Nanofiltration. Edition No. 2

Table of Contents

1. Introduction

PART I Principles 2. History of Nanofiltration Membranes 1960 to 1990 3. Nanofiltration Membrane Materials and Preparation 4. Nanofiltration Module Design and Operation 5. Nanofiltration Membrane Characterisation Methods 6. Modelling the Performance of Nanofiltration Membranes 7. Solute Speciation Effects in Nanofiltration Separation 8. Fouling in Nanofiltration 9. Pretreatment and Hybrid Processes

Part II Applications 10. Nanofiltration in Water Treatment 11. Water Reclamation, Remediation and Cleaner Production with Nanofiltration 12. Nanofiltration in the Food Industry 13. Nanofiltration in the Chemical Processing Industry 14. Nanofiltration in the Pulp and Paper Industry 15. Nanofiltration of Textile Dye Effluent 16. Nanofiltration in Landfill Leachate Treatment 17. Nanofiltration Bioengineering (Bioreactors, Enzymes, Biorefinery, etc) 18. Photocatalytic Nanofiltration Reactors 19. Nanofiltration in Metal and Acid Recovery 20. Trace Contaminant Removal with Nanofiltration 21. Non-Aqueous Applications of Nanofiltration 22. Nanofiltration Retentate Treatment 23. Renewable Energy Powered Nanofiltration 24. Future Nanofiltration Materials 25. Conclusion and Future Developments

Authors

Schäfer, Andrea Andrea Schäfer is Professor of Water Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering as well as Head of Membrane Technology Department, Institute of functional Interfaces (IFG) at the Karlrsruhe Institute of Technology. Previously she was Professor at the Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology in Tanzania, East Africa. 2006 to 2013 she was the Chair of Environmental Engineering at the University of

Edinburgh, Scotland, UK following 3 years as a senior lecturer at the University of Wollongong, Australia and 3 years as postdoc then lecturer at the University of New South Wales, Sydney Australia. She holds four engineering degrees in three different languages (English, German & French) including a PhD from the University of New South Wales and has worked in many countries. Passionate about membrane process engineering she has experience with several membrane processes encompassing predominantly water treatment, desalination, water recycling, remote water supplies and

international development. Her work spans from fundamental research to commercialisation projects. Prof Schäfer has published extensively in high impact journals and authored or edited several books, including 'Nanofiltration: Principles and Applications'. She collaborates extensively with developing country researchers, industry as well as colleagues in many leading academic institutions. Fane, Tony Tony Fane is a Chemical Engineer with a PhD from Imperial College, London. His current interests are in membranes applied to environmental applications and the water cycle, with a focus on the sustainability

aspects of membrane technology, including membrane bioreactors and reuse. He is a former Head of Chemical Engineering and former Director of the UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology at

UNSW, Sydney Australia. He is currently Director of the Singapore Membrane Technology Centre (SMTC) at NTU. The SMTC has a group of over 80 researchers dedicated to fundamental and applied research into

membranes for the water cycle. He is on the Editorial Boards of the Journal of Membrane Science (a former editor from 1992 to 2005) and Desalination. He is an Honorary life member of the European Membrane Society and Patron of the Membrane Society of Australasia.