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Asia-Pacific Telecom Towers Market Report - 2020-2025

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    Report

  • 124 Pages
  • May 2021
  • Region: Asia Pacific
  • Idem Est Research
  • ID: 5331873

This report provides analyses of revenue and market forecasts as well as statistics of the Asia-Pacific telecoms industry including market sizing, 5-year forecasts, market insights, key telecom trends, and 5G.

The following is also featured in the report:


  • Overall Telecom Towers Market Share
  • Tower Company Profiles (American Tower, AP Towers (Pan Asia Towers & Apollo), Ascend Telecom, ATN, Axicom, Bali Tower, BAI Communications, Centratama Menara, China Tower, Digital Technology Infrastructure Fund, DITO, Eco Friendly Tower, edotco, Gihon, Globe, Golden Tower, Guodong, IBS Towers, Irrawaddy Green Towers, Indus Towers, Mitratel, OCK Group, Protelindo, Reliance Jio Infratel, Sacofa, Sino Netstone, Smart, State-Backed Towercos, STP, Telstra, Tower Bersama, Tower Vision among others)
  • Telecom Towers Competitive Landscape
  • Countries covered: Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Zealand, Philippines, South Korea, Thailand and Vietnam
  • Telecom Towers, Tenancy Ratios & Revenue & Market Share
  • Telecom Towers Valuations and Key Measures
  • Revenue per Tower, Revenue per Tenant
  • Mobile Subscribers, Penetration & ARPU Forecasts
  • Regulatory Considerations
  • Thematics/Opportunities relating to 5G, Open RAN
  • Telecoms Infrastructure Review
  • Telecom Towers Transaction Database

Why You Should Buy this Report:


  • Benefit from the latest market opportunities
  • Understand the threats to your operations and investments and protect your company against future risks
  • Gain insights on emerging trends supporting, enhancing or disrupting your activities in the market
  • Get a full view of the competitive landscape to assess your market position.
  • Forecasts as a key input for successful budgeting and strategic business planning in the telecoms market
  • Target business opportunities and risks in the telecoms sector through our reviews of latest industry trends, regulatory changes and major deals, projects and investments
  • Assess the activities, strategy and market position of your competitors, partners and clients via our Towers Profiles
  • This report includes a comprehensive review of the Asian and Pacific regions telecom towers market dynamics, market sizing, market forecasts, analysis, insights and key trends

Table of Contents

1 Key Statistics
1.1 Asia Pacific’s Population
1.2 The Race to Lead in 5G and Beyond

2 COVID-19 Impact

3 Overall Telecom Towers Market, 2020-2025
3.1 Global Telecom Towers Market Overview
3.2 Asia-Pacific Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
3.3 Telecoms Towers Operating Models & Valuation
3.3.1 The Attraction of Infrastructure Multiples
3.3.2 Tower Companies Ownership Models
3.4 Valuation of Tower Companies, 2015-2020
3.4.1 Asia Pacific Telecom Tower Sector Considerations
3.4.2 Tower Portfolio Valuation KPIs & Success Factors
3.4.3 Telecom Tower Build vs Buy Benchmark
3.4.1 Tower Density Benchmark

4 Australia Telecom Tower Infrastructure Landscape
4.1 Australia Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
4.1.1 Australia Telecom Towers Market Overview
4.1.2 Australia Telecom Towers Background
4.2 Australia Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
4.3 Mobile Coverage
4.4 Australia Telecom Towers & Rooftops Market Forecast
4.4.1 Australia Telecom Towers Forecast, 2020-2025
4.4.2 Regulatory Considerations
4.4.3 Australia Smartphone Share, 2021
4.5 Telstra InfraCo
4.5.1 Telstra InfraCo Towers Key Performance Indicators
4.6 Optus Profile
4.6.1 Optus Towers Key Performance Indicators
4.7 Australia Tower Network (ATN) Profile
4.7.1 Australia Telecom Network Key Performance Indicators
4.8 Axicom Profile
4.8.1 Axicom Key Performance Indicators
4.9 National Broadband Network (NBN) Profile
4.9.1 NBN Key Performance Indicators
4.10 BAI Communications Profile
4.10.1 BAI Communications Key Performance Indicators

5 China Telecom Towers Infrastructure Landscape
5.1 China Telecom Tower Market Analysis, 2020
5.1.1 China Telecom Tower Market Overview
5.1.2 China Telecom Towers Background
5.2 China Telecom Towers Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
5.3 China Telecom Tower & Rooftops Market Forecast
5.3.1 China Telecom Towers and Rooftops, Revenue, Penetration Forecast, 2020-2025
5.3.2 Regulatory Considerations
5.3.3 China Smartphone Share, 2021
5.4 China Tower Co Profile
5.4.1 China Tower Co Revenue, EBITDA and Capex, 2014 - 2020
5.4.1 China Tower Key Performance Indicators
5.5 Guodong Profile
5.5.1 Guodong Towers Key Performance Indicators
5.6 Miteno Profile
5.6.1 Miteno Towers Key Performance Indicators
5.7 Sino Netstone Profile
5.7.1 Sino Netstone Towers Key Performance Indicators

6 India Telecom Towers Infrastructure Landscape
6.1 India Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
6.1.1 India Telecom Towers Market Overview
6.1.2 India Telecom Towers Background
6.2 India Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
6.3 India Telecom Towers & Rooftops Market Forecast
6.3.1 India Telecom Towers and Rooftops Forecast, 2020-2025
6.3.2 Regulatory Considerations
6.3.3 India Smartphone Share, 2021
6.4 Reliance Jio Infratel Profile
6.4.1 Reliance Jio Infratel Towers Key Performance Indicators
6.5 Indus Towers Profile
6.5.1 Indus Towers Revenue, EBITDA and Capex, 2014 - 2020
6.5.2 Indus Towers Key Performance Indicators
6.6 American Tower Profile
6.6.1 American Tower Key Performance Indicators
6.7 GTL Infrastructure Profile
6.7.1 GTL Infrastructure Towers Key Performance Indicators
6.8 Tower Vision Profile
6.8.1 Tower Vision Towers Key Performance Indicators
6.9 Ascend Telecom Profile
6.9.1 Ascend Telecom Towers Key Performance Indicators
6.10 Spectrum Holdings
6.10.1 Spectrum Regulation

7 Indonesia Telecom Towers Infrastructure Landscape
7.1 Indonesia Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
7.1.1 Indonesia Telecom Towers Market Overview
7.1.2 Indonesia Telecom Towers Background
7.2 Indonesia Tower Market Competitive Landscape
Comparison
7.3 Indonesia Telecom Towers & Rooftops Market Forecast
7.3.1 Indonesia Telecom Towers and Rooftops, Revenue, Penetration Forecast, 2020-2025
7.3.2 Regulatory Considerations
7.3.3 Indonesia Smartphone Share, 2021
7.4 Mitratel Profile
7.4.1 Mitratel Towers Key Performance Indicators
7.5 Tower bersama Profile
7.5.1 Tower Bersama Revenue, EBITDA and Towers, 2014 - 2020
7.5.2 Tower Bersama Key Performance Indicators
7.6 Protelindo Profile
7.6.1 Protelindo Revenue, EBITDA and Towers, 2014 - 2020
7.6.2 Protelindo Key Performance Indicators
7.7 Centratama Menara Profile
7.7.1 Centratama Menara Towers Key Performance Indicators
7.8 IBS Towers Profile
7.8.1 IBS Towers Key Performance Indicators
7.9 STP Telecom Profile
7.9.1 STP Towers Key Performance Indicators
7.10 Bali Tower Telecom Profile
7.10.1 Bali Tower Towers Key Performance Indicators
7.11 Digital Colony Telecom Profile

8 Japan Telecom Towers Infrastructure Landscape
8.1 Japan Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
8.1.1 JTOWER Profile

9 Malaysia Telecom Towers Infrastructure Landscape
9.1 Malaysia Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
9.1.1 Malaysia Telecom Towers Market Overview
9.1.2 Malaysia Telecom Towers Background
9.2 Malaysia Telecom Towers Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
9.2.1 Malaysia Telecom Towers Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
9.3 Malaysia Telecom Towers & Rooftops Market Forecast
9.3.1 Malaysia Telecom Towers Forecast, 2020-2025
9.3.2 Regulatory Considerations
9.3.3 Malaysia Smartphone Share, 2021
9.4 edotco Profile
9.4.1 edotco Towers Key Performance Indicators
9.5 Sacofa Profile
9.5.1 Sacofa Key Performance Indicators
9.6 OCK Profile
9.6.1 OCK Key Performance Indicators
9.7 State-Backed TowerCos Profile
9.7.1 State-Backed Towercos Towers Key Performance Indicators

10 Myanmar Telecom Towers Infrastructure Landscape
10.1 2021 Military Coup
10.2 Myanmar Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
10.2.1 Myanmar Telecom Towers Market Overview
10.2.2 Myanmar Telecom Towers Background
10.3 Myanmar Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
10.3.1 Myanmar Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
10.4 Myanmar Telecom Towers & rooftops Market Forecast
10.4.1 Myanmar Telecom Towers Forecast 2020-2025
10.4.2 Regulatory Considerations
10.4.3 Myanmar Smartphone Share, 2021
10.5 Myanmar Economic Cooperation Profile
10.5.1 Myanmar Economic Cooperation Key Performance Indicators
10.6 Irrawaddy Green Towers Profile
10.6.1 Irrawaddy Green Towers Key Performance Indicators
10.7 Eco Friendly Tower Profile
10.7.1 Eco Friendly Tower Key Performance Indicators
10.8 AP towers Profile
10.8.1 AP Towers Key Performance Indicators
10.9 edotco Profile
10.9.1 edotco Towers Key Performance Indicators
10.10 OCK Profile
10.10.1 OCK Key Performance Indicators

11 New Zealand Telecom Towers Infrastructure Landscape
11.1 Small Tightly Held Tower Market

12 Philippines Telecom Towers Infrastructure Landscape
12.1 Philippines Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
12.1.1 Philippines Telecom Tower Market Overview
12.1.2 Philippines Telecom Towers Background
12.2 Philippines Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
12.2.1 Philippines Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
12.3 Philippines Telecom Towers & rooftops Market Forecast
12.3.1 Philippines Telecom Towers Forecast, 2020-2025
12.3.2 Regulatory Considerations
12.3.3 Philippines Smartphone Share, 2021

13 South Korea Telecom Towers Infrastructure Landscape

14 Thailand Telecom Towers Infrastructure Landscape
14.1 Thailand Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
14.1.1 Thailand Telecom Towers Market Overview
14.1.2 Thailand Telecom Towers Background
14.2 Thailand Telecom Towers Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
14.3 Thailand Telecom Towers & Rooftops Market Forecast
14.3.1 Thailand Telecom Towers Forecast, 2020-2025
14.3.2 Regulatory Considerations
14.3.3 Thailand Smartphone Share, 2021

15 Vietnam Telecom Towers Infrastructure Landscape
15.1 Vietnam Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
15.1.1 Vietnam Telecom Towers Market Overview
15.1.2 Vietnam Telecom Towers Background
15.2 Vietnam Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
15.2.1 Vietnam Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
15.3 Vietnam Telecom Towers & Rooftops Market Forecast
15.3.1 Vietnam Telecom Towers Forecast, 2020-2025
15.4 OCK Profile
15.4.1 OCK Key Performance Indicators
15.5 Golden Tower Profile
15.5.1 Golden Tower Key Performance Indicators
15.6 Nisco Profile
15.6.1 Nisco Key Performance Indicators
15.6.2 Regulatory Considerations
15.6.3 Vietnam Smartphone Share, 2021

16 Thematics / Opportunities
16.1 Mobile Download Data and Pricing Trends
16.2 5G Developments
16.2.1 5G Overview
16.2.2 5G - Relative Capex Investments and Frequency Range
16.2.3 5G OpenRAN
16.2.4 Beyond 5G, 6G Outlook

17 Asia Pacific Telecom Towers Transaction Database

18 Methodology

19 Copyright Notice

List of Figures
Figure 1 - Asia-Pacific Telecom Towers Market by Country - Map, 2020
Figure 2 - Telecoms Providers EV/EBITDA Ranges
Figure 3 - The Infrastructure Carve-Out So Far
Figure 4 - Capita per Tower, 2020
Figure 5 - Australia Telecom Towers Market Share, 2020
Figure 6 - Australia Telecom Towers & Rooftops Forecast, 2019-2025
Figure 7 - China Telecom Towers Market Share, 2020
Figure 8 - China Telecom Towers & Rooftops Forecast, 2019-2025
Figure 9 - India Telecom Towers Market Share, 2020
Figure 10 - India Telecom Towers & Rooftops Forecast, 2020-2025
Figure 11 - Indonesia Telecom Towers Market Share, 2020
Figure 12 - Indonesia Telecom Towers Forecast, 2020-2025
Figure 13 - Japan Telecom Towers Market Share, 2020
Figure 14 - Malaysia Telecom Tower Market Share, 2020
Figure 15 - Malaysia Telecom Towers Forecast, 2020-2025
Figure 16 - Myanmar Mobile Tower Market Share, 2020
Figure 17 - Myanmar Telecom Towers Forecast, 2020-2025
Figure 18 - New Zealand Tower Market Share, 2020
Figure 19 - Philippines Tower Market Share, 2020
Figure 20 - Philippines Telecom Towers Forecast, 2020-2025
Figure 21 - South Korea Telecom Towers Market Share, 2020
Figure 22 - Thailand Telecom Towers Market Share, 2020
Figure 23 - Thailand Telecom Towers Forecast, 2020-2025
Figure 24 - Estimated Tower Market Share, 2020
Figure 25 - Vietnam Telecom Towers Forecast, 2020-2025
Figure 26 - Mobile Handsets Monthly Download Data, 2017-2020
Figure 27 - Data Pricing Trends in Asia-Pacific (US$ per GB per month), 2017-2020
Figure 28 - 5G Network Slices Structure
Figure 29 - Effect of Frequency on Range
Figure 30 - 5G Capacity and Coverage Layers
Figure 31 - Relative Capex Required for 5G Network Infrastructure Investment
Figure 32 - Telecom Infra Project - OpenRAN Vision

List of Tables
Table 1 - Global Comparison of Telecom Towers and TowerCo Presence
Table 2 - Asia-Pacific Telecom Towers Market Analysis by Country, 2020
Table 3 - Telecom Tower Ownership Models
Table 4 - Telecom Tower Valuations Measures & Key Success Factors
Table 5 - Asia-Pacific Telecom Towers Build vs Buy Analysis by Country, 2020
Table 6 - Top Tower Companies (Towercos) in the Asia-Pacific Region Comparison
Table 7 - Australia Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
Table 8 - Australia Telecom Towers Indicative Tower Leasing Annual Fees
Table 9 - Australia Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
Table 10 - Mobile Coverage & Reach - 2020
Table 11 - Australia Telecom Towers and Rooftops, Towers per Capita, Tower Revenue, Mobile Subscribers & Penetration and ARPU Forecast, 2020-2025
Table 12 - Telstra InfraCo Assets Portfolio, 2018-2020
Table 13 - Telstra InfraCo Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 14 - Optus Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 15 - ATN Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 16 - Axicom Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 17 - NBN Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 18 - BAI Communications Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 19 - China Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
Table 20 - China Telecom Towers Indicative Tower Leasing Annual Fees
Table 21 - China Telecom Towers Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
Table 22 - China Telecom Towers, Revenue, Mobile Subscribers, Penetration & ARPU Forecast, 2020-2025
Table 23 - Historical China Tower Co Revenue, EBITDA & Capex, 2014-2019
Table 24 - China Tower Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 25 - Guodong Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 26 - Miteno Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 27 - Sino Netstone Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 28 - India Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
Table 29 - India Telecom Towers Indicative Tower Leasing Annual Fees
Table 30 - India Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
Table 31 - India Telecom Towers Transaction Database, 2009-2020
Table 32 - India Telecom Towers and Rooftops, Revenue, Mobile Subscribers, Penetration & ARPU Forecast, 2020-2025
Table 33 - Reliance Jio Infratel Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 34 - Historical Indus Towers Co Revenue, EBITDA & Capex, 2014-2020
Table 35 - Indus Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 36 - American Tower Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 37 - GTL Infrastructure Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 38 - Tower Vision Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 39 - Ascend Telecom Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 40 - Indonesia Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
Table 41 - Indonesia Telecom Towers Indicative Tower Leasing Annual Fees
Table 42 - Indonesia Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison (1 of 2)
Table 43 - Indonesia Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison (2 of 2)
Table 44 - Indonesia Telecom Towers Transaction Database, 2008-2020
Table 45 - Indonesia Telecom Towers and Rooftops, Revenue, Mobile Subscribers, Penetration & ARPU Forecast, 2020-2025
Table 46 - Mitratel Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 47 - Historical Tower Bersama Revenue, EBITDA & Capex, 2014-2020
Table 48 - Tower Bersama Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 49 - Historical Protelindo Revenue, EBITDA & Capex, 2014-2020
Table 50 - Protelindo Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 51 - Centratama Menara Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 52 - IBS Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 53 - STP Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 54 - Bali Tower Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 55 - Malaysia Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
Table 56 - Malaysia Tenant Indicative Tower Leasing Annual Fees
Table 57 - Malaysia Telecom Towers Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
Table 58 - Malaysia Telecom Towers, Revenue, Mobile Subscribers, Penetration & ARPU Forecast, 2020-2025
Table 59 - edotco Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 60 - Sacofa Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 61 - OCK Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 62 - State Backed Company TowerCos Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 63 - State-Backed Towercos Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 64 - Myanmar Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
Table 65 - Myanmar Tenant Indicative Tower Leasing Annual Fees
Table 66 - Myanmar Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
Table 67 - Myanmar Telecom Towers, Revenue, Mobile Subscribers, Penetration & ARPU Forecast, 2020-2025
Table 68 - Myanmar Economic Cooperation Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 69 - Irrawaddy Green Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 70 - Eco Friendly Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 71 - AP Towers Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 72 - edotco Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 73 - OCK Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 74 - Philippines Telecom Market Analysis, 2020
Table 75 - Philippines Tenant Indicative Tower Leasing Annual Fees
Table 76 - Philippines Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
Table 77 - Philippines Telecom Towers, Revenue, Mobile Subscribers, Penetration & ARPU Forecast, 2020-2025
Table 78 - Thailand Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
Table 79 - Thailand Tenant Indicative Tower Leasing Annual Fees
Table 80 - Thailand Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
Table 81 - Thailand Telecom Towers, Revenue, Mobile Penetration & ARPU Forecast, 2020-2025
Table 82 - Vietnam Telecom Towers Market Analysis, 2020
Table 83 - Thailand Tenant Indicative Tower Leasing Annual Fees
Table 84 - Vietnam Tower Market Competitive Landscape Comparison
Table 85 - Vietnam Telecom Towers, Mobile Subscribers, Penetration & ARPU Forecast, 2020-2025
Table 86 - OCK Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 87 - Golden Tower Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 88 - Nisco Key Performance Indicators, 2020
Table 89 - Technology Specifications (ADSL, FTTN, Fibre, 4G/LTE, 4G/LTE-A and 5G)
Table 90 - Telecom Towers Transaction Database, 2015-2020


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Executive Summary

Asia-Pacific Telecom Towers Market Report at a Glance

Telecom tower infrastructure is a crucial asset for mobile operators, governments, independent infrastructure tower companies (towercos) and mobile users - with the mobile footprint central to covering its customer base, and the management and operation of towers essential to its cost and network quality performance.

Extensive consolidation and M&A activity are taking place, with a global divestment of sites to towerco - such that today 70% of the >4.7 million towers globally are owned/operated by towercos.

The Asia-Pacific represents over 70% of the global telecom towers market (3.2m towers) while the Americas have about 400k towers, Europe 600k towers and Middle East & Africa with about 200k towers.

In some markets in the Asia-Pacific region markets such as Australia, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, MNOs traditionally have owned and held on to their tower assets and limited tower infrastructure sharing in key regional areas as a differentiator in terms of mobile coverage. The high Capex requirements of 5G rollout is pushing MNOs to revisit that strategy and consider telecom tower asset monetisation to finance more tower builds to cater for the 5G mid-band and mmWave high frequencies rollouts.

In some instances, MNOs transferred their tower assets into a fully or partially-owned towerco such as Mitratel, edotco and Digital Infrastructure Fund in Thailand.

Independent towercos and towerco joint ventures are more viable and cash accretive business models as they generate a higher return on invested capital, with typically higher tenancy ratios and better operational efficiencies.

Tower companies offer investors an opportunity to diversify their infrastructure exposure to the communications sector. Tower installations are essential to the functioning of the growing range of wireless communications devices with minimal incremental costs to providing additional capacity.

This report analyses the largest telecom towers market in the Asia-Pacific region and profiles the largest tower companies (Towercos).


Companies Mentioned

  • American Tower
  • AP Towers (Pan Asia Towers & Apollo)
  • Ascend Telecom
  • ATN
  • Axicom
  • BAI Communications Australia
  • Bali Tower
  • Beijing RLZY
  • Bharti Airtel
  • Bharti Infratel
  • BSNL/MTNL
  • Centratama Menara
  • China Tower
  • Digital Technology Infrastructure Fund
  • DITO
  • Eco Friendly Tower
  • edotco
  • Gihon
  • Globe
  • Golden Tower
  • GTL Infrastructure
  • Guodong
  • IBS Towers
  • Indus Towers
  • Irrawaddy Green Towers
  • MEC
  • Miteno
  • Mitratel
  • NBN
  • NISCO
  • OCK Group
  • Optus
  • PLDT
  • Protelindo
  • Reliance Jio Infratel
  • Sacofa
  • Sino Netstone
  • Smart
  • State-Backed Towercos
  • STP
  • Telstra
  • Tower Bersama
  • Tower Vision
  • YTL

Methodology

The publisher uses primary and secondary research as well as proprietary information sources to generate market analysis and forecasts for fixed and mobile services in terms of both subscribers and revenue. Interviews are conducted with key service providers in the region to determine current and potential market sizing as well as future service offerings. Information gathered through interviews is further cross-checked to validate the total market size.

The primary research is supplemented with a range of secondary source material, including related research, press releases, securities filings, media, Web-based materials, and trade publications.

Industry and population statistics are also leveraged for reference and to ensure consistency in the data collection. Extensive service provider primary and secondary research, together with the publisher's end-user research database, provides a strong basis for sizing and forecasting the market. The multiple reference points allow for validation of information provided by the service providers compared with that gathered from alternative sources.

Note: Forecasts are made in local currency, and no allowance is made for inflation. All numbers in this document may not be exact due to rounding.

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