The Global Market for Advanced Carbon Materials 2025-2035

1.1        Market overview
1.2        Role of advanced carbon materials in the green transition

2.1        Properties of carbon fibers
2.1.1     Types by modulus
2.1.2     Types by the secondary processing
2.2         Precursor material types
2.2.1      PAN: Polyacrylonitrile
2.2.1.1   Spinning
2.2.1.2   Stabilizing
2.2.1.3   Carbonizing
2.2.1.4   Surface treatment
2.2.1.5   Sizing
2.2.1.6   Pitch-based carbon fibers
2.2.1.7   Isotropic pitch
2.2.1.8   Mesophase pitch
2.2.1.9   Viscose (Rayon)-based carbon fibers
2.2.2      Bio-based and alternative precursors
2.2.2.1   Lignin
2.2.2.2   Polyethylene
2.2.2.3   Vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF)
2.2.2.4   Textile PAN
2.2.3      Recycled carbon fibers (r-CF)
2.2.3.1   Recycling processes
2.2.3.2   Companies
2.2.4      Carbon Fiber 3D Printing
2.2.5      Plasma oxidation
2.2.6      Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP)
2.2.6.1   Applications
2.3         Markets and applications
2.3.1      Aerospace
2.3.2      Wind energy
2.3.3      Sports & leisure
2.3.4      Automotive
2.3.5      Pressure vessels
2.3.6      Oil and gas
2.4         Market analysis
2.4.1      Market Growth Drivers and Trends
2.4.2      Regulations
2.4.3      Price and Costs Analysis
2.4.4      Supply Chain
2.4.5      Competitive Landscape
2.4.5.1   Annual capacity, by producer
2.4.5.2   Market share, by capacity
2.4.6      Future Outlook
2.4.7      Addressable Market Size
2.4.8      Risks and Opportunities
2.4.9      Global market
2.4.9.1   Global carbon fiber demand 2016-2035, by industry (MT)
2.4.9.2   Global carbon fiber revenues 2016-2035, by industry (billions USD)
2.4.9.3   Global carbon fiber demand 2016-2035, by region (MT)
2.5         Company profiles
2.5.1      Carbon fiber producers  (29 company profiles)
2.5.2      Carbon Fiber composite producers   (62 company profiles)
2.5.3      Carbon fiber recyclers  (16 company profiles)

3.1        Commercially available carbon black
3.2        Properties
3.2.1     Particle size distribution
3.2.2     Structure-Aggregate size
3.2.3     Surface chemistry
3.2.4     Agglomerates
3.2.5     Colour properties
3.2.6     Porosity
3.2.7     Physical form
3.3        Manufacturing processes
3.4        Markets and applications
3.4.1     Tires and automotive
3.4.2     Non-Tire Rubber (Industrial rubber)
3.4.3     Other markets
3.5        Specialty carbon black
3.5.1     Global market size for specialty CB
3.6        Recovered carbon black (rCB)
3.6.1     Pyrolysis of End-of-Life Tires (ELT)
3.6.2     Discontinuous (“batch”) pyrolysis
3.6.3     Semi-continuous pyrolysis
3.6.4     Continuous pyrolysis
3.6.5     Key players
3.6.6     Global market size for Recovered Carbon Black
3.7        Market analysis
3.7.1     Market Growth Drivers and Trends
3.7.2     Regulations
3.7.3     Supply chain
3.7.4     Price and Costs Analysis
3.7.4.1  Feedstock
3.7.4.2  Commercial carbon black
3.7.5     Competitive Landscape
3.7.5.1  Production capacities
3.7.6     Future Outlook
3.7.7     Customer Segmentation
3.7.8     Addressable Market Size
3.7.9     Risks and Opportunities
3.7.10   Global market
3.7.10.1   By market (tons)
3.7.10.2   By market (revenues)
3.7.10.3   By region (Tons)
3.8        Company profiles (51 company profiles)

4.1        Types of graphite
4.1.1     Natural vs synthetic graphite
4.2        Natural graphite
4.2.1     Classification
4.2.2     Processing
4.2.3     Flake
4.2.3.1  Grades
4.2.3.2  Applications
4.2.3.3  Spherical graphite
4.2.3.4  Expandable graphite
4.2.4     Amorphous graphite
4.2.4.1  Applications
4.2.5     Crystalline vein graphite
4.2.5.1  Applications
4.3        Synthetic graphite
4.3.1     Classification
4.3.1.1  Primary synthetic graphite
4.3.1.2  Secondary synthetic graphite
4.3.2     Processing
4.3.2.1  Processing for battery anodes
4.3.3     Issues with synthetic graphite production
4.3.4     Isostatic Graphite
4.3.4.1  Description
4.3.4.2  Markets
4.3.4.3  Producers and production capacities
4.3.5     Graphite electrodes
4.3.6     Extruded Graphite
4.3.7     Vibration Molded Graphite
4.3.8     Die-molded graphite
4.4        New technologies
4.5        Recycling of graphite materials
4.6        Green graphite
4.7        Markets and applications for  graphite
4.8        Market analysis
4.8.1     Market Growth Drivers and Trends
4.8.2     Regulations
4.8.3     Price and Costs Analysis
4.8.4     Supply Chain
4.8.5     Competitive Landscape
4.8.6     Future Outlook
4.8.7     Addressable Market Size
4.8.8     Risks and Opportunities
4.9        Global market
4.9.1     Global mine production and reserves of natural graphite
4.9.2     Global graphite production in tonnes, 2016-2022
4.9.3     Estimated global graphite production in tonnes, 2023-2035
4.9.4     Synthetic graphite supply
4.9.5     Global market demand for graphite by end use market 2016-2035, tonnes
4.9.5.1  Natural graphite
4.9.5.2  Synthetic graphite
4.9.6     Demand for graphite by end use markets, 2022
4.9.7     Demand for graphite by end use markets, 2033
4.9.8     Demand by region
4.9.9     Main market players
4.9.9.1  Natural graphite
4.9.9.2  Synthetic graphite
4.9.10   Market supply chain
4.10      Company profiles  (96 company profiles)

5.1        What is biochar?
5.2        Carbon sequestration
5.3        Properties of biochar
5.4        Markets and applications
5.5        Biochar production
5.6        Feedstocks
5.7        Production processes
5.7.1     Sustainable production
5.7.2     Pyrolysis
5.7.2.1  Slow pyrolysis
5.7.2.2  Fast pyrolysis
5.7.3     Gasification
5.7.4     Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC)
5.7.5     Torrefaction
5.7.6     Equipment manufacturers
5.8        Carbon credits
5.8.1     Overview
5.8.2     Removal and reduction credits
5.8.3     The advantage of biochar
5.8.4     Price
5.8.5     Buyers of biochar credits
5.8.6     Competitive materials and technologies
5.8.6.1  Geologic carbon sequestration
5.8.6.2  Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS)
5.8.6.3  Direct Air Carbon Capture and Storage (DACCS)
5.8.6.4  Enhanced mineral weathering with mineral carbonation
5.8.6.5  Ocean alkalinity enhancement
5.8.6.6  Forest preservation and afforestation
5.9        Markets for biochar
5.9.1     Agriculture & livestock farming
5.9.1.1  Market drivers and trends
5.9.1.2  Applications
5.9.2     Construction materials
5.9.2.1  Market drivers and trends
5.9.2.2  Applications
5.9.3     Wastewater treatment
5.9.3.1  Market drivers and trends
5.9.3.2  Applications
5.9.4     Filtration
5.9.4.1  Market drivers and trends
5.9.4.2  Applications
5.9.5     Carbon capture
5.9.5.1  Market drivers and trends
5.9.5.2  Applications
5.9.6     Cosmetics
5.9.6.1  Market drivers and trends
5.9.6.2  Applications
5.9.7     Textiles
5.9.7.1  Market drivers and trends
5.9.7.2  Applications
5.9.8     Additive manufacturing
5.9.8.1  Market drivers and trends
5.9.8.2  Applications
5.9.9     Ink
5.9.9.1  Market drivers and trends
5.9.9.2  Applications
5.9.10   Polymers
5.9.10.1  Market drivers and trends
5.9.10.2  Applications
5.9.11    Packaging
5.9.11.1   Market drivers and trends
5.9.11.2   Applications
5.9.12   Steel and metal
5.9.12.1    Market drivers and trends
5.9.12.2    Applications
5.9.13   Energy
5.9.13.1    Market drivers and trends
5.9.13.2    Applications
5.10       Market analysis
5.10.1    Market Growth Drivers and Trends
5.10.2    Regulations
5.10.3    Price and Costs Analysis
5.10.4    Supply Chain
5.10.5    Competitive Landscape
5.10.6    Future Outlook
5.10.7    Customer Segmentation
5.10.8    Addressable Market Size
5.10.9    Risks and Opportunities
5.11       Global market
5.11.1      By market
5.11.2      By region
5.11.3      By feedstocks
5.11.3.1    China and Asia-Pacific
5.11.3.2    North America
5.11.3.3    Europe
5.11.3.4    South America
5.11.3.5    Africa
5.11.3.6    Middle East
5.12       Company profiles  (129 company profiles)

6.1        Types of graphene
6.2        Properties
6.3        Market analysis
6.3.1     Market Growth Drivers and Trends
6.3.2     Regulations
6.3.3     Price and Costs Analysis
6.3.3.1  Pristine graphene flakes pricing/CVD graphene
6.3.3.2  Few-Layer graphene pricing
6.3.3.3  Graphene nanoplatelets pricing
6.3.3.4  Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) pricing
6.3.3.5  Multi-Layer graphene (MLG) pricing
6.3.3.6  Graphene ink
6.3.4     Supply Chain
6.3.5     Future Outlook
6.3.6     Addressable Market Size
6.3.7     Risks and Opportunities
6.3.8     Global demand 2018-2035, tons
6.3.8.1  Global demand by graphene material (tons)
6.3.8.2  Global demand by end user market
6.3.8.3  Graphene market, by region
6.4        Company profiles (368 company profiles)

7.1       Properties
7.1.1    Comparative properties of CNTs
7.2       Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)
7.2.1    Properties
7.2.2    Markets and applications
7.3       Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)
7.3.1    Properties
7.3.2    Markets and applications
7.3.3    Company profiles (152 company profiles)
7.4       Other types
7.4.1    Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs)
7.4.1.1 Properties
7.4.1.2 Applications
7.4.2    Vertically aligned CNTs (VACNTs)
7.4.2.1 Properties
7.4.2.2 Applications
7.4.3    Few-walled carbon nanotubes (FWNTs)
7.4.3.1 Properties
7.4.3.2 Applications
7.4.4    Carbon Nanohorns (CNHs)
7.4.4.1 Properties
7.4.4.2 Applications
7.4.5    Carbon Onions
7.4.5.1 Properties
7.4.5.2 Applications
7.4.6    Boron Nitride nanotubes (BNNTs)
7.4.6.1 Properties
7.4.6.2 Applications
7.4.6.3 Production
7.4.7    Companies  (6 company profiles)

8.1       Properties
8.2       Synthesis
8.2.1    Chemical vapor deposition
8.2.2    Electrospinning
8.2.3    Template-based
8.2.4    From biomass
8.3       Markets
8.3.1    Energy storage
8.3.1.1 Batteries
8.3.1.2 Supercapacitors
8.3.1.3 Fuel cells
8.3.2    CO2 capture
8.3.3    Composites
8.3.4    Filtration
8.3.5    Catalysis
8.3.6    Sensors
8.3.7    Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Shielding
8.3.8    Biomedical
8.3.9    Concrete
8.4       Market analysis
8.4.1    Market Growth Drivers and Trends
8.4.2    Price and Costs Analysis
8.4.3    Supply Chain
8.4.4    Future Outlook
8.4.5    Addressable Market Size
8.4.6    Risks and Opportunities
8.5       Global market revenues
8.6       Companies (12 company profiles)

9.1       Properties
9.2       Markets and applications
9.3       Technology Readiness Level (TRL)
9.4       Market analysis
9.4.1    Market Growth Drivers and Trends
9.4.2    Price and Costs Analysis
9.4.3    Supply Chain
9.4.4    Future Outlook
9.4.5    Customer Segmentation
9.4.6    Addressable Market Size
9.4.7    Risks and Opportunities
9.4.8    Global market demand
9.5       Producers (20 company profiles)

10.1     Introduction
10.2     Types
10.2.1  Detonation Nanodiamonds
10.2.2  Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs)
10.3     Markets and applications
10.4     Market analysis
10.4.1  Market Growth Drivers and Trends
10.4.2  Regulations
10.4.3  Price and Costs Analysis
10.4.4  Supply Chain
10.4.5  Future Outlook
10.4.6  Risks and Opportunities
10.4.7  Global demand 2018-2035, tonnes
10.5     Company profiles  (30 company profiles)

11.1     Comparison to quantum dots
11.2     Properties
11.3     Synthesis
11.3.1  Top-down method
11.3.2  Bottom-up method
11.4     Applications
11.5     Graphene quantum dots pricing
11.6     Graphene quantum dot producers (9 company profiles)

12.1     Types
12.1.1  Carbon aerogels
12.1.1.1  Carbon-based aerogel composites
12.2     Properties
12.3     Applications
12.4     Company profiles (9 company profiles)

13.1     Properties
13.2     Applications and markets
13.3     Global market size
13.4     Company profiles  (9 company profiles)

14.1     Overview
14.2     Types
14.2.1  Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC)
14.2.2  Granular Activated Carbon (GAC)
14.2.3  Extruded Activated Carbon (EAC)
14.2.4  Impregnated Activated Carbon
14.2.5  Bead Activated Carbon (BAC)
14.2.6  Polymer Coated Carbon
14.3     Production
14.3.1  Coal-based Activated Carbon
14.3.2  Wood-based Activated Carbon
14.3.3  Coconut Shell-based Activated Carbon
14.3.4  Fruit Stone and Nutshell-based Activated Carbon
14.3.5  Polymer-based Activated Carbon
14.3.6  Activated Carbon Fibers (ACFs)
14.4     Markets and applications
14.4.1  Water Treatment
14.4.2  Air Purification
14.4.3  Food and Beverage Processing
14.4.4  Pharmaceutical and Medical Applications
14.4.5  Chemical and Petrochemical Industries
14.4.6  Mining and Precious Metal Recovery
14.4.7  Environmental Remediation
14.5     Market analysis
14.5.1  Market Growth Drivers and Trends
14.5.2  Regulations
14.5.3  Price and Costs Analysis
14.5.4  Supply Chain
14.5.5  Future Outlook
14.5.6  Customer Segmentation
14.5.7  Addressable Market Size
14.5.8  Risks and Opportunities
14.6     Global market revenues 2020-2035
14.7     Companies  (22 company profiles)

15.1     Overview
15.2     Types
15.2.1  Resorcinol-Formaldehyde (RF) Carbon Aerogels and Xerogels
15.2.2  Phenolic-Furfural (PF) Carbon Aerogels and Xerogels
15.2.3  Melamine-Formaldehyde (MF) Carbon Aerogels and Xerogels
15.2.4  Biomass-derived Carbon Aerogels and Xerogels
15.2.5  Doped Carbon Aerogels and Xerogels
15.2.6  Composite Carbon Aerogels and Xerogels
15.3     Markets and applications
15.3.1  Energy Storage
15.3.2  Thermal Insulation
15.3.3  Catalysis
15.3.4  Environmental Remediation
15.3.5  Other Applications
15.4     Market analysis
15.4.1  Market Growth Drivers and Trends
15.4.2  Regulations
15.4.3  Price and Costs Analysis
15.4.4  Supply Chain
15.4.5  Future Outlook
15.4.6  Customer Segmentation
15.4.7  Addressable Market Size
15.4.8  Risks and Opportunities
15.5     Global market
15.6     Companies (10 company profiles)

16.1     CO2 capture from point sources
16.1.1  Transportation
16.1.2  Global point source CO2 capture capacities
16.1.3  By source
16.1.4  By endpoint
16.2     Main carbon capture processes
16.2.1  Materials
16.2.2  Post-combustion
16.2.3  Oxy-fuel combustion
16.2.4  Liquid or supercritical CO2: Allam-Fetvedt Cycle
16.2.5  Pre-combustion
16.3     Carbon separation technologies
16.3.1  Absorption capture
16.3.2  Adsorption capture
16.3.3  Membranes
16.3.4  Liquid or supercritical CO2 (Cryogenic) capture
16.3.5  Chemical Looping-Based Capture
16.3.6  Calix Advanced Calciner
16.3.7  Other technologies
16.3.7.1   Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs)
16.3.8  Comparison of key separation technologies
16.3.9  Electrochemical conversion of CO2
16.3.9.1    Process overview
16.4      Direct air capture (DAC)
16.4.1  Description
16.5     Companies  (4 company profiles)

Table 1. The advanced carbon materials market.
Table 2. Classification and types of the carbon fibers.
Table 3. Summary of carbon fiber properties.
Table 4. Modulus classifications of carbon fiber.
Table 5. Comparison of main precursor fibers.
Table 6. Properties of lignins and their applications.
Table 7. Lignin-derived anodes in lithium batteries.
Table 8. Fiber properties of polyolefin-based CFs.
Table 9. Summary of carbon fiber (CF) recycling technologies. Advantages and disadvantages.
Table 10. Retention rate of tensile properties of recovered carbon fibres by different recycling processes.
Table 11. Recycled carbon fiber producers, technology and capacity.
Table 12. Methods for direct fiber integration.
Table 13. Continuous fiber 3D printing producers.
Table 14. Summary of markets and applications for CFRPs.
Table 15. Comparison of CFRP to competing materials.
Table 16. The market for carbon fibers in wind energy-market drivers, applications, desirable properties, pricing and key players.
Table 17. The market for carbon fibers in sports & leisure-market drivers, applications, desirable properties, pricing and key players.
Table 18. The market for carbon fibers in automotive-market drivers, applications, desirable properties, pricing and key players.
Table 19. The market for carbon fibers in pressure vessels-market drivers, desirable properties of CF, applications, pricing, key players.
Table 20. The market for carbon fibers in oil and gas-market drivers, desirable properties, applications, pricing and key players.
Table 21. Market drivers and trends in carbon fibers.
Table 22. Regulations pertaining to carbon fibers
Table 23. Price and costs analysis for carbon fibers.
Table 24. Carbon fibers supply chain.
Table 25. Key players, carbon fiber supplied, manufacturing methods and target markets.
Table 26. Production capacities of carbon fiber producers, in metric tonnes, current and planned.
Table 27. Future Outlook by End-Use Market.
Table 28. Addressable market size for carbon fibers by market.
Table 29. Market challenges in the CF and CFRP market.
Table 30. Global market revenues for carbon fibers 2020-2025 (MILLIONS USD), by market.
Table 31. Global carbon fiber demand 2016-2035, by industry (MT).
Table 32. Global carbon fiber revenues 2016-2035, by industry (MT).
Table 33. Global carbon fiber revenues 2016-2035, by region (MT).
Table 34. Main Toray production sites and capacities.
Table 35. Commercially available carbon black grades.
Table 36. Properties of carbon black and influence on performance.
Table 37. Carbon black compounds.
Table 38. Carbon black manufacturing processes, advantages and disadvantages.
Table 39: Market drivers for carbon black in the tire industry.
Table 40.  Global market for carbon black in tires (Million metric tons), 2018 to 2033.
Table 41. Carbon black non-tire applications.
Table 42. Specialty carbon black demand, 2018-2035 (000s Tons), by market.
Table 43. Categories for recovered carbon black (rCB) based on key properties and intended applications.
Table 44. rCB post-treatment technologies.
Table 45. Recovered carbon black producers.
Table 46. Recovered carbon black demand, 2018-2035 (000s Tons), by market.
Table 47. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in Carbon Black.
Table 48. Regulations pertaining to carbon black.
Table 49. Market supply chain for carbon black.
Table 50 Pricing of carbon black.
Table 51. Carbon black capacities, by producer.
Table 52. Future outlook for carbon black by end use market.
Table 53. Customer Segmentation: Carbon Black.
Table 54. Addressable market size for carbon black by market.
Table 55. Risks and Opportunities in Carbon Black.
Table 56. Global market for carbon black 2018-2035, by end user market (100,000 tons).
Table 57. Global market for carbon black 2018-2035, by end user market (billion USD).
Table 58. Global market for carbon black 2018-2035, by region (100,000 tons).
Table 59. Comparison between Natural and Synthetic Graphite.
Table 60. Classification of natural graphite with its characteristics.
Table 61. Characteristics of synthetic graphite.
Table 62: Main markets and applications of isostatic graphite.
Table 63. Current or planned production capacities for isostatic graphite.
Table 64. Main graphite electrode producers and capacities (MT/year).
Table 65. Markets and applications by types of graphite.
Table 66. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in Graphite.
Table 67. Regulations pertaining to Graphite.
Table 68. Price and costs analysis for Graphite.
Table 69. Classification, application and price of graphite as a function of size.
Table 70. Graphite supply chain.
Table 71. Key players, manufacturing methods and target markets.
Table 72. Addressable market size for graphite by market.
Table 73. Risks and Opportunities Analysis.
Table 74. Estimated global mine Production of natural graphite 2020-2022, by country (tons).
Table 75. Global production of graphite 2016-2022 MT.
Table 76. Estimated global graphite production in tonnes, 2023-2035.
Table 77.Global market demand for natural graphite by end use market 2016-2035, tonnes.
Table 78. Global market demand for synthetic graphite by end use market 2016-2035, tonnes.
Table 79. Main natural graphite producers.
Table 80. Main synthetic graphite producers.
Table 81. Next Resources graphite flake products.
Table 82. Summary of key properties of biochar.
Table 83. Biochar physicochemical and morphological properties
Table 84. Markets and applications for biochar.
Table 85. Biochar feedstocks-source, carbon content, and characteristics.
Table 86. Biochar production technologies, description, advantages and disadvantages.
Table 87. Comparison of slow and fast pyrolysis for biomass.
Table 88. Comparison of thermochemical processes for biochar production.
Table 89. Biochar production equipment manufacturers.
Table 90. Competitive materials and technologies that can also earn carbon credits.
Table 91.  Biochar applications in agriculture and livestock farming.
Table 92. Effect of biochar on different soil properties.
Table 93.  Fertilizer products and their associated N, P, and K content.
Table 94. Application of biochar in construction.
Table 95. Process and benefits of biochar as an amendment in cement .
Table 96. Application of biochar in asphalt.
Table 97. Biochar applications for wastewater treatment.
Table 98. Biochar in carbon capture overview.
Table 99. Biochar in cosmetic products.
Table 100. Biochar in textiles.
Table 101. Biochar in additive manufacturing.
Table 102. Biochar in ink.
Table 103. Biochar in packaging.
Table 104. Companies using biochar in packaging.
Table 105. Biochar in steel and metal.
Table 106. Summary of applications of biochar in energy.
Table 107. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in biochar.
Table 108. Regulations pertaining to biochar.
Table 109. Biochar supply chain.
Table 110. Key players, manufacturing methods and target markets.
Table 111. Future outlook for biochar by end use market.
Table 112. Customer Segmentation for Biochar.
Table 113. Addressable market size for biochar by market.
Table 114. Risk and opportunities in Biochar.
Table 115. Global demand for biochar 2018-2035 (1,000 tons), by market.
Table 116. Global demand for biochar 2018-2035 (1,000 tons), by region.
Table 117. Biochar production by feedstocks in China (1,000 tons), 2023-2035.
Table 118. Biochar production by feedstocks in Asia-Pacific (1,000 tons), 2023-2035.
Table 119. Biochar production by feedstocks in North America (1,000 tons), 2023-2035.
Table 120. Biochar production by feedstocks in Europe (1,000 tons), 2023-2035.
Table 121. Properties of graphene, properties of competing materials, applications thereof.
Table 122. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in graphene.
Table 123. Regulations pertaining to graphene.
Table 124. Types of graphene and typical prices.
Table 125. Pristine graphene flakes pricing by producer.
Table 126. Few-layer graphene pricing by producer.
Table 127. Graphene nanoplatelets pricing by producer.
Table 128. Graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide pricing, by producer.
Table 129. Multi-layer graphene pricing by producer.
Table 130. Graphene ink pricing by producer.
Table 131. Graphene supply chain.
Table 132. Future outlook for graphene by end use market.
Table 133. Addressable market size for graphene by market.
Table 134. Risks and Opportunities in Graphene.
Table 135. Global graphene demand by type of graphene material, 2018-2035 (tons).
Table 136. Global graphene demand by market, 2018-2035 (tons).
Table 137. Global graphene demand, by region, 2018-2035 (tons).
Table 138. Performance criteria of energy storage devices.
Table 139. Typical properties of SWCNT and MWCNT.
Table 140. Properties of CNTs and comparable materials.
Table 141. Applications of MWCNTs.
Table 142. Comparative properties of MWCNT and SWCNT.
Table 143. Markets, benefits and applications of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.
Table 144. Chasm SWCNT products.
Table 145. Thomas Swan SWCNT production.
Table 146. Properties of carbon nanotube paper.
Table 147. Applications of Double-walled carbon nanotubes.
Table 148. Markets and applications for Vertically aligned CNTs (VACNTs).
Table 149. Markets and applications for few-walled carbon nanotubes (FWNTs).
Table 150. Markets and applications for carbon nanohorns.
Table 151. Comparative properties of BNNTs and CNTs.
Table 152. Applications of BNNTs.
Table 153. Carbon Nanofibers from Biomass Analysis.
Table 154. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in Carbon Nanofibers.
Table 155. Price and Cost Analysis for Carbon Nanofibers.
Table 156. Carbon nanofibers supply chain.
Table 157. Future outlook for CNFs by end use market.
Table 158. Addressable market size for CNFs by market.
Table 159. Risks and Opportunities Analysis for Carbon Nanofibers.
Table 160. Global market revenues for carbon nanofibers 2020-2035 (MILLIONS USD), by market.
Table 161. Market overview for fullerenes-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications.
Table 162. Types of fullerenes and applications.
Table 163. Products incorporating fullerenes.
Table 164. Markets, benefits and applications of fullerenes.
Table 165. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in Fullerenes.
Table 166. Price and costs analysis for Fullerenes.
Table 167. Fullerenes supply chain.
Table 168. Future outlook for Fullerenes by end use market.
Table 169. Addressable market size for Fullerenes by market.
Table 170. Risks and Opportunities Analysis.
Table 171. Global market demand for  fullerenes, 2018-2035 (tons).
Table 172. Properties of nanodiamonds.
Table 173. Summary of types of NDS and production methods-advantages and disadvantages.
Table 174. Markets, benefits and applications of nanodiamonds.
Table 175. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in Nanodiamonds.
Table 176. Regulations pertaining to Nanodiamonds.
Table 177. Price and costs analysis for Nanodiamonds.
Table 178. Nanodiamonds supply chain.
Table 179. Future outlook for Nanodiamonds by end use market.
Table 180. Risks and Opportunities in Nanodiamonds.
Table 181. Demand for nanodiamonds (metric tonnes), 2018-2035.
Table 182. Production methods, by main ND producers.
Table 183. Adamas Nanotechnologies, Inc. nanodiamond product list.
Table 184. Carbodeon Ltd. Oy nanodiamond product list.
Table 185. Daicel nanodiamond product list.
Table 186. FND Biotech Nanodiamond product list.
Table 187. JSC Sinta nanodiamond product list.
Table 188. Plasmachem product list and applications.
Table 189. Ray-Techniques Ltd. nanodiamonds product list.
Table 190. Comparison of ND produced by detonation and laser synthesis.
Table 191. Comparison of graphene QDs and semiconductor QDs.
Table 192. Advantages and disadvantages of methods for preparing GQDs.
Table 193. Applications of graphene quantum dots.
Table 194. Prices for graphene quantum dots.
Table 195. Properties of carbon foam materials.
Table 196. Applications of carbon foams.
Table 197. Properties of Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings.
Table 198. Applications and markets for Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings.
Table 199. Global revenues for DLC coatings, 2018-2035 (Billion USD).
Table 200. Markets and Applications for Activated Carbon.
Table 201. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in Activated Carbon.
Table 202. Regulations pertaining to Activated Carbon.
Table 203. Price and costs analysis for Activated Carbon.
Table 204. Activated Carbon supply chain.
Table 205. Future outlook for Activated Carbon by end use market.
Table 206. Addressable market size for Activated Carbon by market.
Table 207. Risks and Opportunities in Activated Carbon.
Table 208. Global market revenues for Activated Carbon 2020-2035 (millions USD), by market.
Table 209. Markets and Applications for Carbon Aerogels and Xerogels.
Table 210. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in Carbon Aerogels and Xerogels.
Table 211. Regulations pertaining to Carbon Aerogels and Xerogels.
Table 212. Price and costs analysis for Carbon Aerogels and Xerogels.
Table 213. Carbon Aerogels and Xerogels supply chain.
Table 214. Future outlook for Carbon Aerogels and Xerogels by end use market.
Table 215. Addressable market size for Carbon Aerogels and Xerogels by market.
Table 216. Risks and Opportunities in Carbon Aerogels.
Table 217. Global market revenues for Carbon Aerogels and Xerogels 2020-2035 (millions USD), by market.
Table 218. Point source examples.
Table 219. Assessment of carbon capture materials
Table 220. Chemical solvents used in post-combustion.
Table 221. Commercially available physical solvents for pre-combustion carbon capture.
Table 222. Main capture processes and their separation technologies.
Table 223. Absorption methods for CO2 capture overview.
Table 224. Commercially available physical solvents used in CO2 absorption.
Table 225. Adsorption methods for CO2 capture overview.
Table 226. Membrane-based methods for CO2 capture overview.
Table 227. Comparison of main separation technologies.
Table 228. CO2 derived products via electrochemical conversion-applications, advantages and disadvantages.
Table 229. Advantages and disadvantages of DAC.

Figure 1.  Manufacturing process of PAN type carbon fibers.
Figure 2. Production processes for pitch-based carbon fibers.
Figure 3. Lignin/celluose precursor.
Figure 4. Process of preparing CF from lignin.
Figure 5. Carbon fiber manufacturing capacity in 2023, by company (metric tonnes)
Figure 6. Neustark modular plant.
Figure 7. CR-9 carbon fiber wheel.
Figure 8. The Continuous Kinetic Mixing system.
Figure 9. Chemical decomposition process of polyurethane foam.
Figure 10. Electron microscope image of carbon black.
Figure 11. Different shades of black, depending on the surface of Carbon Black.
Figure 12. Structure- Aggregate Size/Shape Distribution.
Figure 13. Surface Chemistry - Surface Functionality Distribution.
Figure 14. Sequence of structure development of Carbon Black.
Figure 15. Carbon Black pigment in Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer.
Figure 16 Break-down of raw materials (by weight) used in a tire.
Figure 17. Applications of specialty carbon black.
Figure 18.  Specialty carbon black market volume, 2018-2035 (000s Tons), by market.
Figure 19. Pyrolysis process: from ELT to rCB, oil, and syngas, and applications thereof.
Figure 20.  Recovered carbon black demand, 2018-2035 (000s Tons), by market.
Figure 21. Global market for carbon black 2018-2035, by region (100,000 tons).
Figure 22. Nike Algae Ink graphic tee.
Figure 23. Comparison of SEM micrographs of sphere-shaped natural graphite (NG; after several processing steps) and synthetic graphite (SG).
Figure 24. Overview of graphite production, processing and applications.
Figure 25. Flake graphite.
Figure 26. Applications of flake graphite.
Figure 27. Amorphous graphite.
Figure 28. Vein graphite.
Figure 29: Isostatic pressed graphite.
Figure 30. Global market for graphite EAFs, 2018-2035 (MT).
Figure 31. Extruded graphite rod.
Figure 32. Vibration Molded Graphite.
Figure 33. Die-molded graphite products.
Figure 34. Price of fine flake graphite 2022-2023.
Figure 35. Price of spherical graphite, 2022-2023.
Figure 36. Consumption of graphite by end use markets, 2023.
Figure 37. Demand for graphite by end use markets, 2035.
Figure 38. Global consumption of graphite by type and region, 2023.
Figure 39. Graphite market supply chain (battery market).
Figure 40. Biochars from different sources, and by pyrolyzation at different temperatures.
Figure 41. Compressed biochar.
Figure 42. Biochar production diagram.
Figure 43. Pyrolysis process and by-products in agriculture.
Figure 44. Perennial ryegrass plants grown in clay soil with (Right) and without (Left) biochar.
Figure 45. Biochar bricks.
Figure 46. Global demand for biochar 2018-2035 (tons), by market.
Figure 47. Global demand for biochar 2018-2035 (1,000 tons), by region.
Figure 48. Biochar production by feedstocks in China (1,000 tons), 2023-2035.
Figure 49. Biochar production by feedstocks in Asia-Pacific (1,000 tons), 2023-2035.
Figure 50. Biochar production by feedstocks in North America (1,000 tons), 2023-2035.
Figure 51. Biochar production by feedstocks in Europe (1,000 tons), 2023-2035.
Figure 52. Biochar production by feedstocks in South America (1,000 tons), 2023-2035.
Figure 53. Biochar production by feedstocks in Africa (1,000 tons), 2023-2035.
Figure 54. Biochar production by feedstocks in the Middle East (tons), 2023-2035.
Figure 55. Capchar prototype pyrolysis kiln.
Figure 56. Made of Air's HexChar panels.
Figure 57. Takavator.
Figure 58. Graphene and its descendants: top right: graphene; top left: graphite = stacked graphene; bottom right: nanotube=rolled graphene; bottom left: fullerene=wrapped graphene.
Figure 59. Global graphene demand by type of graphene material, 2018-2035 (tons).
Figure 60. Global graphene demand by market, 2018-2035 (tons).
Figure 61. Global graphene demand, by region, 2018-2035 (tons).
Figure 62. Graphene heating films.
Figure 63. Graphene flake products.
Figure 64. AIKA Black-T.
Figure 65. Printed graphene biosensors.
Figure 66. Prototype of printed memory device.
Figure 67. Brain Scientific electrode schematic.
Figure 68. Graphene battery schematic.
Figure 69. Dotz Nano GQD products.
Figure 70. Graphene-based membrane dehumidification test cell.
Figure 71. Proprietary atmospheric CVD production.
Figure 72. Wearable sweat sensor.
Figure 73.  InP/ZnS, perovskite quantum dots and silicon resin composite under UV illumination.
Figure 74. Sensor surface.
Figure 75. BioStamp nPoint.
Figure 76. Nanotech Energy battery.
Figure 77. Hybrid battery powered electrical motorbike concept.
Figure 78. NAWAStitch integrated into carbon fiber composite.
Figure 79. Schematic illustration of three-chamber system for SWCNH production.
Figure 80. TEM images of carbon nanobrush.
Figure 81. Test performance after 6 weeks ACT II according to Scania STD4445.
Figure 82. Quantag GQDs and sensor.
Figure 83. The Sixth Element graphene products.
Figure 84. Thermal conductive graphene film.
Figure 85. Talcoat graphene mixed with paint.
Figure 86. T-FORCE CARDEA ZERO.
Figure 87. AWN Nanotech water harvesting prototype.
Figure 88. Large transparent heater for LiDAR.
Figure 89. Carbonics, Inc.’s carbon nanotube technology.
Figure 90. Schematic of a fluidized bed reactor which is able to scale up the generation of SWNTs using the CoMoCAT process.
Figure 91. Fuji carbon nanotube products.
Figure 92. Cup Stacked Type Carbon Nano Tubes schematic.
Figure 93. CSCNT composite dispersion.
Figure 94. Flexible CNT CMOS integrated circuits with sub-10 nanoseconds stage delays.
Figure 95. Koatsu Gas Kogyo Co. Ltd CNT product.
Figure 96. Carbon nanotube paint product.
Figure 97. MEIJO eDIPS product.
Figure 98. NAWACap.
Figure 99. NAWAStitch integrated into carbon fiber composite.
Figure 100. Schematic illustration of three-chamber system for SWCNH production.
Figure 101. TEM images of carbon nanobrush.
Figure 102. CNT film.
Figure 103. HiPCO Reactor.
Figure 104. Shinko Carbon Nanotube TIM product.
Figure 105. Smell iX16 multi-channel gas detector chip.
Figure 106. The Smell Inspector.
Figure 107. Toray CNF printed RFID.
Figure 108. Double-walled carbon nanotube bundle cross-section micrograph and model.
Figure 109. Schematic of a vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) membrane used for water treatment.
Figure 110. TEM image of FWNTs.
Figure 111. Schematic representation of carbon nanohorns.
Figure 112. TEM image of carbon onion.
Figure 113. Schematic of Boron Nitride nanotubes (BNNTs). Alternating B and N atoms are shown in blue and red.
Figure 114. Conceptual diagram of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) (A) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) (B) showing typical dimensions of length, width, and separation distance between graphene layers in MWCNTs (Source: JNM).
Figure 115. Carbon nanotube adhesive sheet.
Figure 116. Solid Carbon produced by UP Catalyst.
Figure 117. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for fullerees.
Figure 118. Detonation Nanodiamond.
Figure 119. DND primary particles and properties.
Figure 120. Functional groups of Nanodiamonds.
Figure 121. NBD battery.
Figure 122. Neomond dispersions.
Figure 123. Visual representation of graphene oxide sheets (black layers) embedded with nanodiamonds (bright white points).
Figure 124. Green-fluorescing graphene quantum dots.
Figure 125. Schematic of (a) CQDs and (c) GQDs. HRTEM images of (b) C-dots and (d) GQDs showing combination of zigzag and armchair edges (positions marked as 1-4).
Figure 126. Graphene quantum dots.
Figure 127. Top-down and bottom-up methods.
Figure 128. Dotz Nano GQD products.
Figure 129.  InP/ZnS, perovskite quantum dots and silicon resin composite under UV illumination.
Figure 130. Quantag GQDs and sensor.
Figure 131. Schematic of typical microstructure of carbon foam: (a) open-cell, (b) closed-cell.
Figure 132. Classification of DLC coatings.
Figure 133. SLENTEX® roll (piece).
Figure 134. CNF gel.
Figure 135. Block nanocellulose material.
Figure 136. CO2 capture and separation technology.
Figure 137. Global capacity of point-source carbon capture and storage facilities.
Figure 138. Global carbon capture capacity by CO2 source, 2023.
Figure 139. Global carbon capture capacity by CO2 source, 2035.
Figure 140. Global carbon capture capacity by CO2 endpoint, 2022 and 2033.
Figure 141. Post-combustion carbon capture process.
Figure 142. Postcombustion CO2 Capture in a Coal-Fired Power Plant.
Figure 143. Oxy-combustion carbon capture process.
Figure 144. Liquid or supercritical CO2 carbon capture process.
Figure 145. Pre-combustion carbon capture process.
Figure 146. Amine-based absorption technology.
Figure 147. Pressure swing absorption technology.
Figure 148. Membrane separation technology.
Figure 149. Liquid or supercritical CO2 (cryogenic) distillation.
Figure 150. Process schematic of chemical looping.
Figure 151. Calix advanced calcination reactor.
Figure 152. Fuel Cell CO2 Capture diagram.
Figure 153. Electrochemical CO2 reduction products.
Figure 154. CO2 captured from air using liquid and solid sorbent DAC plants, storage, and reuse.
Figure 155. Global CO2 capture from biomass and DAC in the Net Zero Scenario.