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Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Medical Devices, 2020-2030

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    Report

  • 215 Pages
  • August 2020
  • Region: Global
  • Roots Analysis
  • ID: 5157426

Overview

Over the years, technological advancements have enabled the development of a variety of versatile medical devices, offering various specialized features, for various drug delivery and disease management applications. In fact, there are a number of devices that are designed for use by patients themselves. It is, therefore, crucial for device developers to ensure that their products are not only easy-to-use, but also safe, posing minimum risks to users who lack medical training. Errors in product design can lead to dosing inaccuracies, incorrect measurement of critical health parameters and, in the process, cause serious injuries (some of which may even prove to be fatal). It is estimated that every year, close to 400,000 hospitalized patients report having experienced some kind of preventable injury, a large proportion of which may be attributed to medical device related errors. A study conducted at John Hopkins University reported that 15% of fatalities caused due to medical errors in the US, are attributed to medical device user interface related concerns. Further, close to 17% of the medical devices are recalled on an annual basis, owing to concerns related to poor design. In this context, it is worth stating that a major device recall has been shown to severely impact the reputation of its developer, causing up to 10% decline in share value. Therefore, stakeholders in the medical device industry are known to undertake elaborate initiatives, across the various stages of development, in order to ensure product safety. This includes detailed assessment of key human factors and product usability.

Human factors engineering (HFE) and usability testing involves the evaluation of the potential applications of medical devices in the real-world setting, taking into account all possible influences / parameters related to product use. This approach has been demonstrated to provide a number of benefits when implemented at the appropriate stages of device development. The identification of critical design flaws and anticipated user interface-related concerns early during the prototype stage, allows developers to improve and optimize the product, as well as ensure the safety of end users. Given that medical devices are becoming increasingly complex, it is often hard for developers to stay up to date with evolving real-world parameters (human factors) and regulatory standards. Moreover, several stakeholders in this domain lack the required resources and capital to conduct detailed HFE and usability testing studies. This has led to the establishment of an elaborate contract services market catering to the HFE and usability testing needs of medical device developers. As the demand for novel and more personalized medical devices grows, outsourcing of HFE and usability testing operations is anticipated to increase as well. This trend is likely to present lucrative opportunities to the CROs that claim to have expertise in this field.

Scope of the Report

The “Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Medical Devices, 2020-2030” report features an extensive study on the current market landscape and future opportunities for service providers focused on human factor engineering and usability testing of medical devices. The study also includes an in-depth analysis, highlighting the capabilities of various service providers engaged in this market.

Amongst other elements, the report includes:


  • A detailed assessment of the current market landscape of companies offering HFE and usability testing services based on several relevant parameters, including developer information (year of establishment, company size and location of headquarters), types of certifications obtained, types of HFE services offered in the concept phase (user research and use error risk analysis and management), design and development phase (prototype development and designing and interface development and designing),  verification and validation phase (usability inspection, formative studies / usability verification, pre-validation testing / clinical trial, and summative studies / usability validation) and documentation / file compilation phase, types of other services offered (regulatory guidance, packaging and labeling, training and post market surveillance) and types of medical devices designed by the company (drug delivery devices, clinical use / care devices, diagnostic devices, therapeutic devices, home use medical devices and different laboratory and surgical equipment).
  • A detailed company competitiveness analysis of HFE and usability testing service providers, taking into consideration the supplier power (based on the year of establishment of developer) and other key specifications (such as core services offered, other services offered and types of medical devices designed) of players.
  • An elaborate discussion on the various guidelines established by major regulatory bodies, governing medical device HFE and usability testing services, across different regions.
  • A detailed discussion on the cost implications across various steps of the HFE and usability testing process.
  • Profiles of HFE and usability testing service providers (shortlisted on the basis of the number of services offered), featuring an overview of the company, details related to their HFE and usability testing service portfolio and an informed future outlook.
  • A discussion on important industry-specific trends, key market drivers and challenges, under a SWOT framework, featuring a qualitative Harvey ball analysis that highlights the relative impact of each SWOT parameter on the overall HFE and usability testing services market.

One of the key objectives of the report was to estimate the existing market size and the future growth potential within the HFE and usability testing services market for medical devices. We have provided informed estimates on the likely evolution of the market in the short to mid-term and long term, for the period 2020-2030. The report also provides details on the likely distribution of the current and forecasted opportunity across [A] different types of tools used for HFE and usability testing (generative and evaluative tools),  [B] types of steps involved in the usability testing process (contextual analysis, task analysis, design analysis, formative studies, use risk analysis, known use error analysis, summative study and submission preparation), [C] device class (class I, class II and class III), [D] company size (small, mid-sized and large) and [E] key geographical regions (North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific and rest of the world). In order to account for future uncertainties and to add robustness to our model, we have provided three forecast scenarios, namely conservative, base and optimistic scenarios, representing different tracks of the industry’s evolution. In addition, the report discusses the impact of the recent COVID-19 pandemic on the global HFE and usability testing services market for medical devices, along with providing details related to the future market opportunity for service providers engaged in this domain.

The opinions and insights presented in the report were also influenced by discussions held with senior stakeholders in the industry. The report features detailed transcripts of interviews held with the following industry stakeholders (in alphabetical order):


  • Daniel Jenkins (Research Lead of Human Factors and Usability, DCA Design International)
  • Greg Thay (Manager, THAY Medical)

All actual figures have been sourced and analyzed from publicly available information forums and primary research discussions. Financial figures mentioned in this report are in USD, unless otherwise specified.

Key Questions Answered


  • Who are the leading players providing human factors engineering and usability testing services to medical device developers?
  • What is the cost associated with different steps of the human factors engineering and usability testing process for medical devices?
  • What kind of cost savings can be achieved through the adoption of the human factors engineering and usability testing approach for medical device development?
  • In the past, how has the adoption of human factors engineering and usability testing approaches impacted medical device recall rates?
  • How do the guidelines for human factors engineering and usability testing for medical devices, differ across key global regions?
  • What are the prevalent and emerging trends within the human factors engineering and usability testing service providers market?
  • How is the recent COVID-19 pandemic likely to impact human factors engineering and usability testing services market?
  • How is the current and future opportunity likely to be distributed across key market segments?

Table of Contents

1. PREFACE
1.1. Scope of the Report
1.2. Research Methodology
1.3. Chapter Outlines
2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
3. INTRODUCTION
3.1. Context and Background
3.2. Overview of Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing
3.2.1. Human Factors Engineering (HFE)
3.2.2. Usability Testing
3.2.3. Ergonomics and Hedonomics
3.3. Human Factors Considerations for Medical Device Design
3.3.1. Users
3.3.2. Use Environment
3.3.3. Device-User Interface
3.4. Human Factors and Usability Testing Process
3.5. Advantages of Outsourcing HFE Testing Services
3.6. Risks and Challenges Associated with Outsourcing HFE Testing Services
3.7. Key Considerations while Selecting a Suitable Service Provider
4. REGULATORY LANDSCAPE
4.1. Chapter Overview
4.2. Key Regulatory Authorities on Human Factors and Usability Testing Services
4.3. Regulatory Landscape in North America
4.3.1. FDA-Recognized Standards on Human Factors
4.3.2. FDA-Guidance Documents related to Human Factors
4.3.3. FDA Human Factors Engineering Process
4.4. Regulatory Landscape in Europe
4.4.1. EU-Recognized Standards on Human Factors
4.4.2. EU Human Factors Engineering Process
4.5. Medical Device HFE Pathway: Comparison between the EU and the US Guidelines
4.5.1. Common Approach to Satisfy Both US and EU Submissions
4.5.2. Tailored HFE Process
4.6. Concluding Remarks
5. SERVICE PROVIDER LANDSCAPE
5.1. Chapter Overview
5.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Service Providers for Medical Devices: Overall Market Landscape
5.2.1. Analysis by Year of Establishment
5.2.2. Analysis by Company Size
5.2.3. Analysis by Location of Headquarters
5.2.4. Analysis by Types of Certifications Obtained
5.2.5. Analysis by Types of Medical Device Designed
5.2.6. Analysis by Types of Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Offered
5.2.6.1. Analysis by Types of Services Offered in the Concept Phase
5.2.6.2. Analysis by Types of Services Offered in the Design and Development Phase
5.2.6.3. Analysis by Types Services Offered in the Verification and Validation Phase
5.2.7. Analysis by Other Services Offered
5.3. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Service Providers for Medical Devices Software: Overall Market Landscape
5.3.1. Analysis by Year of Establishment
5.3.2. Analysis by Company Size
5.3.3. Analysis by Location of Headquarters
6. COMPANY COMPETITIVENESS ANALYSIS
6.1. Chapter Overview
6.2. Assumptions and Key Parameters
6.3. Methodology
6.4. Company Competitiveness Analysis
6.4.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Service Providers based in North America
6.4.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Service Providers based in Europe
6.4.3. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Service Providers based in Asia Pacific/RoW
7. COMPANY PROFILES
7.1. Chapter Overview
7.2. Service Providers in North America
7.2.1. Agilis
7.2.1.1. Company Overview
7.2.1.2. Service Portfolio
7.2.1.3. Future Outlook
7.2.2. Human Factors Consulting Service
7.2.2.1. Company Overview
7.2.2.2. Service Portfolio
7.2.2.3. Future Outlook
7.2.3. Human Factors MD
7.2.3.1. Company Overview
7.2.3.2. Service Portfolio
7.2.3.3. Future Outlook
7.2.4. User wise
7.2.4.1. Company Overview
7.2.4.2. Service Portfolio
7.2.4.3. Future Outlook
7.2.5. Ximedica
7.2.5.1. Company Overview
7.2.5.2. Service Portfolio
7.2.5.3. Future Outlook
7.3. Service Providers in Europe
7.3.1. Austrian Center for Medical Innovation and Technology (ACMIT)
7.3.1.1. Company Overview
7.3.1.2. Service Portfolio
7.3.1.3. Future Outlook
7.3.2. Auxergo
7.3.2.1. Company Overview
7.3.2.2. Service Portfolio
7.3.2.3. Future Outlook
7.3.3. THAY Medical
7.3.3.1. Company Overview
7.3.3.2. Service Portfolio
7.3.3.3. Future Outlook
7.4. Service Providers in Asia Pacific
7.4.1. Ergotech
7.4.1.1. Company Overview
7.4.1.2. Service Portfolio
7.4.1.3. Future Outlook
7.4.2. Jonathan Bar-Or Industrial Design
7.4.2.1. Company Overview
7.4.2.2. Service Portfolio
7.4.2.3. Future Outlook
8. COST IMPLICATIONS RELATED TO HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING AND USABILITY TESTING PROCESS
8.1. Chapter Overview
8.2. Steps involved in Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Process
8.3. Cost Distribution across the Different Steps of Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Process
8.3.1. Costs Associated with Contextual Inquiry
8.3.2. Costs Associated with Task Analysis
8.3.3. Costs Associated with Human Factors Assessment for Device Design
8.3.4. Costs Associated with Formative Studies
8.3.5. Costs Associated with Risk Analysis
8.3.6. Costs Associated with Use Error Analysis
8.3.7. Costs Associated with Summative Studies
8.3.8 Costs Associated with Regulatory Document Preparation
9. CASE STUDY: MEDICAL DEVICE RECALLS AND ROLE OF HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING
9.1. Chapter Overview
9.2. Medical Device Recalls
9.3. Five Major Device Recalls Till-date
9.3.1. West Pharmaceutical’s Fluid Transfer Systems
9.3.2. Magellan Diagnostics’ Blood Lead Testing Systems
9.3.3. Cook Medical’s Catheters
9.3.4. Abbott’s Cardiac Pacemakers
9.3.5. CareFusion’s Alaris Pump Module
9.4. Human Factors Engineering: Managing the Risk of Device Recalls
9.4.1. Cost Saving Potential Associated with Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing
10. MARKET FORECAST AND OPPORTUNITY ANALYSIS
10.1. Chapter Overview
10.2. Key Assumptions and Forecast Methodology
10.3. Overall Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Medical Devices, 2020-2030
10.4. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market: Distribution by Type of Tools Used, 2020, 2025 and 2030
10.4.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Generative Tools, 2020-2030
10.4.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Evaluative Tools, 2020-2030
10.5. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market: Distribution by Types of Steps Involved in Usability Testing, 2020, 2025 and 2030
10.5.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Contextual Analysis, 2020-2030
10.5.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Task Analysis, 2020-2030
10.5.3. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Design Analysis, 2020-2030
10.5.4. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Formative Studies, 2020-2030
10.5.5. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Use Risk Analysis, 2020-2030
10.5.6. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Known Use Error Analysis, 2020-2030
10.5.7. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Summative Studies, 2020-2030
10.5.8. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Regulatory Document Preparation, 2020-2030
10.6. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market: Distribution by Device Class, 2020,2025 and 2030
10.6.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Class I Devices, 2020-2030
10.6.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Class II Devices, 2020-2030
10.6.3. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Class III Devices, 2020-2030
10.7. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market: Distribution by Geography, 2020,2025 and 2030
10.7.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market in North America, 2020-2030
10.7.1.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market in North America: Distribution by Types of Tools, 2020-2030
10.7.1.1.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Generative Tools in North America, 2020-2030
10.7.1.1.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Evaluative Tools in North America, 2020-2030
10.7.1.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market in North America: Distribution by Types of Steps Involved in Usability Testing, 2020-2030
10.7.1.2.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services for Contextual Analysis in North America, 2020-2030
10.7.1.2.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Task Analysis in North America, 2020-2030
10.7.1.2.3. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Design Analysis in North America, 2020-2030
10.7.1.2.4. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Formative Studies in North America, 2020-2030
10.7.1.2.5. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Use Risk Analysis in North America, 2020-2030
10.7.1.2.6. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Known Use Error Analysis in North America, 2020-2030
10.7.1.2.7. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Summative Studies in North America, 2020-2030
10.7.1.2.8. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Regulatory Document Preparation in North America, 2020-2030
10.7.1.3. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market in North America: Distribution by Distribution by Device Class, 2020-2030
10.7.1.3.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Class I Devices in North America, 2020-2030
10.7.1.3.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Class II Devices in North America, 2020-2030
10.7.1.3.3. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Class III Devices in North America, 2020-2030
10.7.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market in Europe, 2020-2030
10.7.2.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market in Europe: Distribution by Types of Tools, 2020-2030
10.7.2.1.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Generative Tools in Europe, 2020-2030
10.7.2.1.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Evaluative Tools in Europe, 2020-2030
10.7.2.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market in Europe: Distribution by Types of Steps Involved in Usability Testing, 2020-2030
10.7.2.2.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services for Contextual Analysis in Europe, 2020-2030
10.7.2.2.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Task Analysis in Europe, 2020-2030
10.7.2.2.3. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Design Analysis in Europe, 2020-2030
10.7.2.2.4. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Formative Studies in Europe, 2020-2030
10.7.2.2.5. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Use Risk Analysis in Europe, 2020-2030
10.7.2.2.6. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Known Use Error Analysis in Europe, 2020-2030
10.7.2.2.7. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Summative Studies in Europe, 2020-2030
10.7.2.2.8. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Regulatory Document Preparation in Europe, 2020-2030
10.7.2.3. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market in Europe: Distribution by Distribution by Device Class, 2020-2030
10.7.2.3.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Class I Devices in Europe, 2020-2030
10.7.2.3.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Class II Devices in Europe, 2020-2030
10.7.2.3.3. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Class III Devices in Europe, 2020-2030
10.7.3. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market in Asia Pacific, 2020-2030
10.7.3.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market in Asia Pacific: Distribution by Types of Tools, 2020-2030
10.7.3.1.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Generative Tools in Asia Pacific, 2020-2030
10.7.3.1.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Evaluative Tools in Asia Pacific, 2020-2030
10.7.3.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market in Asia Pacific: Distribution by Types of Steps Involved in Usability Testing, 2020-2030
10.7.3.2.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services for Contextual Analysis in Asia Pacific, 2020-2030
10.7.3.2.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Task Analysis in Asia Pacific, 2020-2030
10.7.3.2.3. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Design Analysis in Asia Pacific, 2020-2030
10.7.3.2.4. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Formative Studies in Asia Pacific, 2020-2030
10.7.3.2.5. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Use Risk Analysis in Asia Pacific, 2020-2030
10.7.3.2.6. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Known Use Error Analysis in Asia Pacific, 2020-2030
10.7.3.2.7. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Summative Studies in Asia Pacific, 2020-2030
10.7.3.2.8. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Regulatory Document Preparation in Asia Pacific, 2020-2030
10.7.3.3. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market in Asia Pacific: Distribution by Distribution by Device Class, 2020-2030
10.7.3.3.1. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Class I Devices in Asia Pacific, 2020-2030
10.7.3.3.2. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Class II Devices in Asia Pacific, 2020-2030
10.7.3.3.3. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market for Class III Devices in Asia Pacific, 2020-2030
10.7.4. Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Services Market in Rest of the World, 2020-2030
11. CASE STUDY: IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING AND USABILITY TESTING SERVICES MARKET
11.1. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Approval of Medical Devices
11.1.1. The US Scenario
11.1.2. The European Scenario
11.2. Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak of Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Process
11.3. Impact of Future Market Opportunity for Human Factors Engineering and Usability Testing Market
11.4. Recuperative Strategies for CMO Business
11.4.1. Strategies for Implementation in the Short/Mid Term
11.4.2. Strategies for Implementation in the Long Term
12. SWOT ANALYSIS
12.1. Chapter Overview
12.2. Strengths
12.3. Weaknesses
12.4. Opportunities
12.5. Threats
12.6. Concluding Remarks
13. CONCLUSION
13.1. Chapter Overview
13.2. Key Takeaways
14. INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPTS
14.1. Chapter Overview
14.2. DCA Design International
14.2.1. Company Snapshot
14.2.2. Interview Transcript: Daniel Jenkins, Head of Research (Human Factors and Interaction)
14.3. THAY Medical
14.3.1. Company Snapshot
14.3.2. Interview Transcript: Greg Thay, Managing Director (THAY Medical)
15. APPENDIX 1: TABULATED DATA

Companies Mentioned

  • Accelerate Design
  • ACMIT  - Austrian Center for Medical Innovation and Technology
  • Advandes
  • Agile Medical Device Design
  • Agilis
  • Aproio
  • Aran R&D
  • Aston
  • Auxergo
  • Avanti Europe
  • AYES - Management & Technology Consulting
  • Battelle
  • Boston Engineering
  • Boston Systems Consulting
  • Bresslergroup
  • Cambridge Design Partnership
  • Cito Medical
  • Cognit UX Experts
  • Compass Product Design
  • Core Human Factors
  • Corvus Device
  • Creanova
  • Crux Product Design
  • D+I
  • Datum3D
  • DCA Design
  • DDSTUDIO
  • Delve
  • DeviceLab
  • Emergo
  • EnMasse Industrial Design
  • Ergonomics Factory
  • ERGOTECH
  • Evo Design
  • Faberz Technologies
  • Farm
  • Gilero
  • Goddard
  • Goldschnitt Interaktion
  • Greenleaf Medical Systems
  • HaA Design
  • Haughton Design
  • HE Consulting
  • Healthcare Human Factors
  • Highpower
  • HirLan
  • HS Design
  • Human Factors Consulting Services
  • Human Factors International
  • Human Factors MD
  • i3 Product Development
  • i4 Product Design
  • ID8 Design Studio
  • Indesign
  • Inspired Usability
  • Integrated Computer Solutions
  • Invetech
  • Johari
  • Johner Institut
  • Jonathan Bar Or Industrial Design
  • Kablooe
  • KDS Medical Engineering
  • KEYMED Devices
  • Marble
  • Medical Creative Partners
  • Medical Systems Consult
  • Metaphase Design Group
  • MindFlow Design
  • Movement Biomedical Usability Design
  • NAMSA
  • National Center for Human Factors in Healthcare
  • Nectar
  • Nemera
  • Nordson Medical
  • Novo
  • Novo Engineering
  • Omnica Corporation
  • Optimum Technologies
  • Orchid Design
  • PDT
  • PKG User Interface Solutions
  • Planet Innovation
  • Priority Designs
  • Product Insight
  • Psyma
  • QA/RA Consulting Group
  • Radius Innovation & Development
  • RBC Medical Innovations
  • RED Group International
  • Red Seed Product Development
  • Research Collective
  • sagentia
  • Sigma Design Company
  • SPEED Virtual Product Development
  • Sterling Medical Devices
  • Strategic Design Corporation
  • Stromad
  • Sunrise Labs
  • Team Consulting
  • Team Human
  • Tessier Biomedical Consulting
  • THAY Medical
  • Toolbox Medical Innovations
  • UL
  • Use-Lab
  • uSense UX
  • UserWise
  • UXFirm
  • Velentium
  • Viena Medical
  • Weaver Human Factors Engineering
  • Worrell
  • Ximedica
  • zweigrad Design

Methodology

 

 

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