Aquatic Ecotoxicology. Advancing Tools for Dealing with Emerging Risks

Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. Conventional Risk Assessment
3. Retrospective Assessment and Environmental Monitoring
4. How to Improve Exposure Assessment
5. From Incorporation to Toxicity
6. From Microcosms to Mesocosms and Field
7. Individual Biomarkers
8. Omics
9. Reference Species
10. Endobenthic Invertebrates as Reference Species
11. Filter-feeding Bivalves as Reference Species in the Water Column
12. Gammarids as Reference Species in Freshwater
13. Copepods as Reference Species in Estuarine and Marine Waters
14. Fish as Reference Species in Different Water Masses
15. Biological Responses at Supra-individual Levels
16. Ecotoxicological Risk of Endocrine Disruptors
17. Ecotoxicological Risk of Personal Care Products and Pharmaceuticals
18. Ecotoxicological Risk of Nanomaterials
19. Ecotoxicological Risk of Mixtures
20. General Conclusions

Authors

Claude Amiard-Triquet Honorary Research Director, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Nantes, France; Invited Professor at Ocean University of China, Qingdao. Jean-Claude Amiard Emeritus Research Director , CNRS, University of Nantes, France; Invited Professor at Ocean University of China, Qingdao. Catherine Mouneyrac Professor of Aquatic Ecotoxicology and Dean of the Faculty of Sciences, Universite Catholique de L'Ouest, Angers, France. Catherine Mouneyrac is a professor in marine ecotoxicology at the Université Catholique de l'Ouest (France). She teaches graduate and undergraduate courses in animal physiology, aquatic ecology and ecotoxicology. She gained her PhD from the University of Lyon I (France) in physiology of fish nutrition, and then a DSc in aquatic ecotoxicology from the University of Nantes (France). She is the dean of the Faculty of Sciences at the Université Catholique de l'Ouest and the head of the emerging contaminants research team of the MMS (Sea, Molecules, Health) unit (LUNAM University). Her general field research concerns the response of aquatic organisms to natural and chemical stress. She is actively involved in research to elucidate the mechanisms involved in potential toxicity by nanomaterials and endocrine disruptors towards estuarine and marine organisms. At the interface of fundamental and applied research, she aims to fulfill the gap between ecological (bio indicators) and ecotoxicological (biomarkers) approaches, the final objective being to help environmental diagnosis. More precisely, she studies biomarker tools allowing extrapolating from suborganismal responses (biochemical biomarkers, energy reserves, reproduction processes) and organismal (biological indices, behavioural biomarkers) to effects occurring at higher levels of biological organization (population). C. Mouneyrac has participated to the conception and realization of numerous national, European and international programmes. She has published more than 75 peer-reviewed papers and book chapters in the field of aquatic ecotoxicology. She is referee for numerous international journals on environmental pollution. She is member of different research networks in environmental pollution assessment. Dr C. Mouneyrac is part of the Expert committee on the assessment of the risks related to physical agents, new technologies and development areas and member of the working group "Assessment of the risks associated with nanomaterials” at the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses). She has been selected as a senior decision-makers a to follow the national study course of the Institut des Hautes Etudes pour la Science et la Technologie whose supervision is the responsibility of the Ministries of Higher Education and Research and Education in France.