The Global Market for Biobased and Sustainable Plastics 2020-2030

1.1 Market trends
1.2 Global production to 2030
1.3 Main producers and global production capacities
1.3.1 Producers
1.3.2 By biobased and sustainable plastic type
1.3.3 By region
1.4 Global demand for biobased and sustainable plastics 2020, by market
1.5 Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the bioplastics market and future demand
1.6 Challenges for the biobased and sustainable plastics market

3.1 Global production
3.2 The importance of plastic
3.3 Issues with plastics use

4.1 Types
4.2 Production capacities
4.3 Bio-based adipic acid
4.4 11-Aminoundecanoic acid (11-AA)
4.5 1,4-Butanediol (1,4-BDO)
4.6 Dodecanedioic acid (DDDA)
4.7 Epichlorohydrin (ECH)
4.8 Ethylene
4.9 Furfural
4.10 5-Chloromethylfurfural (5-CMF)
4.11 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (2,5-FDCA)
4.12 Furandicarboxylic methyl ester (FDME)
4.13 Isosorbide
4.14 Itaconic acid
4.15 3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP)
4.16 5 Hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF)
4.17 Lactic acid (D-LA)
4.18 Lactic acid – L-lactic acid (L-LA)
4.19 Lactide
4.20 Levoglucosenone
4.21 Levulinic acid
4.22 Monoethylene glycol (MEG)
4.23 Monopropylene glycol (MPG)
4.24 Muconic acid
4.25 Naphtha
4.26 Pentamethylene diisocyanate
4.27 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO)
4.28 Sebacic acid
4.29 Succinic acid (SA)

5.1 Bio-based or renewable plastics
5.1.1 Drop-in bio-based plastics
5.1.2 Novel bio-based plastics
5.2 Biodegradable and compostable plastics
5.2.1 Biodegradability
5.2.2 Compostability
5.3 Advantages and disadvantages
5.4 Types of Bio-based and/or Biodegradable Plastics
5.5 Market leaders by biobased and/or biodegradable plastic types
5.6 Synthetic Bio-Based Polymers
5.6.1 Polylactic acid (Bio-PLA)
5.6.1.1 Market analysis
5.6.1.2 Producers
5.6.2 Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET)
5.6.2.1 Market analysis
5.6.2.2 Producers
5.6.3 Polytrimethylene terephthalate (Bio-PTT)
5.6.3.1 Market analysis
5.6.3.2 Producers
5.6.4 Polyethylene furanoate (Bio-PEF)
5.6.4.1 Market analysis
5.6.4.2 Comparative properties to PET
5.6.4.3 Producers
5.6.5 Polyamides (Bio-PA)
5.6.5.1 Market analysis
5.6.5.2 Producers
5.6.6 Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (Bio-PBAT)
5.6.6.1 Market analysis
5.6.6.2 Producers
5.6.7 Polybutylene succinate (PBS) and copolymers
5.6.7.1 Market analysis
5.6.7.2 Producers
5.6.8 Polyethylene (Bio-PE)
5.6.8.1 Market analysis
5.6.8.2 Producers
5.6.9 Polypropylene (Bio-PP)
5.6.9.1 Market analysis
5.6.9.2 Producers
5.7 Natural Bio-Based Polymers
5.7.1 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)
5.7.1.1 Types
5.7.1.2 Synthesis and production processes
5.7.1.3 Market analysis
5.7.1.4 Commercially available PHAs
5.7.1.5 Markets for PHAs
5.7.1.6 Producers
5.7.2 Polysaccharides
5.7.2.1 Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC)
5.7.2.2 Cellulose nanocrystals
5.7.2.3 Cellulose nanofibers
5.7.3 Protein-based bioplastics
5.7.3.1 Types, applications and producers
5.7.4 Algal and fungal
5.7.4.1 Algal
5.7.4.2 Mycelium
5.7.5 Chitosan
5.8 Production of biobased and sustainable plastics, by region
5.8.1 North America
5.8.2 Europe
5.8.3 Asia-Pacific
5.8.3.1 China
5.8.3.2 Japan
5.8.3.3 Thailand
5.8.3.4 Indonesia
5.8.4 Latin America
5.9 Market Segmentation Of Bioplastics
5.9.1 Packaging
5.9.2 Consumer products
5.9.3 Automotive
5.9.4 Building & construction
5.9.5 Textiles
5.9.6 Electronics
5.9.7 Agriculture and horticulture

6.1 9Fiber, Inc.
6.2 ADBioplastics
6.3 Advanced Biochemical (Thailand) Co., Ltd.
6.4 AGRANA Staerke GmbH
6.5 Algix LLC
6.6 AlgiKnit
6.7 AMSilk GmbH
6.8 An Phát Bioplastics
6.9 Ankor Bioplastics Co., Ltd.
6.10 Anellotech, Inc.
6.11 Anqing He Xing Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.12 Applied Bioplastics
6.13 Aquafil S.p.A.
6.14 Aquapak Polymers Ltd
6.15 Archer Daniel Midland Company (ADM)
6.16 Arctic Biomaterials Oy
6.17 Arkema S.A
6.18 Arlanxeo
6.19 Arrow Greentech
6.20 Arzeda Corp.
6.21 Attis Innovations, llc
6.22 AVA Biochem AG
6.23 Avantium B.V.
6.24 Avani Eco
6.25 Ayas Renewables Inc.
6.26 Azolla
6.27 BASF SE
6.28 BBCA Biochemical & GALACTIC Lactic Acid Co., Ltd.
6.29 Bcomp ltd.
6.30 Bioextrax AB
6.31 Bio Fab NZ
6.32 BIO-FED
6.33 Biofibre GmbH
6.34 Biofine Technology, LLC
6.35 BioLogiQ, Inc.
6.36 Bioextrax AB
6.37 Biomass Resin Holdings Co., Ltd.
6.38 Biome Bioplastics
6.39 BIOTEC GmbH & Co. KG
6.40 Biofiber Tech Sweden AB
6.41 Bioplastech Ltd
6.42 Biotrem
6.43 BlockTexx Pty Ltd.
6.44 BluCon Biotech GmbH
6.45 Blue BioFuels, Inc.
6.46 Bluepha Beijing Lanjing Microbiology Technology Co., Ltd.
6.47 Bolt Threads
6.48 Borealis AG
6.49 Borregaard Chemcell
6.50 Bosk Bioproducts Inc.
6.51 B-PREG
6.52 Braskem SA
6.53 Bio Fab NZ
6.54 Carbiolice
6.55 Carbios
6.56 Cardia Bioplastics Ltd.
6.57 CARAPAC Company
6.58 Cargill
6.59 Catalyxx
6.60 Cathay Industrial Biotech, Ltd.
6.61 Celanese Corporation
6.62 Cellucomp Ltd.
6.63 Cellugy
6.64 Cellutech AB (Stora Enso)
6.65 CH-Bioforce Oy
6.66 Checkerspot, Inc.
6.67 Chempolis Oy
6.68 Chongqing Bofei Biochemical Products Co., Ltd.
6.69 Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd.
6.70 Circa Group
6.71 CJ CheilJedang Corporation
6.72 Corumat, Inc.
6.73 Clariant AG
6.74 Cristal Union Group
6.75 Cruz Foam
6.76 CuanTec Ltd.
6.77 Daicel Polymer Ltd.
6.78 Daio Paper Corporation
6.79 DAK Americas LLC
6.80 Danimer Scientific LLC
6.81 Diamond Green Diesel LLC
6.82 DIC Corporation
6.83 Dongying Hebang Chemical Corp.
6.84 Dow, Inc.
6.85 Royal DSM N.V
6.86 DuFor Resins B.V.
6.87 DuPont
6.88 DuPont Tate & Lyle Bio Products Co., LLC
6.89 Eastman Chemical Ltd. Corporation
6.90 Ecoshell
6.91 Ecovia Renewables
6.92 Ecovative Design LLC
6.93 EggPlant Srl
6.94 EMS-Grivory
6.95 Eni S.p.A.
6.96 Eranova
6.97 Esbottle Oy
6.98 Evolved By Nature
6.99 Evonik Industries AG
6.100 Fairbrics
6.101 Far Eastern New Century Corporation
6.102 Fiberlean Technologies
6.103 Fiberight
6.104 FKuR Kunststoff GmbH
6.105 Floreon
6.106 Foamplant BV
6.107 Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC
6.108 Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF
6.109 Fuji Pigment Co., Ltd.
6.110 Full Cycle Bioplastics LLC
6.111 Futerro
6.112 Futuramat Sarl
6.113 Galatea Biotech Srl
6.114 Gen3Bio
6.115 Genecis Bioindustries, Inc.
6.116 Genomatica
6.117 Grabio Greentech Corporation
6.118 Granbio Technologies
6.119 Grupp MAIP
6.120 GS Alliance Co. Ltd
6.121 Guangzhou Bio-plus Materials Technology Co., Ltd.
6.122 Haldor Topsoe A/S
6.123 Hattori Shoten K.K.
6.124 Hebei Casda Biomaterials Co., Ltd.
6.125 Hebei Jiheng Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.126 Hebei Xinhua Lactic Acid Co.
6.127 Heilongjiang Chenneng Bioengineering Ltd.
6.128 Henan Jindan Lactic Acid Technology Co., Ltd.
6.129 Henan Xinghan Biological Technology Co., Ltd.
6.130 Hengshui Jinghua Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.131 Hengli Petrochemical
6.132 Hokuetsu Toyo Fibre Co., Ltd.
6.133 Hubei Guangshui National Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.134 Humintech GmbH
6.135 Hunan Anhua Lactic Acid Co
6.136 India Glycols Ltd.
6.137 Indochine Bio Plastiques (ICBP) Sdn Bhd
6.138 Indorama Ventures Public Co. Ltd.
6.139 Inovyn
6.140 Inspidere B.V.
6.141 Ioniqa
6.142 Itaconix
6.143 Jiangsu Anpon Electrochemical Co., Ltd
6.144 Jiangsu Jinhe Hi-Tech Co., Ltd.
6.145 Jiangsu Senda Biological Engineering Co., Ltd.
6.146 Jiangsu Torise Biomaterials Co., Ltd
6.147 Jiangsu Yangnong Chemical Group Co., Ltd.
6.148 Jiangsu Zhongzheng Biochemical Co., Ltd.
6.149 Jilin COFCO Biomaterial Corporation
6.150 JinHui ZhaoLang High Technology Co., Ltd.
6.151 Jungbunzlauer Suisse AG
6.152 Kaneka Corporation
6.153 Kingfa Sci. & Tech. Co. Ltd.
6.154 Kolon Industries, Inc.
6.155 Kraig Biocraft Laboratories
6.156 LAM’ON
6.157 Lactips S.A.
6.158 LCY Biosciences
6.159 Lean Orb
6.160 Lenzing AG
6.161 LEUNA-Harze GmbH
6.162 LG Chem
6.163 Lingrove, Inc.
6.164 Lixea Limited
6.165 Locus Fermentation Solutions
6.166 Loick Biowertstoff GmbH
6.167 Loliware LLC
6.168 LOTTE Chemical Corporation
6.169 LyondellBasell Industries Holdings B.V.
6.170 Made of Air GmbH
6.171 Mango Materials, Inc.
6.172 Marea
6.173 Marine Innovation Co., Ltd
6.174 MedPHA Bio-Tech Co., Ltd.
6.175 Meghmani Finechem Ltd.
6.176 Mercurius Biorefining Inc
6.177 METabolic EXplorer S.A. (METEX)
6.178 Metgen Oy
6.179 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
6.180 Mitsubishi Polyester Film GmbH
6.181 Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
6.182 Mobius
6.183 Mogu S.r.l.
6.184 Multibax Public Co., Ltd.
6.185 Mura Technology Limited
6.186 Musashino Chemical Laboratory, Ltd.
6.187 MYCL
6.188 MycoWorks
6.189 Nabaco, Inc.
6.190 Nafigate Corporation a.s.
6.191 Nanollose Ltd
6.192 Nantong Cellulose Fibers Co., Ltd
6.193 Nantong Jiuding Biological Engineering Co., Ltd.
6.194 NatPol
6.195 Natural Fiber Welding, Inc.
6.196 NatureWorks LLC
6.197 NefFa
6.198 Neste Oyj
6.199 Newlight Technologies LLC
6.200 New Zealand Natural Fibers (NZNF)
6.201 NEXE Innovations Inc.
6.202 Ningbo Huanyang Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.203 Ningbo Tianan Biologic Material
6.204 Nippon Paper Industries
6.205 Norske Skog AS
6.206 Northern Technologies International
6.207 Notpla
6.208 Novamont S.p.A.
6.209 Novomer
6.210 NUREL S.A.
6.211 Nxtlevvel
6.212 Oakbio, Inc.
6.213 Oimo
6.214 Oleon N.V.
6.215 Oji Paper Company
6.216 Origin Materials
6.217 Paques Biomaterials
6.218 PHABuilder
6.219 PHB Industrial S.A.
6.220 Photanol B.V.
6.221 Plafco Fibertech Oy
6.222 Plantic Technologies Ltd.
6.223 Plantics B.V.
6.224 Polaris Renewables LLC
6.225 Polyferm
6.226 Pond Biomaterials
6.227 PT Intera Lestari Polimer
6.228 PTT MCC Biochem Co., Ltd.
6.229 Qnature UG
6.230 Radical Plastics
6.231 Radici Group
6.232 Red Avenue New Materials Group Co., Ltd.
6.233 RenCom AB
6.234 Relement BV
6.235 Ripro Corporation
6.236 Rodenburg Biopolymers B.V.
6.237 Roquette S.A.
6.238 RWDC Industries
6.239 Samyang Corporation
6.240 Saphium Biotechnology GMBH
6.241 Saudi Basic Industries Corp. (SABIC)
6.242 Sebacic Oman SAOC
6.243 Seevix Material Sciences Ltd.
6.244 Sebiplast s.r.l.
6.245 S-EnPol Co., Ltd.
6.246 Seiko PMC Corporation
6.247 Shandong Baisheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
6.248 Shandong Fuwin New Material Co., Ltd.
6.249 Shandong Landian Biological Technology Co., Ltd.
6.250 Shandong Minji Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.251 Shandong Siqiang Chemical Group Co., Ltd.
6.252 Shanghai Tong-Jie-Liang Biomaterials Co., Ltd.
6.253 Shanxi Leda Biochemical Co., Ltd.
6.254 Shanxi Zhengang Chemical Co., Ltd.
6.255 Shenghong Group
6.256 Shenzhen Ecomann Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
6.257 Shenzhen Esun Industrial Co., Ltd.
6.258 Sirmax Group
6.259 SK Chemicals Co., Ltd.
6.260 Smartfiber AG
6.261 Solvay SA
6.262 Soma Bioworks/White Lemur Co.
6.263 Spectrus Sustainable Solutions Pvt Ltd
6.264 Spiber, Inc.
6.265 Spidey Tek
6.266 Spolchemie
6.267 STORA ENSO OYJ
6.268 Sulapac Oy
6.269 Sulzer Chemtech AG
6.270 Sunar Misir
6.271 SUPLA Bioplastics
6.272 TAIF-NK
6.273 Tanin sevnica kemicna industrija
6.274 TBM Co., Ltd.
6.275 TECNARO GmbH
6.276 TechnipFMC
6.277 Teijin Ltd
6.278 TerraVerdae BioWorks Inc
6.279 Teysha Technologies Limited
6.280 thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG
6.281 Tianan Biologic Material Co., Ltd.
6.282 Tianjin GreenBio Materials Co., Ltd
6.283 Tianxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
6.284 Tômtex
6.285 Tongliao Xinghe Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
6.286 Toray Industries, Inc.
6.287 Total Corbion PLA
6.288 Toyobo Co., Ltd.
6.289 Treemera GmbH
6.290 TripleW
6.291 UBQ Materials
6.292 Uluu
6.293 Unitika Ltd.
6.294 UPM-Kymmene Oyj
6.295 VEnvirotech Biotechnology SL
6.296 Virent Inc.
6.297 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd
6.298 Vynova
6.299 WeylChem International GmbH
6.300 Woodly Ltd.
6.301 Wuhan Sanjiang Space Good Biotech Co., Ltd.
6.302 Xampla
6.303 Xinjiang Lanshan Tunhe
6.304 Yield10 Bioscience, Inc.
6.305 Zhangjiagang Glory Chemical Industry Co., Ltd
6.306 Zhejiang Hangzhou Xinfu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
6.307 Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Co., Ltd.
6.308 Zhejiang Youcheng New Materials Co., Ltd

Table 1. Market drivers and trends in biobased and sustainable plastics.
Table 2. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2018-2030, in 1,000 tons.
Table 3. Global production capacities, by producers.
Table 4. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2019-2030, by type, in 1,000 tons.
Table 5. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2019-2025, by region, tons.
Table 6. Issues related to the use of plastics.
Table 7. List of Bio-based chemicals.
Table 8. Biobased MEG producers capacities.
Table 9. Type of biodegradation.
Table 10. Advantages and disadvantages of biobased plastics compared to conventional plastics.
Table 11. Types of Bio-based and/or Biodegradable Plastics, applications.
Table 12. Market leader by Bio-based and/or Biodegradable Plastic types.
Table 13. Polylactic acid (PLA) market analysis.
Table 14. Lactic acid producers and production capacities.
Table 15. PLA producers and production capacities.
Table 16. Planned PLA capacity expansions in China.
Table 17. Bio-based Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET) market analysis.
Table 18. Bio-based Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) producers.
Table 19. Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) market analysis.
Table 20. Production capacities of Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), by leading producers.
Table 21. Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) market analysis.
Table 22. PEF vs. PET.
Table 23. FDCA and PEF producers.
Table 24. Bio-based polyamides (Bio-PA) market analysis.
Table 25. Leading Bio-PA producers production capacities.
Table 26. Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) market analysis.
Table 27. Leading PBAT producers, production capacities and brands.
Table 28. Bio-PBS market analysis.
Table 29. Leading PBS producers and production capacities.
Table 30. Bio-based Polyethylene (Bio-PE) market analysis.
Table 31. Leading Bio-PE producers.
Table 32. Bio-PP market analysis.
Table 33. Leading Bio-PP producers and capacities.
Table 34.Types of PHAs and properties.
Table 35. Comparison of the physical properties of different PHAs with conventional petroleum-based polymers.
Table 36. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) extraction methods.
Table 37. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) market analysis.
Table 38. Commercially available PHAs.
Table 39. Markets and applications for PHAs.
Table 40. Applications, advantages and disadvantages of PHAs in packaging.
Table 41. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) producers.
Table 42. Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) market analysis.
Table 43. Leading MFC producers and capacities.
Table 44. Cellulose nanocrystals analysis.
Table 45: Cellulose nanocrystal production capacities and production process, by producer.
Table 46. Cellulose nanofibers market analysis.
Table 47. CNF production capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tons.
Table 48. Types of protein based-bioplastics, applications and companies.
Table 49. Types of algal and fungal based-bioplastics, applications and companies.
Table 50. Overview of alginate-description, properties, application and market size.
Table 51. Companies developing algal-based bioplastics.
Table 52. Overview of mycelium fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
Table 53. Companies developing mycelium-based bioplastics.
Table 54. Overview of chitosan-description, properties, drawbacks and applications.
Table 55. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics in 2019-2025, by region, tons.
Table 56. Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in North America.
Table 57. Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in Europe.
Table 58. Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in Asia-Pacific.
Table 59. Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in Latin America.
Table 60. Granbio Nanocellulose Processes.
Table 61. Lactips plastic pellets.
Table 62. Oji Holdings CNF products.

Figure 1. Total global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics, all types, 000 tons.
Figure 2. Global production capacities of bioplastics 2018-2030, in 1,000 tons by biodegradable/non-biodegradable types.
Figure 3. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics in 2019-2030, by type, in 1,000 tons.
Figure 4. Global production capacities of bioplastics in 2019-2025, by type.
Figure 5. Global production capacities of bioplastics in 2030, by type.
Figure 6. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2020.
Figure 7. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2025.
Figure 8. Current and future applications of biobased and sustainable plastics.
Figure 9. Global demand for biobased and sustainable plastics by end user market, 2020.
Figure 10. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics by end user market 2019-2030, tons.
Figure 11. Challenges for the biobased and sustainable plastics market.
Figure 12. Global plastics production 1950-2018, millions of tons.
Figure 13. Bio-based chemicals production capacities, 2018-2025.
Figure 14. 1,4-Butanediol (BDO) production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes).
Figure 15. Dodecanedioic acid (DDDA) production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes).
Figure 16. Epichlorohydrin production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes).
Figure 17. Ethylene production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes).
Figure 18. L-lactic acid (L-LA) production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes).49
Figure 19. Lactide production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes).
Figure 20. Bio-MEG producers capacities.
Figure 21. Bio-MPG production capacities, 2018-2025.
Figure 22. Naphtha production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes).
Figure 23. 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO) production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes).
Figure 24. Sebacic acid production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes).
Figure 25. Coca-Cola PlantBottle®.
Figure 26. Interrelationship between conventional, bio-based and biodegradable plastics.
Figure 27. Production capacities of Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) to 2025.
Figure 28. PHA family.
Figure 29. BLOOM masterbatch from Algix.
Figure 30. Typical structure of mycelium-based foam.
Figure 31. Commercial mycelium composite construction materials.
Figure 32. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2020.
Figure 33. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2025.
Figure 34. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics by end user market 2019, 1,000 tons.
Figure 35. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics by end user market 2020, 1,000 tons.
Figure 36. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics by end user market 2030
Figure 37. PHA bioplastics products.
Figure 38. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in packaging 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons.
Figure 39. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in consumer products 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons.
Figure 40. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in automotive 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons.
Figure 41. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in building and construction 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons.
Figure 42. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in textiles 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons.
Figure 43. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in electronics 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons.
Figure 44. Biodegradable mulch films.
Figure 45. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in agriculture 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons.
Figure 46. Algiknit yarn.
Figure 47. Bio-PA rear bumper stay.
Figure 48. formicobio™ technology.
Figure 49. nanoforest-S.
Figure 50. nanoforest-PDP.
Figure 51. nanoforest-MB.
Figure 52. CuanSave film.
Figure 53. ELLEX products.
Figure 54. CNF-reinforced PP compounds.
Figure 55. Kirekira! toilet wipes.
Figure 56. Mushroom leather.
Figure 57. Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF) composite with polyethylene (PE).
Figure 58. PHA production process.
Figure 59. Cutlery samples (spoon, knife, fork) made of nano cellulose and biodegradable plastic composite materials.
Figure 60. Non-aqueous CNF dispersion "Senaf" (Photo shows 5% of plasticizer).
Figure 61. CNF gel.
Figure 62. Block nanocellulose material.
Figure 63. CNF products developed by Hokuetsu.
Figure 64. Made of Air's HexChar panels.
Figure 65. IPA synthesis method.
Figure 66. MOGU-Wave panels.
Figure 67. Reishi.
Figure 68. Nippon Paper Industries’ adult diapers.
Figure 69. Compostable water pod.
Figure 70. CNF clear sheets.
Figure 71. Oji Holdings CNF polycarbonate product.
Figure 72. Manufacturing process for STARCEL.
Figure 73. Lyocell process.
Figure 74. Spider silk production.
Figure 75. Sulapac cosmetics containers.
Figure 76. Sulzer equipment for PLA polymerization processing.
Figure 77. Teijin bioplastic film for door handles.
Figure 78. Corbion FDCA production process.