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Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Market Insight, Epidemiology and Market Forecast - 2034

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    Report

  • 250 Pages
  • January 2024
  • Region: Global
  • DelveInsight
  • ID: 4433434

Thorough Assessment of Competitors, Market, Current Trends & Treatments Along With Upcoming Treatments

Key Highlights

  • The prevalence of pulmonary arterial hypertension has been increasing due to the rising frequency of cardiovascular diseases and arterial hypertension. Furthermore, the growing adult population, which is more prone to idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, is adding to the increased cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
  • The pulmonary arterial hypertension market is projected to witness consistent growth throughout the forecast period (2023-2034). The market size of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the 7MM is expected to increase, driven by the increasing prevalent population.
  • The US FDA has approved many therapies, like UPTRAVI (selexipag), REMODULIN (treprostinil), TYVASO (treprostinil), ORENITRAM (treprostinil), ADEMPAS (riociguat), etc. for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
  • Other drugs that were approved for pulmonary arterial hypertension but have their generics include REVATIO (sildenafil), ADCIRCA (tadalafil), LETAIRIS/VOLIBRIS (ambrisentan), VENTAVIS (iloprost), TRACLEER (bosentan), BERAPROST (TRK-100), and VELETRI (epoprostenol).
  • The current mainstay therapies to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension act to dilate the pulmonary vasculature, decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance and secondarily improving right ventricular function, thereby improving functional capacity. The overall treatment goal is to improve survival, quality of life, exercise capacity, symptom burden, and clinical worsening, with risk stratification tools increasingly used to guide therapy and improve each of these elements.
  • In 2022, the US had the largest market size of pulmonary arterial hypertension among the 7MM, accounting for approximately USD 3,898.5 million. This is expected to increase further by 2034.
The “Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension - Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast - 2034” report delivers an in-depth understanding of pulmonary arterial hypertension, historical and forecasted epidemiology, as well as the pulmonary arterial hypertension market trends in the United States, EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain) and the United Kingdom, and Japan.

The pulmonary arterial hypertension market report provides current treatment practices, emerging drugs, market share of individual therapies, and current and forecasted 7MM pulmonary arterial hypertension market size from 2020 to 2034. The report also covers pulmonary arterial hypertension treatment practices/algorithms and unmet medical needs to curate the best opportunities and assess the market’s potential.

Geography Covered

  • The United States
  • EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain) and the United Kingdom
  • Japan

Study Period: 2020-2034

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Understanding and Treatment Algorithm

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Overview

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a rare, progressive disorder characterized by hypertension in the pulmonary arteries for no apparent reason. It was defined by the 6th World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension (WSPH) as a resting mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) of 20 mm Hg or greater, a normal end-expiratory pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) less than or equal to 15 mm Hg, and a PVR of greater than or equal to 3 Wood units.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is further classified by the WHO into the following types: idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH), drug- and toxin-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension, and pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with other diseases and disorders. The associated conditions include cirrhosis, HIV, congenital heart disease, and connective tissue diseases like scleroderma among others.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension diagnosis

Symptoms usually go unnoticed and may be present for up to 2 or 3 years before a diagnosis is made, often leading to misdiagnosis or a delay in early-stage diagnosis. While the global guidelines for pulmonary arterial hypertension promote cardiac catheterization as the gold standard for diagnosis, transthoracic echocardiography is the most prevalent method of diagnosis. Electrocardiogram (ECG), chest radiography, pulmonary function tests, and blood tests are also done to determine pulmonary arterial hypertension. With improvement in disease understanding, biomarker-based assay and genetic testing are also being done to ascertain pulmonary arterial hypertension. The Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) is also a widely used test to determine a patient's activity tolerance and estimated 1-year mortality.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension treatment

The main purpose of the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension is to improve patients’ symptoms and slow the rate of clinical deterioration. General measures, supportive therapy, pharmacological treatment, and surgical treatment are used for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension.

The current mainstay therapies that include PDE5 inhibitors, sGC stimulators, ERAs, prostacyclin analog, and agonists, for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension, target the three major pathways, NO/cGMP, endothelin, and prostacyclin. The marketed therapies approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension across various WHO Functional Classes (FC) include Johnson & Johnson/Nippon Shinyaku’s UPTRAVI (selexipag) and OPSUMIT (macitentan), United Therapeutics and Mochida Pharmaceutical’s REMODULIN/TREPROST (treprostinil) (IV, SC), TYVASO (treprostinil, Inhaled), United Therapeutics’ ORENITRAM (treprostinil), and Bayer/Merck’s ADEMPAS (riociguat).

Recently a combination therapy of LETAIRIS/VOLIBRIS (ambrisentan) and ADCIRCA (tadalafil) also received approval. Most of these therapies are approved for adults except sildenafil, though trials are ongoing in the pediatric population for UPTRAVI, ADEMPAS, and OPSUMIT. Janssen Pharmaceuticals is also developing OPSUMIT with tadalafil as a fixed-dose combination formulation.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Epidemiology

As the market is derived using a patient-based model, the pulmonary arterial hypertension epidemiology chapter in the report provides historical as well as forecasted epidemiology segmented by total prevalent cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension, total diagnosed prevalent cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension, age-specific diagnosed prevalent cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension, gender-specific diagnosed prevalent cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension, class-specific diagnosed prevalent cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension, and subtype-specific diagnosed prevalent cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the 7MM covering the United States, EU4 countries (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain) and the United Kingdom, and Japan from 2020 to 2034.
  • According to these estimates in 2022, the total prevalent cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the US was nearly 51,258 in 2022. The total diagnosed prevalent cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the US was approximately 30,755 cases in 2022. These cases are expected to rise during the study period.
  • In 2022, the diagnosed prevalent cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the US varied across different age brackets. The highest number of cases was observed in the >75 age group, totaling around 11,853 cases, while the lowest number of cases was reported in the 18-25 age group, with about 501 cases.
  • According to these estimates in 2022, the gender-specific diagnosed prevalent cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the US were approximately 23,355 females and 7,400 males.
  • In 2022, in the class-specific diagnosed prevalent cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the US, there were nearly 2,371 cases of class I, 10,878 cases of class II, 15,344 cases of class III, and 2,162 cases of class IV, respectively.
  • The diagnosed prevalent cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension were categorized into various subtypes based on underlying pathogenesis. In the US, the highest number of cases was reported for idiopathic/heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension with approximately 13,289 cases, while the lowest number was observed in pulmonary veno-occlusive disease, with nearly 163 cases in 2022.
  • Among EU4 and the UK, Germany accounted for the highest number of pulmonary arterial hypertension-diagnosed cases i.e., approximately 5,059 cases, among EU4 and the UK countries, while Spain accounted for the least with nearly 2,830 cases in 2022.
  • In 2022, among EU4 and the UK, the highest age-specific diagnosed prevalent cases were in the age group 66-75 years with nearly 3,877 cases and the lowest was in the 18-25 group with nearly 856 cases.
  • According to these estimates, class III accounted for the highest diagnosed prevalent cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension, with nearly 10,255 cases, compared to class I, class II, and class IV with nearly 986, 7,691, and 789 cases in 2022, in EU4 and the UK.
  • In 2022, the total prevalent cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension in Japan were nearly 3,975, among these 2,385 cases were diagnosed. It is anticipated that these figures will decrease throughout the study period.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Drug Chapters

The drug chapter segment of the pulmonary arterial hypertension report encloses a detailed analysis of pulmonary arterial hypertension-marketed drugs and mid to late-stage (Phase III and Phase II) pipeline drugs. It also helps understand the pulmonary arterial hypertension clinical trial details, expressive pharmacological action, agreements and collaborations, approval and patent details, advantages and disadvantages of each included drug, and the latest news and press releases.

Marketed Drugs

UPTRAVI (selexipag): Johnson & Johnson/Nippon Shinyaku

UPTRAVI (selexipag), developed by Actelion Pharmaceuticals, is a selective prostacyclin receptor agonist structurally distinct from prostacyclin. It is hydrolyzed by carboxylesterase 1 to yield an active metabolite more potent than selexipag.

The prostacyclin receptor is one of the five major types of prostanoid receptors (IP, EP, DP, TP, and FP). In contrast to other prostanoid receptors, selexipag and its active metabolite are both selective for the prostacyclin receptor. In July 2021, the US FDA approved Janssen Pharmaceutical’s UPTRAVI (selexipag) injection for IV use for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (WHO Group I) to delay disease progression and reduce the risk of hospitalization for pulmonary arterial hypertension. In November 2016, Nippon Shinyaku launched UPTRAVI (selexipag) tablets for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension in Japan after approval from MHLW. In May 2016, EC granted Actelion marketing authorization for UPTRAVI (selexipag) tablets for the long-term treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension in adult patients with WHO FC II-III, either as a combination therapy in patients insufficiently controlled with an ERA and/or a PDE-5 inhibitor or as monotherapy in patients who are not candidates for these therapies and in December 2015, the US FDA granted Actelion Pharmaceuticals approval of UPTRAVI (selexipag) tablets for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (WHO Group I) to delay disease progression.

Emerging Drugs

Ralinepag: United Therapeutics

Ralinepag is a novel, oral, selective, and potent prostacyclin receptor agonist being developed by United Therapeutics for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. In vitro studies indicate that ralinepag has high binding affinity and selectivity at the human prostacyclin (IP) receptor.

In phase II studies, ralinepag demonstrated a potential for a once-a-day dosing profile and potentially enhanced affinity compared to selexipag.

United Therapeutics is currently assessing ralinepag in a Phase III ADVANCE OUTCOMES registrational study. It is a global, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial of patients on approved oral background pulmonary arterial hypertension therapies, with data expected by 2025.

In January 2019, ODD was granted by the EC to Arena Pharmaceutical ralinepag for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. In September 2014, ralinepag was granted ODD for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension by the US FDA.

Note: Further emerging therapies and their detailed assessment will be provided in the final report.

Drug Class Insights

Current treatment recommendations weigh the use of multiple factors, including WHO FC, exercise ability, lab indices, and hemodynamic and echocardiographic variables to establish the overall severity of the disease and guide the intensity of therapy. Initial therapy choices and subsequent therapy changes are determined to achieve a low-risk category that helps improve overall survival and functional status in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

The four drug classes (PDE5 inhibitors, sGC stimulators, ERAs, prostacyclin analog, and agonists) widely used for treating target three major signaling pathways, prostacyclin, endothelin, and nitric oxide, are responsible for pulmonary arterial hypertension. Various therapies are approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension across FCs like UPTRAVI (selexipag), REMODULIN (treprostinil) (IV, SC), TYVASO (treprostinil, inhaled), ADEMPAS (riociguat), OPSUMIT (macitentan), and ORENITRAM (treprostinil). These are currently available in the market.

These approved therapies target the three major pathways. Medications targeting the NO pathway include PDE5i (sildenafil and tadalafil) and the sGC stimulator (riociguat). PDE5 inhibitors prevent cGMP breakdown, while riociguat acts through direct stimulation of sGC, which produces cGMP. cGMP activates protein kinase G, lowering intracellular Ca2+ concentrations and producing smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilatation. In recent years, riociguat has received focus, given its potential as a substitution for PDE5 inhibitors in patients not meeting treatment targets. The RESPITE study in 61 WHO FC III pulmonary arterial hypertension patients that substituted riociguat for PDE5 inhibitors showed an increase in 6MWD of 31 +/- 63 m by 24 weeks (p = 0.001), alongside statistically significant reductions in nt-pro-BNP level and pulmonary vascular resistance. This data was followed up on with the REPLACE trial. Together these studies demonstrated switching from PDE5 inhibitors to riociguat as a promising option for pulmonary arterial hypertension patients who have failed to progress to low-risk status on their current therapies.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Market Outlook

Current primary treatments for pulmonary arterial hypertension focus on widening the pulmonary blood vessels, which reduces resistance in the lungs and consequently enhances the function of the right ventricle, leading to improvements in functional ability. The overarching objective of treatment is to enhance survival, quality of life, exercise capacity, symptom management, and overall clinical outcomes. Risk assessment tools are increasingly utilized to tailor therapy, aiming to optimize these aspects of patient care.

Current treatment guidelines consider various factors such as World Health Organization Functional Class (WHO FC), exercise capacity, laboratory findings, as well as hemodynamic and echocardiographic assessments to assess the severity of pulmonary arterial hypertension and tailor treatment accordingly. The selection of initial therapy and adjustments thereafter aim to achieve a low-risk categorization, which in turn contributes to enhancing both survival rates and functional status in individuals with pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Despite all the advances made over the last few decades with treatment modalities, pulmonary arterial hypertension is still a devastating, rapidly progressive disease with mortality. There is a need for curative therapy, an alternative to the current treatment of multiple injections of medication per week, often associated with injection-site reactions, to maintain their health. Various drugs are being developed that are highly selective and potent, like ralinepag, with in vitro data suggesting more potent antiproliferative and vasodilatory properties. Agents targeting immune pathways, DNA repair, cellular senescence, and metabolic pathways are also in the early stages of development. Thus the pipeline for pulmonary arterial hypertension is robust and dynamic and is expected to create a tectonic impact on the existing market scenario during the forecast period (2023-2034).

The current market segmentation is based on the therapies prescribed. The drugs that are being used in the present market include UPTRAVI (selexipag), REMODULIN/TREPROST (treprostinil) (IV, SC, Inhalation), TYVASO (treprostinil, Inhaled), ADEMPAS (riociguat), OPSUMIT (macitentan), and ORENITRAM (treprostinil) is included. These are the major segments covered in the forecast model.

Several key players are evaluating their lead candidates in different stages of clinical development like Ralinepag by United Therapeutics.

The market for pulmonary arterial hypertension is expected to experience positive growth.
  • The total market size of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the 7MM was approximately USD 4,949.5 million in 2022 and is projected to increase during the forecast period (2023-2034).
  • The market size of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the US was approximately USD 3,898.5 million in 2022, which is anticipated to increase due to the increasing awareness of the disease and the launch of the emerging therapy.
  • The total market size of EU4 and the UK was calculated to be approximately USD 816.4 million in 2022, which was nearly 16% of the total market revenue for the 7MM.
  • According to these estimates, among EU4 and the UK, Germany accounted for the highest market with approximately USD 210.3 million in 2022, followed by France with approximately USD 207.9 million in the respective year, while Spain accounted for the lowest market in 2023.
  • According to the analysis, in the US, among the currently used therapies, the majority of the market share was of OPSUMIT (macitentan), with a revenue of approximately USD 1,133.2 million, in 2022, followed by other therapies.
  • In 2022, Japan with a revenue of approximately 234.5 million, which was nearly 5% of the total market revenue for the 7MM, which is expected to decrease significantly by 2034.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Drugs Uptake

This section focuses on the uptake rate of potential drugs expected to be launched in the market during 2020-2034. For example, United Therapeutics’ Ralinepag, an oral, selective, and potent prostacyclin receptor agonist, is projected to enter the US market in 2025 with a “medium” uptake.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Pipeline Development Activities

The report provides insights into different therapeutic candidates in Phase III, Phase II, and Phase I. It also analyzes key players involved in developing targeted therapeutics.

Pipeline development activities

The report covers information on collaborations, acquisitions and mergers, licensing, and patent details for emerging therapies for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

KOL Views

To keep up with current market trends, we take KOLs and SMEs’ opinions working in the domain through primary research to fill the data gaps and validate our secondary research. Industry Experts contacted for insights on pulmonary arterial hypertension evolving treatment landscape, patient reliance on conventional therapies, patient therapy switching acceptability, and drug uptake, along with challenges related to accessibility, including Medical/scientific writers, Medical Professionals, Professors, Directors, and Others.

The analysts connected with 50+ KOLs to gather insights; however, interviews were conducted with 15+ KOLs in the 7MM. Centers like the University of Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia, University of Chicago, Chicago, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, and Osaka University Hospital, Osaka were contacted. Their opinion helps understand and validate current and emerging therapy treatment patterns or pulmonary arterial hypertension market trends. This will support the clients in potential upcoming novel treatments by identifying the overall scenario of the market and the unmet needs.

Physician’s View

According to our primary research analysis, despite significant advancements in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension, there remains a notable unmet need to effectively manage this complex condition. One of the primary challenges lies in the progressive nature of pulmonary arterial hypertension, where many patients continue to experience disease progression despite available therapies. While current treatments primarily target vasodilation and improving right ventricular function, they often do not address underlying pathophysiological mechanisms such as endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and abnormal cell proliferation. Additionally, there is a lack of curative therapies, and existing treatments may only delay disease progression rather than halt or reverse it entirely. Furthermore, the heterogeneity of pulmonary arterial hypertension presents a challenge in identifying the most effective treatment approach for individual patients. Novel therapies that target alternative pathways, address underlying mechanisms, and provide personalized treatment options are needed to improve outcomes, prolong survival, and enhance the quality of life for individuals living with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Additionally, there is a need for better risk stratification tools and biomarkers to identify patients who are at higher risk of disease progression and may benefit from more aggressive treatment strategies.

According to a KOL in the US, nearly half of the pulmonary arterial hypertension cases are idiopathic, hereditary, or anorexigenic-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. Women between the ages of 30 and 60 are typically affected by pulmonary arterial hypertension. However, it may occur in men and is frequently linked to worse clinical consequences.

As per another KOL, of the genetically predisposed individuals that develop pulmonary arterial hypertension, only 10-20% of people with the underlying mutations develop it because it is inherited as an autosomal dominant characteristic with reduced penetrance.

Another KOL found that parenteral prostacyclins like treprostinil administered subcutaneously, or epoprostenol, administered intravenously, are the most effective prostacyclins in France. These drugs are administered as 24-hour pumps connected to a vein or subcutaneous perfusion; less than 5% of oral prostacyclins are used.

Qualitative Analysis

We perform Qualitative and market Intelligence analysis using various approaches, such as SWOT and Conjoint Analysis. In the SWOT analysis, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in terms of disease diagnosis, patient awareness, patient burden, competitive landscape, cost-effectiveness, and geographical accessibility of therapies are provided. These pointers are based on the Analyst’s discretion and assessment of the patient burden, cost analysis, and existing and evolving treatment landscape.

Conjoint Analysis analyzes multiple emerging therapies based on relevant attributes such as safety, efficacy, frequency of administration, route of administration, and order of entry. Scoring is given based on these parameters to analyze the effectiveness of therapy.

In efficacy, the trial’s primary and secondary outcome measures are evaluated; for instance number of subjects with treatment-emergent adverse events [Safety and Tolerability], and others.

Further, the therapies’ safety is evaluated wherein the adverse events are majorly observed, and it sets a clear understanding of the side effects posed by the drug in the trials, which directly affects the safety of the molecule in the upcoming trials. It sets a clear understanding of the side effects posed by the drug in the trials. In addition, the scoring is also based on the route of administration, order of entry and designation, probability of success, and the addressable patient pool for each therapy. According to these parameters, the final weightage score and the ranking of the emerging therapies are decided.

Market Access and Reimbursement

The high cost of therapies for the treatment is a major factor restraining the growth of the drug market. Because of the high cost, the economic burden is increasing, leading the patient to escape from proper treatment.

The reimbursement challenges related to medical care and treatment for individuals with pulmonary arterial hypertension can be significant as it often requires specialized medical attention, covering the costs of diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing care. Health insurance plans may not fully cover limited coverage of some medical treatments, and therapies specific to pulmonary arterial hypertension. This can result in high out-of-pocket expenses for families seeking the best care for their loved ones. Moreover, it requires specialized care from healthcare providers with expertise. Finding and accessing such specialists may be challenging, and the associated costs may not always be fully reimbursed by insurance.

The report provides detailed insights on the country-wise accessibility and reimbursement scenarios, cost-effectiveness scenarios, programs making accessibility easier and out-of-pocket costs more affordable, insights on patients insured under federal or state government prescription drug programs, etc.

Scope of the Report

  • The report covers a segment of key events, an executive summary, and a descriptive overview of pulmonary arterial hypertension, explaining its causes, signs and symptoms, pathogenesis, and currently available therapies.
  • Comprehensive insight into the epidemiology segments and forecasts, the future growth potential of diagnosis rate, disease progression, and treatment guidelines have been provided.
  • Additionally, an all-inclusive account of the current and emerging therapies and the elaborative profiles of late-stage and prominent therapies will impact the current treatment landscape.
  • A detailed review of pulmonary arterial hypertension, historical and forecasted market size, market share by therapies, detailed assumptions, and rationale behind our approach is included in the report, covering the 7MM drug outreach.
  • The report provides an edge while developing business strategies by understanding trends through SWOT analysis and expert insights/KOL views, patient journey, and treatment preferences that help shape and drive the 7MM pulmonary arterial hypertension market.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Report Insights

  • Patient Population
  • Therapeutic Approaches
  • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Pipeline Analysis
  • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Market Size and Trends
  • Existing and Future Market Opportunity

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Report Key Strengths

  • 12 years Forecast
  • The 7MM Coverage
  • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Epidemiology Segmentation
  • Key Cross Competition
  • Attribute analysis
  • Drugs Uptake and Key Market Forecast Assumptions

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Report Assessment

  • Current Treatment Practices
  • Unmet Needs
  • Pipeline Product Profiles
  • Market Attractiveness
  • Qualitative Analysis (SWOT and Conjoint Analysis)

Key Questions

Market Insights

  • What was the total market size of pulmonary arterial hypertension, the market size of pulmonary arterial hypertension by therapies, and market share (%) distribution in 2020, and what would it look like by 2034? What are the contributing factors for this growth?
  • How will Ralinepag, RT234 (vardenafil), and others affect the treatment paradigm of pulmonary arterial hypertension?
  • How will Ralinepag compete with upcoming products and marketed therapies?
  • Which drug is going to be the largest contributor by 2034?
  • What are the pricing variations among different geographies for approved and marketed therapies?
  • How would future opportunities affect the market dynamics and subsequent analysis of the associated trends?

Epidemiology Insights

  • What are the disease risks, burdens, and unmet needs of pulmonary arterial hypertension? What will be the growth opportunities across the 7MM with respect to the patient population pertaining to pulmonary arterial hypertension?
  • What is the historical and forecasted pulmonary arterial hypertension patient pool in the United States, EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain) and the United Kingdom, and Japan?
  • Out of the countries mentioned above, which country would have the highest diagnosed prevalent pulmonary arterial hypertension population during the forecast period (2023-2034)?
  • What factors are contributing to the growth of pulmonary arterial hypertension cases?

Current Treatment Scenario, Marketed Drugs, and Emerging Therapies

  • What are the current options for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension? What are the current clinical and treatment guidelines for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension?
  • How many companies are developing therapies for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension?
  • How many emerging therapies are in the mid-stage and late stage of development for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension?
  • What are the recent novel therapies, targets, mechanisms of action, and technologies developed to overcome the limitations of existing therapies?
  • What is the cost burden of current treatment on the patient?
  • Patient acceptability in terms of preferred treatment options as per real-world scenarios?
  • What are the accessibility issues of approved therapy in the US?
  • What is the 7MM historical and forecasted market of pulmonary arterial hypertension?

Reasons to Buy

  • The report will help develop business strategies by understanding the latest trends and changing treatment dynamics driving the pulmonary arterial hypertension market.
  • Insights on patient burden/disease prevalence, evolution in diagnosis, and factors contributing to the change in the epidemiology of the disease during the forecast years.
  • Understand the existing market opportunities in varying geographies and the growth potential over the coming years.
  • The distribution of historical and current patient share is based on real-world prescription data in the US, EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain) and the United Kingdom, and Japan.
  • Identifying upcoming solid players in the market will help devise strategies to help get ahead of competitors.
  • Detailed analysis and ranking of class-wise potential current and emerging therapies under the conjoint analysis section to provide visibility around leading classes.
  • Highlights of Access and Reimbursement policies for pulmonary arterial hypertension, barriers to accessibility of approved therapy, and patient assistance programs.
  • To understand Key Opinion Leaders’ perspectives around the accessibility, acceptability, and compliance-related challenges of existing treatment to overcome barriers in the future.
  • Detailed insights on the unmet needs of the existing market so that the upcoming players can strengthen their development and launch strategy.

Table of Contents

1. Key Insights2. Report Introduction
3. Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Market Overview at a Glance
3.1. Market Share (%) Distribution of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in 2020
3.2. Market Share (%) Distribution of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in 2034
4. Methodology of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Epidemiology and Market5. Executive Summary of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension6. Key Events
7. Disease Background and Overview
7.1. Introduction to Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
7.2. Signs and Symptoms
7.3. Classification of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
7.3.1. WHO classification
7.3.2. Functional Classification of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
7.4. Etiology
7.5. Risk factors
7.6. Pathophysiology
7.6.1. Nitric oxide (NO) pathway
7.6.2. Prostacyclin-thromboxane A2 pathway
7.6.3. Endothelin-1 pathway
7.7. Diagnosis
7.8. Management and Treatment
7.9. Treatment Guidelines
7.9.1. American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST) Guidelines
7.9.2. European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Guidelines for the Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension
8. Patient Journey
9. Epidemiology and Patient Population
9.1. Key Findings
9.2. Assumptions and Rationale: The 7MM
9.2.1. Total Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
9.2.2. Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
9.2.3. Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
9.2.4. Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
9.2.5. Class-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
9.2.6. Subtype-specific Diagnosed Prevalent cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
9.3. Total Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the 7MM
9.4. Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the 7MM
9.5. The US
9.5.1. Total Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US
9.5.2. Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US
9.5.3. Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US
9.5.4. Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US
9.5.5. Class-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US
9.5.6. Subtype-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US
9.6. EU4 and the UK
9.6.1. Total Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK
9.6.2. Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK
9.6.3. Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK
9.6.4. Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK
9.6.5. Class-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK
9.6.6. Subtype-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK
9.7. Japan
9.7.1. Total Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan
9.7.2. Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan
9.7.3. Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan
9.7.4. Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan
9.7.5. Class-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan
9.7.6. Subtype-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan
10. Marketed Drugs
10.1. Key Cross Competition
10.2. UPTRAVI (selexipag): Johnson & Johnson/Nippon Shinyaku
10.2.1. Drug Description
10.2.2. Regulatory Milestone
10.2.3. Other Development Activities
10.2.4. Clinical Development
10.2.5. Clinical Trial Information
10.2.6. Safety and Efficacy
10.2.7. Product Profile
10.3. REMODULIN/TREPROST (treprostinil) (IV, SC): United Therapeutics/ Mochida Pharmaceutical
10.3.1. Drug Description
10.3.2. Regulatory Milestone
10.3.3. Other Development Activities
10.3.4. Safety and Efficacy
10.3.5. Product Profile
10.4. TYVASO/TYVASO DPI/TREPROST Inhalation Solution (treprostinil): United Therapeutics/Mochida Pharmaceutical
10.4.1. Drug Description
10.4.2. Regulatory Milestone
10.4.3. Other Development Activities
10.4.4. Clinical Trial Information
10.4.5. Safety and Efficacy
10.4.6. Product Profile
10.5. ORENITRAM (treprostinil): United Therapeutics
10.5.1. Drug Description
10.5.2. Regulatory Milestone
10.5.3. Other Development Activities
10.5.4. Clinical Trial Information
10.5.5. Safety and Efficacy
10.5.6. Product Profile
10.6. ADEMPAS (riociguat): Bayer/Merck
10.6.1. Drug Description
10.6.2. Regulatory Milestone
10.6.3. Other Development Activities
10.6.4. Clinical Trial Information
10.6.5. Safety and Efficacy
10.6.6. Product Profile
10.7. OPSUMIT (macitentan): Johnson & Johnson/Nippon Shinyaku
10.7.1. Drug Description
10.7.2. Regulatory Milestone
10.7.3. Other Development Activities
10.7.4. Clinical Development
10.7.5. Clinical Trial Information
10.7.6. Safety and Efficacy
10.7.7. Product Profile
11. Emerging Drugs
11.1. Key Cross Competition
11.2. Sotatercept (MK-7962): Merck/Bristol Myers Squibb
11.2.1. Drug Description
11.2.2. Other Development Activities
11.2.3. Clinical Development
11.2.4. Clinical Trial Information
11.2.5. Safety and Efficacy
11.2.6. Product Profile
11.2.7. Analysts’ Views
11.3. Ralinepag: United Therapeutics
11.3.1. Drug Description
11.3.2. Other Development Activities
11.3.3. Clinical Development
11.3.4. Clinical Trial Information
11.3.5. Safety and Efficacy
11.3.6. Product Profile
11.3.7. Analysts’ Views
11.4. YUTREPIA (inhaled treprostinil): Liquidia Technologies
11.4.1. Drug Description
11.4.2. Other Development Activities
11.4.3. Clinical Development
11.4.4. Clinical Trial Information
11.4.5. Safety and Efficacy
11.4.6. Product Profile
11.4.7. Analysts’ Views
11.5. Imatinib (TNX-201): Tenax Therapeutics
11.5.1. Product Description
11.5.2. Other Development Activities
11.5.3. Clinical Development
11.5.4. Clinical Trial Information
11.5.5. Safety and Efficacy
11.5.6. Product Profile
11.5.7. Analysts’ Views
11.6. Vardenafil (RT234): Respira Therapeutics
11.6.1. Drug Description
11.6.2. Other Development Activities
11.6.3. Clinical Development
11.6.4. Clinical Trial Information
11.6.5. Safety and Efficacy
11.6.6. Product profile
11.6.7. Analysts’ Views
11.7. Seralutinib (GB002): Gossamer Bio
11.7.1. Drug Description
11.7.2. Other Development Activities
11.7.3. Clinical Development
11.7.4. Clinical Trial Information
11.7.5. Safety and Efficacy
11.7.6. Product Profile
11.7.7. Analysts’ Views
11.8. L606 (liposomal treprostinil): Pharmosa Biopharm/Liquidia
11.8.1. Drug Description
11.8.2. Other Development Activities
11.8.3. Clinical Development
11.8.4. Clinical Trial Information
11.8.5. Safety and Efficacy
11.8.6. Product Profile
11.8.7. Analysts’ Views
11.9. MK-5475: Merck Sharp & Dohme
11.9.1. Product Description
11.9.2. Clinical Development
11.9.3. Clinical Trial Information
11.9.4. Safety and Efficacy
11.9.5. Product Profile
11.10. AV-101 (dry powder inhaled imatinib): Aerovate Therapeutics
11.10.1. Drug Description
11.10.2. Other Development Activities
11.10.3. Clinical Development
11.10.4. Clinical Trial Information
11.10.5. Safety and Efficacy
11.10.6. Product Profile
11.11. Treprostinil Palmitil (TPIP) (INS1009): Insmed
11.11.1. Drug Description
11.11.2. Other Development Activities
11.11.3. Clinical Development
11.11.4. Clinical Trial Information
11.11.5. Safety and Efficacy
11.11.6. Product Profile
11.12. LTP001: Novartis
11.12.1. Drug Description
11.12.2. Clinical Development
11.12.3. Clinical Trial Information
11.12.4. Product Profile
11.13. VASCULAN (ifetroban): Cumberland Pharmaceuticals
11.13.1. Drug Description
11.13.2. Other Development Activities
11.13.3. Clinical Development
11.13.4. Clinical Trial Information
11.13.5. Product Profile
11.14. Rodatristat Ethyl: Sumitomo Pharma (Enzyvant Therapeutics)
11.14.1. Drug Description
11.14.2. Other Development Activities
11.14.3. Clinical Development
11.14.4. Clinical Trial Information
11.14.5. Safety and Efficacy
11.14.6. Product Profile
11.15. CS1: Cereno Scientific
11.15.1. Drug Description
11.15.2. Other Development Activities
11.15.3. Clinical Development
11.15.4. Clinical Trial Information
11.15.5. Safety and Efficacy
11.15.6. Product Profile
11.16. LYNPARZA (olaparib): AstraZeneca
11.16.1. Drug Description
11.16.2. Clinical Development
11.16.3. Clinical Trial Information
11.16.4. Product Profile
12. Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Market Analysis
12.1. Key Findings
12.2. Key Market Forecast Assumptions
12.3. Market Outlook
12.4. Conjoint Analysis
12.5. Total Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the 7MM
12.6. Total Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Therapies in the 7MM
12.7. Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US
12.7.1. Total Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US
12.7.2. The Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Therapies in the US
12.8. Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK
12.8.1. Total Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the EU4 and the UK
12.8.2. The Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Therapies in EU4 and the UK
12.9. Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan
12.9.1. Total Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan
12.9.2. The Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Therapies in Japan
13. Key Opinion Leaders’ Views14. SWOT Analysis15. Unmet Needs
16. Market Access and Reimbursement
16.1. The United States
16.1.1. Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
16.2. EU4 and the UK
16.2.1. Germany
16.2.2. France
16.2.3. Italy
16.2.4. Spain
16.2.5. The United Kingdom
16.3. Japan
16.3.1. MHLW
17. Appendix
17.1. Bibliography
17.2. Acronyms and Abbreviations
17.3. Report Methodology
18. Publisher Capabilities19. Disclaimer20. About the Publisher
List of Tables
Table 1: Summary of Epidemiology and Market (2020-2034)
Table 2: Key Events for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Table 3: Clinical Features of WHO Groups
Table 4: Clinical Features
Table 5: Total Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the 7MM (2020-2034)
Table 6: Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the 7MM (2020-2034)
Table 7: Total Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US (2020-2034)
Table 8: Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US (2020-2034)
Table 9: Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US (2020-2034)
Table 10: Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US (2020-2034)
Table 11: Class-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US (2020-2034)
Table 12: Subtype-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US (2020-2034)
Table 13: Total Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK (2020-2034)
Table 14: Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK (2020-2034)
Table 15: Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK (2020-2034)
Table 16: Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK (2020-2034)
Table 17: Class-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK (2020-2034)
Table 18: Subtype-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK (2020-2034)
Table 19: Total Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan (2020-2034)
Table 20: Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan (2020-2034)
Table 21: Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan (2020-2034)
Table 22: Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan (2020-2034)
Table 23: Class-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan (2020-2034)
Table 24: Subtype-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan (2020-2034)
Table 25: Comparison of Marketed Drugs
Table 26: UPTRAVI (selexipag), Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 27: TYVASO/TYVASO DPI/TREPROST Inhalation Solution, Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 28: ORENITRAM (treprostinil), Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 29: ADEMPAS (riociguat), Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 30: OPSUMIT (macitentan), Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 31: Comparison of Emerging Drugs Under Development
Table 32: Sotatercept (MK-7962), Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 33: Ralinepag, Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 34: YUTREPIA (inhaled treprostinil), Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 35: Imatinib (TNX-201), Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 36: Vardenafil (RT234), Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 37: Seralutinib (GB002), Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 38: L606 (liposomal treprostinil), Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 39: MK-5475, Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 40: AV-101 (imatinib), Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 41: Treprostinil Palmitil, Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 42: LTP001, Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 43: VASCULAN (ifetroban), Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 44: Rodatristat Ethyl, Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 45: CS1, Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 46: LYNPARZA (olaparib), Clinical Trial Description, 2024
Table 47: Key Market Forecast Assumptions for Sotatercept (MK-7962)
Table 48: Key Market Forecast Assumptions for Ralinepag
Table 49: Key Market Forecast Assumptions for RT234 (vardenafil)
Table 50: Key Market Forecast Assumptions for Seralutinib (GB002)
Table 51: Key Market Forecast Assumptions for YUTREPIA (inhaled treprostinil)
Table 52: Key Market Forecast Assumptions for Imatinib (TNX-201)
Table 53: Key Market Forecast Assumptions for L606 (liposomal treprostinil)
Table 54: Total Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the 7MM, in USD million (2020-2034)
Table 55: Total Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Therapies in the 7MM, in USD million (2020-2034)
Table 56: Total Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US, in USD million (2020-2034)
Table 57: The Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Therapies in the US, in USD million (2020-2034)
Table 58: Total Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK, in USD million (2020-2034)
Table 59: The Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Therapies in EU4 and the UK, in USD million (2020-2034)
Table 60: Total Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan, in USD million (2020-2034)
Table 61: The Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Therapies in Japan, in USD million (2020-2034)
List of Figures
Figure 1: Symptoms of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Figure 2: Classification of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Figure 3: Functional Classification of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Figure 4: Risk Factors of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Figure 5: Pathophysiology of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Figure 6: Pathophysiology of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Figure 7: Diagnostic algorithm for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Figure 8: Treatment Options for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Figure 9: Treatment Algorithm for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Figure 10: Patient Journey
Figure 11: Total Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the 7MM (2020-2034)
Figure 12: Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the 7MM (2020-2034)
Figure 13: Total Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US (2020-2034)
Figure 14: Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US (2020-2034)
Figure 15: Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US (2020-2034)
Figure 16: Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US (2020-2034)
Figure 17: Class-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US (2020-2034)
Figure 18: Subtype-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US (2020-2034)
Figure 19: Total Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK (2020-2034)
Figure 20: Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK (2020-2034)
Figure 21: Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK (2020-2034)
Figure 22: Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK (2020-2034)
Figure 23: Class-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK (2020-2034)
Figure 24: Subtype-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK (2020-2034)
Figure 25: Total Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan (2020-2034)
Figure 26: Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan (2020-2034)
Figure 27: Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan (2020-2034)
Figure 28: Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan (2020-2034)
Figure 29: Class-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan (2020-2034)
Figure 30: Subtype-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan (2020-2034)
Figure 31: Total Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the 7MM, in USD million (2020-2034)
Figure 32: Total Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Therapies in the 7MM, in USD million (2020-2034)
Figure 33: Total Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the US, in USD million (2020-2034)
Figure 34: The Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Therapies in the US, in USD million (2020-2034)
Figure 35: Total Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in EU4 and the UK, in USD million (2020-2034)
Figure 36: The Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Therapies in EU4 and the UK, in USD million (2020-2034)
Figure 37: Total Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Japan, in USD million (2020-2034)
Figure 38: The Market Size of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Therapies in Japan, in USD million (2020-2034)
Figure 39: SWOT Analysis of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Figure 40: Unmet Needs of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Figure 41: Health Technology Assessment
Figure 42: Reimbursement Process in Germany
Figure 43: Reimbursement Process in France
Figure 44: Reimbursement Process in Italy
Figure 45: Reimbursement Process in Spain
Figure 46: Reimbursement Process in the United Kingdom

Samples

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Companies Mentioned (Partial List)

A selection of companies mentioned in this report includes, but is not limited to:

  • Merck
  • Bristol Myers Squibb
  • United Therapeutics
  • Liquidia Technologies
  • Tenax Therapeutics
  • Respira Therapeutics
  • Gossamer Bio
  • Pharmosa Biopharm
  • Aerovate Therapeutics
  • Insmed
  • Novartis
  • Cumberland Pharmaceuticals
  • Sumitomo Pharma (Enzyvant Therapeutics)
  • Cereno Scientific
  • AstraZeneca