequency (RF) circuits
8.3.2.4 Graphene spintronics
8.3.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
8.3.4 MARKET CHALLENGES
8.3.5 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
8.4 MEMORY DEVICES
8.4.1 MARKET DRIVERS AND TRENDS
8.4.2 APPLICATIONS
8.4.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
8.4.4 MARKET CHALLENGES
8.4.5 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
8.5 PHOTONICS
8.5.1 MARKET DRIVERS AND TRENDS
8.5.2 APPLICATIONS
8.5.2.1 Si photonics versus graphene
8.5.2.2 Optical modulators
8.5.2.3 Photodetectors
8.5.2.4 Saturable absorbers
8.5.2.5 Plasmonics
8.5.2.6 Fiber lasers
8.5.3 MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
8.5.4 MARKET CHALLENGES
8.5.5 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS

Table 1: Evolution of wearable devices, 2011-2017
Table 2: Advanced materials for printable, flexible and stretchable sensors and Electronics-Advantages and disadvantages
Table 3: Sheet resistance (RS) and transparency (T) values for transparent conductive oxides and alternative materials for transparent conductive electrodes (TCE)
Table 4: Markets for wearable devices and applications
Table 5: Properties of graphene
Table 6: Comparison of graphene QDs and semiconductor QDs
Table 7: Graphene quantum dot producers
Table 8: Comparative properties of carbon materials
Table 9: Comparative properties of graphene with nanoclays and carbon nanotubes
Table 10: Competitive analysis of Carbon nanotubes and graphene by application area and potential impact by 2027
Table 11: 2D materials types
Table 12: Electronic and mechanical properties of monolayer phosphorene, graphene and MoS2
Table 13: Comparative analysis of graphene and other 2-D nanomaterials
Table 14: Types of graphene and prices
Table 15: Pristine graphene flakes pricing by producer
Table 16: Few-layer graphene pricing by producer
Table 17: Graphene nanoplatelets pricing by producer
Table 18: Reduced graphene oxide pricing, by producer
Table 19: Graphene quantum dots pricing by producer
Table 20: Graphene oxide nanosheets pricing by producer
Table 21: Multi-layer graphene pricing by producer
Table 22: Market drivers for use of graphene in flexible electronics and conductive films
Table 23: Applications and benefits of graphene in flexible electronics and conductive films
Table 24: Comparison of ITO replacements
Table 25: Wearable electronics devices and stage of development
Table 26: Graphene properties relevant to application in sensors
Table 27: Applications in flexible and stretchable health monitors, by advanced materials type and benefits thereof
Table 28: Market size for graphene in flexible electronics and conductive films
Table 29: Market opportunity assessment for graphene in flexible electronics, wearables, conductive films and displays
Table 30: Global market for wearable electronics, 2015-2027, by application, billions $
Table 31: Market challenges rating for graphene in the flexible electronics, wearables, conductive films and displays market
Table 32: Market drivers for use of graphene in conductive inks
Table 33: Comparative properties of conductive inks
Table 34: Printable electronics products
Table 35: Opportunities for advanced materials in printed electronics
Table 36: Applications in flexible and stretchable batteries, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof
Table 37: Potential addressable market for graphene in conductive inks
Table 38: Market opportunity assessment for graphene in conductive inks
Table 39: Conductive inks in the flexible and stretchable electronics market 2017-2027 revenue forecast (million $), by ink types
Table 40: Market impediments for graphene in conductive inks
Table 41: Market drivers for use of graphene in transistors, integrated circuits and other components
Table 42: Comparative properties of silicon and graphene transistors
Table 43: Applications and benefits of graphene in transistors, integrated circuits and other components
Table 44: Market size for graphene in transistors, integrated circuits and other components
Table 45: Market opportunity assessment for graphene in transistors, integrated circuits and other components
Table 46: Market challenges rating for graphene in the transistors and integrated circuits market
Table 47: Market drivers for use of graphene in memory devices
Table 48: Market size for graphene in memory devices
Table 49: Applications and commercialization challenges for graphene in the memory devices market
Table 50: Market drivers for use of graphene in photonics
Table 51: Graphene properties relevant to application in optical modulators
Table 52: Applications and benefits of graphene in photonics
Table 53: Market size for graphene in photonics
Table 54: Market challenges rating for graphene in the photonics market

Figure 1: Evolution of electronics
Figure 2: Wove Band
Figure 3: Wearable graphene medical sensor
Figure 4: Applications timeline for organic and printed electronics
Figure 5: Mimo Baby Monitor
Figure 6: Wearable health monitor incorporating graphene photodetectors
Figure 7: Graphene layer structure schematic
Figure 8: Graphite and graphene
Figure 9: Graphene and its descendants: top right: graphene; top left: graphite = stacked graphene; bottom right: nanotube=rolled graphene; bottom left: fullerene=wrapped graphene
Figure 10: Schematic of (a) CQDs and (c) GQDs. HRTEM images of (b) C-dots and (d) GQDs showing combination of zigzag and armchair edges (positions marked as 1–4)
Figure 11: Green-fluorescing graphene quantum dots
Figure 12: Graphene quantum dots
Figure 13: Graphene can be rolled up into a carbon nanotube, wrapped into a fullerene, and stacked into graphite
Figure 14: Schematic of 2-D materials
Figure 15: Black phosphorus structure
Figure 16: Black Phosphorus crystal
Figure 17: Bottom gated flexible few-layer phosphorene transistors with the hydrophobic dielectric encapsulation
Figure 18: Graphitic carbon nitride
Figure 19: Structural difference between graphene and C2N-h2D crystal: (a) graphene; (b) C2N-h2D crystal. Credit: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Figure 20: Schematic of germanene
Figure 21: Graphdiyne structure
Figure 22: Schematic of Graphane crystal
Figure 23: Structure of hexagonal boron nitride
Figure 24: Structure of 2D molybdenum disulfide
Figure 25: SEM image of MoS2
Figure 26: Atomic force microscopy image of a representative MoS2 thin-film transistor
Figure 27: Schematic of a monolayer of rhenium disulfide
Figure 28: Silicene structure
Figure 29: Monolayer silicene on a silver (111) substrate
Figure 30: Silicene transistor
Figure 31: Crystal structure for stanene
Figure 32: Atomic structure model for the 2D stanene on Bi2Te3(111)
Figure 33: Schematic of tungsten diselenide
Figure 34: Schematic of Indium Selenide (InSe)
Figure 35: TEM micrographs of: A) HR-CNFs; B) GANF® HR-CNF, it can be observed its high graphitic structure; C) Unraveled ribbon from the HR-CNF; D) Detail of the ribbon; E) Scheme of the structure of the HR-CNFs; F) Large single graphene oxide sheets derived from GANF
Figure 36: Graphene nanoribbons grown on germanium
Figure 37: Moxi flexible film developed for smartphone application
Figure 38: Flexible graphene touch screen
Figure 39: Galapad Settler smartphone
Figure 40: Flexible organic light emitting diode (OLED) using graphene electrode
Figure 41: Graphene electrochromic devices. Top left: Exploded-view illustration of the graphene electrochromic device. The device is formed by attaching two graphene-coated PVC substrates face-to-face and filling the gap with a liquid ionic electrolyte
Figure 42: Flexible mobile phones with graphene transparent conductive film
Figure 43: Foldable graphene E-paper
Figure 44: Covestro wearables
Figure 45: Softceptor sensor
Figure 46: BeBop Media Arm Controller
Figure 47: LG Innotek flexible textile pressure sensor
Figure 48: C2Sense flexible sensor
Figure 49: Wearable gas sensor
Figure 50: BeBop Sensors Marcel Modular Data Gloves
Figure 51: BeBop Sensors Smart Helmet Sensor System
Figure 52: Connected human body
Figure 53: Flexible, lightweight temperature sensor
Figure 54: Graphene-based E-skin patch
Figure 55: Smart e-skin system comprising health-monitoring sensors, displays, and ultra flexible PLEDs
Figure 56: Graphene medical patch
Figure 57: TempTraQ wearable wireless thermometer
Figure 58: Mimo baby monitor
Figure 59: Nanowire skin hydration patch
Figure 60: Wearable sweat sensor
Figure 61: GraphWear wearable sweat sensor
Figure 62: Torso and Extremities Protection (TEP) system
Figure 63: Potential addressable market for graphene in the flexible electronics, wearables, conductive films and displays market
Figure 64: Global market for wearable electronics, 2015-2027, by application, billions $
Figure 65: Global transparent conductive electrodes market forecast by materials type, 2012-2027, millions $
Figure 66: Global medical and healthcare smart textiles and wearables market, 2015-2027, billions $
Figure 67: Global medical and healthcare smart textiles and wearables market, 2015-2027, billions $
Figure 68: Schematic of the wet roll-to-roll graphene transfer from copper foils to polymeric substrates
Figure 69: The transmittance of glass/ITO, glass/ITO/four organic layers, and glass/ITO/four organic layers/4-layer graphene
Figure 70: The GF1 Graphene Watch
Figure 71: BGT Materials graphene ink product
Figure 72: Printed graphene conductive ink
Figure 73: Flexible RFID tag
Figure 74: Textiles covered in conductive graphene ink
Figure 75: Enfucell Printed Battery
Figure 76: Graphene printed antenna
Figure 77: Printed antennas for aircraft
Figure 78: Vorbeck Materials conductive ink products
Figure 79: Potential addressable market for graphene in the conductive ink market
Figure 80: Conductive inks in the flexible and stretchable electronics market 2017-2027 revenue forecast (million $), by ink types
Figure 81: Graphene IC in wafer tester
Figure 82: A monolayer WS2-based flexible transistor array
Figure 83: Schematic cross-section of a graphene based transistor (GBT, left) and a graphene field-effect transistor (GFET, right)
Figure 84: Potential addressable market for graphene in transistors and integrated circuits
Figure 85: Potential addressable market for graphene in the transistors and integrated circuits market
Figure 86: Graphene oxide-based RRAm device on a flexible substrate
Figure 87: Layered structure of tantalum oxide, multilayer graphene and platinum used for resistive random access memory (RRAM)
Figure 88: A schematic diagram for the mechanism of the resistive switching in metal/GO/Pt
Figure 89: Carbon nanotubes NRAM chip
Figure 90: Stretchable SWCNT memory and logic devices for wearable electronics
Figure 91: Hybrid graphene phototransistors
Figure 92: Wearable health monitor incorporating graphene photodetectors
Figure 93: Flexible PEN coated with graphene and a QD thin film (20nm) is highly visibly transparent and photosensitive