+353-1-416-8900REST OF WORLD
+44-20-3973-8888REST OF WORLD
1-917-300-0470EAST COAST U.S
1-800-526-8630U.S. (TOLL FREE)

Cup Making Machine Global Market Insights 2023, Analysis and Forecast to 2028, by Manufacturers, Regions, Technology, Application, Product Type

  • PDF Icon

    Report

  • 112 Pages
  • May 2023
  • Region: Global
  • Prof Research
  • ID: 5798323

Quick Summary:

In a fast-paced world where consumption habits are constantly evolving, staying ahead of manufacturing trends is crucial. Our comprehensive market research report provides in-depth analysis of the global Cup Making Machine industry, offering valuable insights that empower you to make informed business decisions. Uncover key industry dynamics, understand market growth drivers and evaluate competitive landscapes across North America, South America, Asia & Pacific, Europe, and MEA.

Our detailed report not only examines major players like Paper Machinery Corporation, Cupo Tech, Tong Shin Pack and more, but it also analyzes smaller entities, giving you an exhaustive view of the entire market landscape. Each company's profile, main business information, SWOT analysis, sales volume, revenue, price, gross margin and market share are thoroughly researched. The report also delineates market segmentation by application (hot beverage, cold beverage, fast food) and type (Automatic Paper Cup Making Machine, High Speed Paper Cup Machine) enabling you to fortify your strategic planning. This report is your key to unlocking opportunities in the Cup Making Machine market.

This report describes the global market size of Cup Making Machine from 2018 to 2022 and its CAGR from 2018 to 2022, and also forecasts its market size to the end of 2028 and its CAGR from 2023 to 2028.

For the geography segment, regional supply, demand, major players, price is presented from 2018 to 2028.

This report covers the following regions:

  • North America
  • South America
  • Asia & Pacific
  • Europe
  • MEA
The key countries for each region are also included such as the United States, China, Japan, India, Korea, ASEAN, Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain, CIS, and Brazil etc.

For the competitor segment, the report includes global key players of Cup Making Machine as well as some small players.

The information for each competitor includes:

  • Company Profile
  • Main Business Information
  • SWOT Analysis
  • Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin
  • Market Share

Applications Segment:

  • Hot beverage
  • Cold beverage
  • Fast food

Types Segment:

  • Automatic Paper Cup Making Machine
  • High Speed Paper Cup Machine

Companies Covered:

  • Paper Machinery Corporation
  • Cupo Tech
  • Tong Shin Pack
  • WOOSUNG
  • AR Paper Cup Machine
  • Jain Industries
  • Ruian HuaBang Machinery
  • SEE Machinery
  • Sini Machinery
  • New Debao
  • Ruian City Luzhou Machinery
Base Year: 2023
Historical Data: from 2018 to 2022
Forecast Data: from 2023 to 2028


This product will be delivered within 1-3 business days.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Executive SummaryChapter 2 Abbreviation and Acronyms
Chapter 3 Preface
3.1 Research Scope
3.2 Research Sources
3.2.1 Data Sources
3.2.2 Assumptions
3.3 Research Method
Chapter 4 Market Landscape
4.1 Market Overview
4.2 Classification/Types
4.3 Application/End Users
Chapter 5 Market Trend Analysis
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Drivers
5.3 Restraints
5.4 Opportunities
5.5 Threats
5.6 Covid-19 Impact
Chapter 6 Industry Chain Analysis
6.1 Upstream/Suppliers Analysis
6.2 Cup Making Machine Analysis
6.2.1 Technology Analysis
6.2.2 Cost Analysis
6.2.3 Market Channel Analysis
6.3 Downstream Buyers/End Users
Chapter 7 Latest Market Dynamics
7.1 Latest News
7.2 Merger and Acquisition
7.3 Planned/Future Project
7.4 Policy Dynamics
Chapter 8 Trading Analysis
8.1 Export of Cup Making Machine by Region
8.2 Import of Cup Making Machine by Region
8.3 Balance of Trade
Chapter 9 Historical and Forecast Cup Making Machine Market in North America (2018-2028)
9.1 Cup Making Machine Market Size
9.2 Cup Making Machine Demand by End Use
9.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
9.4 Type Segmentation and Price
9.5 Key Countries Analysis
9.5.1 United States
9.5.2 Canada
9.5.3 Mexico
Chapter 10 Historical and Forecast Cup Making Machine Market in South America (2018-2028)
10.1 Cup Making Machine Market Size
10.2 Cup Making Machine Demand by End Use
10.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
10.4 Type Segmentation and Price
10.5 Key Countries Analysis
10.5.1 Brazil
10.5.2 Argentina
10.5.3 Chile
10.5.4 Peru
Chapter 11 Historical and Forecast Cup Making Machine Market in Asia & Pacific (2018-2028)
11.1 Cup Making Machine Market Size
11.2 Cup Making Machine Demand by End Use
11.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
11.4 Type Segmentation and Price
11.5 Key Countries Analysis
11.5.1 China
11.5.2 India
11.5.3 Japan
11.5.4 South Korea
11.5.5 Southeast Asia
11.5.6 Australia
Chapter 12 Historical and Forecast Cup Making Machine Market in Europe (2018-2028)
12.1 Cup Making Machine Market Size
12.2 Cup Making Machine Demand by End Use
12.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
12.4 Type Segmentation and Price
12.5 Key Countries Analysis
12.5.1 Germany
12.5.2 France
12.5.3 United Kingdom
12.5.4 Italy
12.5.5 Spain
12.5.6 Belgium
12.5.7 Netherlands
12.5.8 Austria
12.5.9 Poland
12.5.10 Russia
Chapter 13 Historical and Forecast Cup Making Machine Market in MEA (2018-2028)
13.1 Cup Making Machine Market Size
13.2 Cup Making Machine Demand by End Use
13.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
13.4 Type Segmentation and Price
13.5 Key Countries Analysis
13.5.1 Egypt
13.5.2 Israel
13.5.3 South Africa
13.5.4 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries
13.5.5 Turkey
Chapter 14 Summary For Global Cup Making Machine Market (2018-2023)
14.1 Cup Making Machine Market Size
14.2 Cup Making Machine Demand by End Use
14.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
14.4 Type Segmentation and Price
Chapter 15 Global Cup Making Machine Market Forecast (2023-2028)
15.1 Cup Making Machine Market Size Forecast
15.2 Cup Making Machine Demand Forecast
15.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
15.4 Type Segmentation and Price Forecast
Chapter 16 Analysis of Global Key Vendors
16.1 Paper Machinery Corporation
16.1.1 Company Profile
16.1.2 Main Business and Cup Making Machine Information
16.1.3 SWOT Analysis of Paper Machinery Corporation
16.1.4 Paper Machinery Corporation Cup Making Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.2 Cupo Tech
16.2.1 Company Profile
16.2.2 Main Business and Cup Making Machine Information
16.2.3 SWOT Analysis of Cupo Tech
16.2.4 Cupo Tech Cup Making Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.3 Tong Shin Pack
16.3.1 Company Profile
16.3.2 Main Business and Cup Making Machine Information
16.3.3 SWOT Analysis of Tong Shin Pack
16.3.4 Tong Shin Pack Cup Making Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.4 WOOSUNG
16.4.1 Company Profile
16.4.2 Main Business and Cup Making Machine Information
16.4.3 SWOT Analysis of WOOSUNG
16.4.4 WOOSUNG Cup Making Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.5 AR Paper Cup Machine
16.5.1 Company Profile
16.5.2 Main Business and Cup Making Machine Information
16.5.3 SWOT Analysis of AR Paper Cup Machine
16.5.4 AR Paper Cup Machine Cup Making Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.6 Jain Industries
16.6.1 Company Profile
16.6.2 Main Business and Cup Making Machine Information
16.6.3 SWOT Analysis of Jain Industries
16.6.4 Jain Industries Cup Making Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.7 Ruian HuaBang Machinery
16.7.1 Company Profile
16.7.2 Main Business and Cup Making Machine Information
16.7.3 SWOT Analysis of Ruian HuaBang Machinery
16.7.4 Ruian HuaBang Machinery Cup Making Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.8 SEE Machinery
16.8.1 Company Profile
16.8.2 Main Business and Cup Making Machine Information
16.8.3 SWOT Analysis of SEE Machinery
16.8.4 SEE Machinery Cup Making Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.9 Sini Machinery
16.9.1 Company Profile
16.9.2 Main Business and Cup Making Machine Information
16.9.3 SWOT Analysis of Sini Machinery
16.9.4 Sini Machinery Cup Making Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.10 New Debao
16.10.1 Company Profile
16.10.2 Main Business and Cup Making Machine Information
16.10.3 SWOT Analysis of New Debao
16.10.4 New Debao Cup Making Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.11 Ruian City Luzhou Machinery
16.11.1 Company Profile
16.11.2 Main Business and Cup Making Machine Information
16.11.3 SWOT Analysis of Ruian City Luzhou Machinery
16.11.4 Ruian City Luzhou Machinery Cup Making Machine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Tables and Figures
Table Abbreviation and Acronyms List
Table Research Scope of Cup Making Machine Report
Table Data Sources of Cup Making Machine Report
Table Major Assumptions of Cup Making Machine Report
Figure Market Size Estimated Method
Figure Major Forecasting Factors
Figure Cup Making Machine Picture
Table Cup Making Machine Classification
Table Cup Making Machine Applications List
Table Drivers of Cup Making Machine Market
Table Restraints of Cup Making Machine Market
Table Opportunities of Cup Making Machine Market
Table Threats of Cup Making Machine Market
Table Covid-19 Impact For Cup Making Machine Market
Table Raw Materials Suppliers List
Table Different Production Methods of Cup Making Machine
Table Cost Structure Analysis of Cup Making Machine
Table Key End Users List
Table Latest News of Cup Making Machine Market
Table Merger and Acquisition List
Table Planned/Future Project of Cup Making Machine Market
Table Policy of Cup Making Machine Market
Table 2018-2028 Regional Export of Cup Making Machine
Table 2018-2028 Regional Import of Cup Making Machine
Table 2018-2028 Regional Trade Balance
Figure 2018-2028 Regional Trade Balance
Table 2018-2028 North America Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2018-2028 North America Cup Making Machine Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2018-2028 North America Cup Making Machine Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2018-2028 North America Cup Making Machine Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 North America Cup Making Machine Key Players Sales List
Table 2018-2023 North America Cup Making Machine Key Players Market Share List
Table 2018-2028 North America Cup Making Machine Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 North America Cup Making Machine Price List by Type
Table 2018-2028 United States Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 United States Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Canada Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Canada Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Mexico Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Mexico Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 South America Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2018-2028 South America Cup Making Machine Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2018-2028 South America Cup Making Machine Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2018-2028 South America Cup Making Machine Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 South America Cup Making Machine Key Players Sales List
Table 2018-2023 South America Cup Making Machine Key Players Market Share List
Table 2018-2028 South America Cup Making Machine Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 South America Cup Making Machine Price List by Type
Table 2018-2028 Brazil Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Brazil Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Argentina Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Argentina Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Chile Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Chile Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Peru Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Peru Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Asia & Pacific Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2018-2028 Asia & Pacific Cup Making Machine Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2018-2028 Asia & Pacific Cup Making Machine Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2018-2028 Asia & Pacific Cup Making Machine Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 Asia & Pacific Cup Making Machine Key Players Sales List
Table 2018-2023 Asia & Pacific Cup Making Machine Key Players Market Share List
Table 2018-2028 Asia & Pacific Cup Making Machine Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 Asia & Pacific Cup Making Machine Price List by Type
Table 2018-2028 China Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 China Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 India Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 India Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Japan Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Japan Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 South Korea Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 South Korea Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Southeast Asia Cup Making Machine Market Size List
Table 2018-2028 Southeast Asia Cup Making Machine Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Southeast Asia Cup Making Machine Import List
Table 2018-2028 Southeast Asia Cup Making Machine Export List
Table 2018-2028 Australia Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Australia Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Europe Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2018-2028 Europe Cup Making Machine Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2018-2028 Europe Cup Making Machine Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2018-2028 Europe Cup Making Machine Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 Europe Cup Making Machine Key Players Sales List
Table 2018-2023 Europe Cup Making Machine Key Players Market Share List
Table 2018-2028 Europe Cup Making Machine Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 Europe Cup Making Machine Price List by Type
Table 2018-2028 Germany Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Germany Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 France Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 France Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 United Kingdom Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 United Kingdom Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Italy Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Italy Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Spain Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Spain Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Belgium Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Belgium Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Netherlands Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Netherlands Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Austria Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Austria Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Poland Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Poland Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Russia Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Russia Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 MEA Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2018-2028 MEA Cup Making Machine Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2018-2028 MEA Cup Making Machine Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2018-2028 MEA Cup Making Machine Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 MEA Cup Making Machine Key Players Sales List
Table 2018-2023 MEA Cup Making Machine Key Players Market Share List
Table 2018-2028 MEA Cup Making Machine Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 MEA Cup Making Machine Price List by Type
Table 2018-2028 Egypt Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Egypt Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Israel Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Israel Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 South Africa Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 South Africa Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Turkey Cup Making Machine Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Turkey Cup Making Machine Import & Export List
Table 2018-2023 Global Cup Making Machine Market Size List by Region
Table 2018-2023 Global Cup Making Machine Market Size Share List by Region
Table 2018-2023 Global Cup Making Machine Market Volume List by Region
Table 2018-2023 Global Cup Making Machine Market Volume Share List by Region
Table 2018-2023 Global Cup Making Machine Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 Global Cup Making Machine Demand Market Share List by Application
Table 2018-2023 Global Cup Making Machine Key Vendors Sales List
Table 2018-2023 Global Cup Making Machine Key Vendors Sales Share List
Figure 2018-2023 Global Cup Making Machine Market Volume and Growth Rate
Table 2018-2023 Global Cup Making Machine Key Vendors Revenue List
Figure 2018-2023 Global Cup Making Machine Market Size and Growth Rate
Table 2018-2023 Global Cup Making Machine Key Vendors Revenue Share List
Table 2018-2023 Global Cup Making Machine Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 Global Cup Making Machine Demand Market Share List by Type
Table 2018-2023 Regional Cup Making Machine Price List
Table 2023-2028 Global Cup Making Machine Market Size List by Region
Table 2023-2028 Global Cup Making Machine Market Size Share List by Region
Table 2023-2028 Global Cup Making Machine Market Volume List by Region
Table 2023-2028 Global Cup Making Machine Market Volume Share List by Region
Table 2023-2028 Global Cup Making Machine Demand List by Application
Table 2023-2028 Global Cup Making Machine Demand Market Share List by Application
Table 2023-2028 Global Cup Making Machine Key Vendors Sales List
Table 2023-2028 Global Cup Making Machine Key Vendors Sales Share List
Figure 2023-2028 Global Cup Making Machine Market Volume and Growth Rate
Table 2023-2028 Global Cup Making Machine Key Vendors Revenue List
Figure 2023-2028 Global Cup Making Machine Market Size and Growth Rate
Table 2023-2028 Global Cup Making Machine Key Vendors Revenue Share List
Table 2023-2028 Global Cup Making Machine Demand List by Type
Table 2023-2028 Global Cup Making Machine Demand Market Share List by Type
Table 2023-2028 Cup Making Machine Regional Price List
Table Paper Machinery Corporation Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Paper Machinery Corporation
Table 2018-2023 Paper Machinery Corporation Cup Making Machine Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Paper Machinery Corporation Cup Making Machine Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Paper Machinery Corporation Cup Making Machine Market Share
Table Cupo Tech Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Cupo Tech
Table 2018-2023 Cupo Tech Cup Making Machine Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Cupo Tech Cup Making Machine Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Cupo Tech Cup Making Machine Market Share
Table Tong Shin Pack Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Tong Shin Pack
Table 2018-2023 Tong Shin Pack Cup Making Machine Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Tong Shin Pack Cup Making Machine Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Tong Shin Pack Cup Making Machine Market Share
Table WOOSUNG Information
Table SWOT Analysis of WOOSUNG
Table 2018-2023 WOOSUNG Cup Making Machine Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 WOOSUNG Cup Making Machine Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 WOOSUNG Cup Making Machine Market Share
Table AR Paper Cup Machine Information
Table SWOT Analysis of AR Paper Cup Machine
Table 2018-2023 AR Paper Cup Machine Cup Making Machine Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 AR Paper Cup Machine Cup Making Machine Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 AR Paper Cup Machine Cup Making Machine Market Share
Table Jain Industries Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Jain Industries
Table 2018-2023 Jain Industries Cup Making Machine Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Jain Industries Cup Making Machine Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Jain Industries Cup Making Machine Market Share
Table Ruian HuaBang Machinery Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Ruian HuaBang Machinery
Table 2018-2023 Ruian HuaBang Machinery Cup Making Machine Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Ruian HuaBang Machinery Cup Making Machine Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Ruian HuaBang Machinery Cup Making Machine Market Share
Table SEE Machinery Information
Table SWOT Analysis of SEE Machinery
Table 2018-2023 SEE Machinery Cup Making Machine Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 SEE Machinery Cup Making Machine Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 SEE Machinery Cup Making Machine Market Share
Table Sini Machinery Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Sini Machinery
Table 2018-2023 Sini Machinery Cup Making Machine Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Sini Machinery Cup Making Machine Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Sini Machinery Cup Making Machine Market Share
Table New Debao Information
Table SWOT Analysis of New Debao
Table 2018-2023 New Debao Cup Making Machine Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 New Debao Cup Making Machine Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 New Debao Cup Making Machine Market Share
Table Ruian City Luzhou Machinery Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Ruian City Luzhou Machinery
Table 2018-2023 Ruian City Luzhou Machinery Cup Making Machine Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Ruian City Luzhou Machinery Cup Making Machine Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Ruian City Luzhou Machinery Cup Making Machine Market Share

Companies Mentioned (Partial List)

A selection of companies mentioned in this report includes, but is not limited to:

  • Paper Machinery Corporation
  • Cupo Tech
  • Tong Shin Pack
  • WOOSUNG
  • AR Paper Cup Machine
  • Jain Industries
  • Ruian HuaBang Machinery
  • SEE Machinery
  • Sini Machinery
  • New Debao
  • Ruian City Luzhou Machinery

Methodology

Loading
LOADING...