We have become used to the introduction of new generations of cellular service to mean service that is faster and that offers more capabilities. For example the move from 3G to 4G brought more speed and a mobile broadband (e.g., laptops) capability. However, the coming conversion to 5G will be completely different; it will also bring more speed and greater capabilities, but there will be so much more speed and the capabilities will be so much greater that it will introduce a completely new telecommunications architecture, and it will introduce the possibility of national high-speed Internet competition based on fixed wireless. The transition will be like going from a covered wagon to a Cadillac Escalade. They both get you from point to point, but there is no real comparison.
5G is going to be much more than an incremental improvement from 4G LTE; it is going to be an entirely new architecture that brings dramatic capabilities and features. Its combination of speed, low latency, high availability, and capacity of huge quantities of low cost connections will make services possible that were only talked about before.
This comprehensive report is going to discuss first the history of cellular development in the US and describe in some detail how we have moved from step to step along the path. It will then move into a discussion of 5G from many viewpoints, including objectives, frequency plans, architecture, relationship to IoT and Autonomous Vehicles, Carriers involved, phones, etc. This report will examine in detail, the possibility of much greater competition for high-speed Internet (and other fixed services) enabled thru 5G fixed wireless. Next it will investigate who the major players (and, as appropriate, their individual strategies for 5G) are in each aspect of 5G – carriers, network equipment vendors, phone vendors, and modem (chip set) vendors. The final main section of the report will deal with specific forecasts for 5G in the US and the impact of those forecasts on overall network requirements.
Those forecasts include:
- US Traffic – Total and Mobile
- US Mobile Carriers Forecast Growth
- 5G Phones Availability and Sources
- IoT 5G Impact
- Autonomous Vehicles 5G Impact
- Over Build/ Cross Boundary Forecast
- US 5G Penetration Forecast by Major Service
- 5G Overall Timeline
Table of Contents
- The Lightwave Network Series of Reports
- The Lightwave Network Series of Reports
- The Lightwave Network
- The Lightwave Series of Reports
- General Reports on the Network
- General Market Reports
- Specific Systems Reports
- The New Base Telecommunication Architecture – 5G
- Introduction
- History of Cellular Phones in the US
- What are the Generations?
- 1st Generation
- 1G Standards
- 2nd Generation
- 2G Standards
- 3rd Generation
- High-Speed Downlink Packet Access
- 3GPP Long Term Evolution, precursor of LTE Advanced –
- Evolved HSPA
- 3G Standards
- 4th Generation
- LTE Advanced
- MIMO
- 4G Standards
- 5th Generation
- 5G Standards
- What is 5G?
- Higher Capacity -
- Higher Data Rate –
- Lower Latency –
- Massive Device Connectivity –
- Reduced Costs -
- Consistent Quality of Experience Provisioning
- What is the Architecture of 5G?
- 5G Network Cooperation
- Various Cell Sizes for 5G Networks
- 5G Network Architecture and Application Illustrations
- Facilities
- Small Cell Antennas
- MIMO
- MIMO and 5G
- Massive MIMO Spectrum Multiplying Advantage
- Fiber
- Verizon Fiber Plan for 5G
- Phones
- Apple
- Samsung
- Huawei
- Xiaomi
- OPPO
- Dominance of Samsung and Apple
- 5G Phones
- Android Based Phones
- Apple
- Samsung
- Other Customer Access Devices
- 5G Frequency Plans
- Types of 5G
- Stationary
- Mobile
- Who are the Primary US Carriers Involved in 5G?
- Verizon Wireless
- AT&T Mobility
- T-Mobile US
- Sprint Corporation
- Carriers’ Announced Deployment Plans
- Verizon
- AT&T
- T-Mobile US
- Sprint
- T-Mobile and Sprint Merger
- Two Major Applications for 5G: IoT and Autonomous Vehicles
- What is IoT?
- Availability of a Network for Connection – a Major Problem with IoT
- Cellular IoT Connections Explained: NB-IoT vs. LTE-M vs. 5G and More
- How did Cellular IoT come to Be?
- Cat-1
- Cat-0
- Cat-M1/Cat-M/LTE-M
- NB-IoT/Cat-M2
- EC-GSM (formerly EC-EGPRS)
- 5G as an IoT Connection Solution
- How Does 5G Enable IoT?
- 5G and Autonomous Vehicles
- Autonomous Vehicles Benefits
- Current Versions of Autonomy
- Issues with Autonomous Development
- Safety
- Business Case
- Availability of a Network for Interconnection
- 5G as a Major Competitive Tool
- Overbuilding
- Cross-Boundary Service
- Competitive Implications
- 5G Forecasts
- Mobile Traffic Forecast
- US Mobile Carriers Forecast
- Smartphone Growth Forecast for 5G - US
- 5G Phone Introduction Plans
- 5G US Penetration Forecast - Phones
- Major Applications of 5G – Penetration Forecast
- IoT – Internet of Things – 5G Penetration Forecast
- Autonomous Vehicles – 5G Penetration Forecast
- Network Impact of Autonomous Vehicles and IoT
- 5G Penetration Forecast – US
- Over Build Forecast
- Forecast Summary
- Traffic:
- US Mobile Carriers:
- Phones:
- IoT:
- Autonomous Vehicles:
- Over Build/ Cross Boundary:
- 5G Penetration:
- Timeline
- Radio Equipment Manufactures
- Huawei
- Ericsson
- Nokia
- ZTE
- Samsung
- Chip Set Vendors
- Intel
- Qualcomm
- Samsung
- Apple
- Huawei
- Appendix I, List of US Cellular Carriers
- Contiguous US and Hawaii]
- Alaska
- Appendix II, Traffic Statistics Relationships
- SONET/SDH Data Rates
- Appendix III, Data Traffic Fundamentals
- Appendix III, Data Traffic Fundamentals
- Internet Traffic Calculations
- Bits and Bytes
- Transfer Rate
- Busy Hour Traffic
- Protocol Efficiencies
- Peaking
Table of Figures
Figure 1, Lightwave Network
Figure 2, Wireless Penetration by Generation and Forecast
Figure 3, Network Generations Timeline
Figure 4, 5G Capacity Capabilities
Figure 5, Theoretical 5G Speed
Figure 6, Standards Evolution from 4G to 5G
Figure 7, Lower Latency Triangle - 5G
Figure 8, IoT Sensing Points Explosion
Figure 9, 5G Connection Capabilities
Figure 10, 5G Overall Layout
Figure 11, Cell/Technology Cooperation
Figure 12, Cell Types from Macro to Small
Figure 13, 5G Pictorial Architecture
Figure 14, 5G Infrastructure Applications
Figure 15, Different Types of Antennas to be Used with 5G
Figure 16, MIMO Multipath Propagation Increases Thru-Put
Figure 17, Depiction of Massive MIMO
Figure 18, Example of MIMO Antenna
Figure 19, 5G Layout Showing Fiber Connections
Figure 20, Graphical Illustration of Fiber's Place in a 5G Network
Figure 21, Smartphone Growth in US
Figure 22, World-Wide Smartphone Shipments 2007-2016, by OS
Figure 23, World Smartphone Suppliers - 2017 by Quarter
Figure 24, 5G Frequency Allocation – US
Companies Mentioned
- Apple
- AT&T
- Huawei
- Intel
- Nokia
- OPPO
- Qualcomm
- Samsung
- Sprint
- T-Mobile US
- Verizon
- Xiaomi
- ZTE
