In Vitro Toxicity Testing: Technologies and Global Markets

Report Scope

This report examines the current and future market potential of In Vitro Toxicity Testing Technologies. It offers a detailed analysis of the competitive environment, the regulatory scenario, technological advancements, drivers, restraints, opportunity and trends in market growth. This report covers market projections through 2026 and market rank for key market players. The report details the market shares of In Vitro Toxicity Testing Technologies segmented by toxicity endpoints and tests, tools/technology, components and end users.

This report segments the global market by geographic region: North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and the Rest of the world. The North American region includes the U.S., Canada and Mexico, the European region (including Germany, U.K., France and the Rest of Europe), the Asia-Pacific region (including China, India, Japan and the Rest of Asia-Pacific). For market estimates, data is provided for the year 2019-2020 as the base year and forecast through year-end, 2026.

Report Includes

132 data tables and 30 additional tables
An updated review of the global markets for in vitro toxicity testing and technologies under development
Analyses of the global market trends, with data from 2019 to 2020, estimates for 2021 and projections of compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) through 2026
Technology assessment of the key drivers, restraints and opportunities that will shape the market for in vitro toxicity testing over the next five years (2021 to 2026)
Evaluation and forecast the overall market size, and corresponding market share analysis by toxicity endpoints and tests, tool/technology, component, end-user industry and geographic region
Highlights of COVID-19 implications on the progress of this market
Country specific data and market value analysis for the U.S., Canada, Mexico, Germany, U.K., France, Japan, China and India
Review of key technology developments, latest market trends, and other influential factors such as validation and testing strategies for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and chemicals
Insight into recent industry structure, current competitive landscape, R&D activities, and regulatory and legislative issues currently focused on in vitro toxicology testing
Descriptive company profiles of the leading market players, including Abbott Laboratories Inc., GE Healthcare, PerkinElmer Inc., Qiagen NV and Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.

Frequently Asked Questions about the Global In Vitro Toxicity Testing Market

What is the estimated value of the Global In Vitro Toxicity Testing Market?

The Global In Vitro Toxicity Testing Market was estimated to be valued at $9.0 Billion in 2021.

What is the growth rate of the Global In Vitro Toxicity Testing Market?

The growth rate of the Global In Vitro Toxicity Testing Market is 8.3%, with an estimated value of $13.3 Billion by 2026.

What is the forecasted size of the Global In Vitro Toxicity Testing Market?

The Global In Vitro Toxicity Testing Market is estimated to be worth $13.3 Billion by 2026.

Who are the key companies in the Global In Vitro Toxicity Testing Market?

Key companies in the Global In Vitro Toxicity Testing Market include Abbott Laboratories, Inc., Acea Biosciences Inc., Agilent Technologies Inc., Albany Molecular Research Inc., Aptuit Inc., Biognosys AG, Bioreliance, Biovia and Chantest.

Chapter 1 Introduction

Study Goals and Objectives
Reasons for Doing This Study
What's New in This Update
Scope of Report
Information Sources
Methodology
Geographic Breakdown
Analyst's Credentials

Chapter 2 Summary and Highlights

Chapter 3 Market and Technology Background

Introduction

Chapter 4 Regulatory Framework and Programs

Medical Device Definition and Classification
Regulations
U.S.
Europe
Regulatory Timeline

Chapter 5 Market Dynamics

Market Dynamics
Market Drivers
Market Restraints
Opportunities

Chapter 6 Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction
Outbreak
Symptoms of COVID-19
Progression of COVID-19
Incubation Period
Epidemiology
Global Confirmed COVID-19 Cases and Deaths
Collaboration
Spread of Disease
Current Status and Impact on Medtech
Elective and Noncritical Procedures
Shift in Manufacturing
Regulatory Delays, Clinical Trials and Product Launches
Supply Chain Disruptions
Medical Tourism
Government and Private Funds
EUA for Diagnostic Kits and Devices
COVID-19: Global Landscape of Vaccine Development

Chapter 7 Market Breakdown by Toxicity Endpoint and Test

Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity by Toxicity Endpoint and Test
Market Size and Forecast
ADME
Genotoxicity Testing
Cytotoxicity Testing
Ocular Toxicity
Organ Toxicity
Skin Irritation, Corrosion and Sensitization
Phototoxicity Testing
Dermal Toxicity
Carcinogenicity
Neurotoxicity
Development and Reproductive Toxicity (DART)
Other Toxicity Endpoints and Tests

Chapter 8 Market Breakdown by Tool/Technology

Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity by Tool/Technology
Market Size and Forecast
Transcriptomics
Proteomics
Metabolomics
Cellomics or Cytomics

Chapter 9 Market Breakdown by Component

Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Technology by Component
Market Size and Forecast
Equipment
Reagents and Kits
Software and Analytics
Services

Chapter 10 Market Breakdown by End User

Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by End User
Market Size and Forecast
Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology
Food and Beverage Industry
Healthcare (Diagnosis)
Chemical Industry
CROs
Research Institutes
Personal Care Products (Cosmetics)

Chapter 11 Market Breakdown by Region

Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Region
North America
Europe
Asia-Pacific
Rest of the World

Chapter 12 Competitive Landscape

In Vitro Toxicity Testing
Global Company Share Analysis
In Vitro Toxicity Testing Market Players

Chapter 13 Company Profiles

Key Players
Abbott Laboratories, Inc.
Agilent Technologies Inc.
Ge Healthcare
Perkinelmer Inc.
Qiagen Nv
Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.
Other Market Players
Acea Biosciences Inc.
Albany Molecular Research Inc.
Aptuit Inc.
Biognosys AG
Bioreliance
Biovia
Cellular Dynamics International Inc.
Chantest
Charles River Laboratories
Covance Inc.
Cyprotex plc
Drik LLC
Enzo Life Sciences Inc.
Essen Bioscience Inc.
Eurofins Scientific Se
Evotec AG
Genedata
Gentronix Ltd.
Hurel Corp.
Imquest Biosciences Inc.
Imstar Sa
Insphero AG
Kiyatec Inc.
Lonza Group Ltd.
Metabolon Inc.
Molecular Devices LLC
Promega Corp.
Sgs-Sa
Stemina Biomarker Discovery Inc.
Synvivo, Inc.
Vala Sciences Inc.
Vistagen Therapeutics Inc.
Xenometrix AG

Chapter 14 Appendix: List of Acronyms

List of Tables

Summary Table A : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, Through 2026
Summary Table B : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by Toxicity Endpoint and Test, Through 2026
Summary Table C : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by Tools, Through 2026
Summary Table D : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by Component, Through 2026
Summary Table E : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by End User, Through 2026
Table 1 : Class I and Class II Exempt Devices
Table 2 : Timeline: Cosmetic Testing on Animals
Table 3 : In Vitro versus In Vivo Toxicity Models
Table 4 : Research Institutes/Organizations in In Vitro Testing and Other Services
Table 5 : BioReliance (Merck) Toxicology Services
Table 6 : CROs Providing In Vitro Toxicity Services
Table 7 : Instruments, In Vitro Toxicology Testing, 2019
Table 8 : Health Spending Per Capita
Table 9 : COVID-19 Clinical Symptoms
Table 10 : COVID-19 Confirmed Cases and Deaths, by Country, Oct. 28, 2021
Table 11 : Test Kit Manufacturers and EUA
Table 12 : Number of COVID Vaccines in Clinical Development, Nov. 26, 2021
Table 13 : Number of COVID Vaccines in Phase I Clinical Trials, Nov. 26, 2021
Table 14 : Number of COVID Vaccines in Phase I/II Clinical Trials, Nov. 26, 2021
Table 15 : Number of COVID Vaccines in Phase I/II Clinical Trials, Nov. 26, 2021
Table 16 : Number of COVID Vaccines in Phase II/III Clinical Trials, Nov. 26, 2021
Table 17 : Number of COVID Vaccines in Phase III Clinical Trials, Nov. 26, 2021
Table 18 : Number of COVID Vaccines in Phase IV Clinical Trials, Nov. 26, 2021
Table 19 : Candidate Vaccines in Pre-clinical Development, Nov. 26, 2021
Table 20 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicology Testing Technologies, by Toxicity Endpoint and Test, Through 2026
Table 21 : Global Market for ADME, by Region, Through 2026
Table 22 : North American Market for ADME, by Country, Through 2026
Table 23 : European Market for ADME, by Country, Through 2026
Table 24 : Asia-Pacific Market for ADME, by Country, Through 2026
Table 25 : ADME In Vitro Toxicity Products
Table 26 : Global Market for Genotoxicity Testing, by Region, Through 2026
Table 27 : North American Market for Genotoxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 28 : European Market for Genotoxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 29 : Asia-Pacific Market for Genotoxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 30 : Genotoxicity Testing Products
Table 31 : Global Market for Cytotoxicity Testing, by Region, Through 2026
Table 32 : North American Market for Cytotoxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 33 : European Market for Cytotoxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 34 : Asia-Pacific Market for Cytotoxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 35 : Global Market for Ocular Toxicity Testing, by Region, Through 2026
Table 36 : North American Market for Ocular Toxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 37 : European Market for Ocular Toxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 38 : Asia-Pacific Market for Ocular Toxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 39 : Global Market for Organ Toxicity Testing, by Region, Through 2026
Table 40 : North American Market for Organ Toxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 41 : European Market for Organ Toxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 42 : Asia-Pacific Market for Organ Toxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 43 : Global Market for Skin Irritation, Corrosion and Sensitization Testing, by Region, Through 2026
Table 44 : North American Market for Skin Irritation, Corrosion and Sensitization Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 45 : European Market for Skin Irritation, Corrosion and Sensitization Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 46 : Asia-Pacific Market for Skin Irritation, Corrosion and Sensitization Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 47 : Global Market for Phototoxicity Testing, by Region, Through 2026
Table 48 : North American Market for Phototoxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 49 : European Market for Phototoxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 50 : Asia-Pacific Market for Phototoxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 51 : Validated Non-Animal Methods
Table 52 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicology Testing by Dermal Toxicity, by Region, Through 2026
Table 53 : North American Market for Dermal Toxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 54 : European Market for Dermal Toxicity, by Country, Through 2026
Table 55 : Asia-Pacific Market for Dermal Toxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 56 : Global Market for Carcinogenicity Testing, by Region, Through 2026
Table 57 : North American Market for Carcinogenicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 58 : European Market for Carcinogenicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 59 : Asia-Pacific Market for Carcinogenicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 60 : OECD TGs for In Vitro Genotoxicity and Mutagenicity Testing
Table 61 : Global Market for Neurotoxicity Testing, by Region, Through 2026
Table 62 : North American Market for Neurotoxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 63 : European Market for Neurotoxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 64 : Asia-Pacific Market for Neurotoxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 65 : Endpoints, In Vitro Neurotoxicity Testing
Table 66 : Global Market for DART, by Region, Through 2026
Table 67 : North American Market for DART, by Country, Through 2026
Table 68 : European Market for DART, by Country, Through 2026
Table 69 : Asia-Pacific Market for DART, by Country, Through 2026
Table 70 : Global Market for Other types of In Vitro Toxicology Testing, by Region, Through 2026
Table 71 : North American Market for Other Types of In Vitro Toxicology Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 72 : European Market for Other Types of In Vitro Toxicology Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 73 : Asia-Pacific Market for Other Types of In Vitro Toxicology Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 74 : In Vitro Acute Inhalation Toxicity
Table 75 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicology Testing Technologies, by Tool/Technology, Through 2026
Table 76 : Global Market for Transcriptomics, by Region, Through 2026
Table 77 : North American Market for Transcriptomics, by Country, Through 2026
Table 78 : European Market for Transcriptomics, by Country, Through 2026
Table 79 : Asia-Pacific Market for Transcriptomics, by Country, Through 2026
Table 80 : Global Market for Proteomics, by Region, Through 2026
Table 81 : North American Market for Proteomics, by Country, Through 2026
Table 82 : European Market for Proteomics, by Country, Through 2026
Table 83 : Asia-Pacific Market for Proteomics, by Country, Through 2026
Table 84 : Global Market for Metabolomics, by Region, Through 2026
Table 85 : North American Market for Metabolomics, by Country, Through 2026
Table 86 : European Market for Metabolomics, by Country, Through 2026
Table 87 : Asia-Pacific Market for Metabolomics, by Country, Through 2026
Table 88 : Use of Metabolomics Toxicology
Table 89 : Common Analytical Platforms, Metabolomics
Table 90 : Global Market for Cellomics, by Region, Through 2026
Table 91 : North American Market for Cellomics, by Country, Through 2026
Table 92 : European Market for Cellomics, by Country, Through 2026
Table 93 : Asia-Pacific Market for Cellomics, by Country, Through 2026
Table 94 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by Component Type, Through 2026
Table 95 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Equipment, by Region, Through 2026
Table 96 : North American Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Equipment, by Country, Through 2026
Table 97 : European Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Equipment, by Country, Through 2026
Table 98 : Asia-Pacific Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Equipment, by Country, Through 2026
Table 99 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Reagents and Kits, by Region, Through 2026
Table 100 : North American Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Reagents and Kits, by Country, Through 2026
Table 101 : European Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Reagents and Kits, by Country, Through 2026
Table 102 : Asia-Pacific Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Reagents and Kits, by Country, Through 2026
Table 103 : Specifications of HCS LIVE/DEAD Green Kit
Table 104 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Software and Analytics, by Region, Through 2026
Table 105 : North American Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Software and Analytics, by Country, Through 2026
Table 106 : European Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Software and Analytics, by Country, Through 2026
Table 107 : Asia-Pacific Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Software and Analytics, by Country, Through 2026
Table 108 : Features of TraceFinder Software
Table 109 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Services, by Region, Through 2026
Table 110 : North American Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Services, by Country, Through 2026
Table 111 : European Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Services, by Country, Through 2026
Table 112 : Asia-Pacific Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing Services, by Country, Through 2026
Table 113 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by End User, Through 2026
Table 114 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology End Users, by Region, Through 2026
Table 115 : North American Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 116 : European Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 117 : Asia-Pacific Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 118 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Food and Beverage Industry End Users, by Region, Through 2026
Table 119 : North American Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Food and Beverage Industry End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 120 : European Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Food and Beverage Industry End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 121 : Asia-Pacific Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Food and Beverage Industry End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 122 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Healthcare End Users, by Region, Through 2026
Table 123 : North American Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Healthcare End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 124 : European Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Healthcare End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 125 : Asia-Pacific Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Healthcare End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 126 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Chemical Industry End Users, by Region, Through 2026
Table 127 : North American Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Chemical Industry End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 128 : European Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Chemical Industry End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 129 : Asia-Pacific Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Chemical Industry End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 130 : Selected In Vitro Toxicology Services
Table 131 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Contract Research Organization End Users, by Region, Through 2026
Table 132 : North American Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Contract Research Organization End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 133 : European Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Contract Research Organization End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 134 : Asia-Pacific Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Contract Research Organization End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 135 : Selected In Vitro Toxicology Service CROs
Table 136 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Research Institute End Users, by Region, Through 2026
Table 137 : North American Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Research Institute End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 138 : European Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Research Institute End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 139 : Asia-Pacific Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing by Research Institute End Users, by Country, Through 2026
Table 140 : Research Institutes Involved In Vitro Toxicology Tests
Table 141 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing of Personal Care Products, by Region, Through 2026
Table 142 : North American Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing of Personal Care Products, by Country, Through 2026
Table 143 : European Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing of Personal Care Products, by Country, Through 2026
Table 144 : Asia-Pacific Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing of Personal Care Products, by Country, Through 2026
Table 145 : Global Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by Region, Through 2026
Table 146 : North American Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 147 : European Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 148 : Asia-Pacific Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by Country, Through 2026
Table 149 : Global Market Shares of In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by Manufacturer, 2020
Table 150 : Abbott Laboratories: Net Revenue, 2018-2020
Table 151 : Abbott Laboratories: Products and Services
Table 152 : Agilent Technologies Inc.: Net Revenue, 2018-2020
Table 153 : PerkinElmer: Product Portfolio
Table 154 : Qiagen NV: Financials, 2018-2020
Table 155 : Qiagen NV: Products and Services
Table 156 : Thermo Fisher Scientific: Products and Services
Table 157 : Acronyms Used in the In Vitro Toxicity Testing Industry

List of Figures

Figure 1 : Marketing a Medical Device in the U.S.
Figure 2 : Discovery Toxicology
Figure 3 : Global Market Shares of In Vitro Toxicology Testing, by Toxicity Endpoint and Test, 2020
Figure 4 : Global Market Shares of In Vitro Toxicology Testing, by Tool/Technology, 2020
Figure 5 : Drug Discovery Process
Figure 6 : Global Market Shares of In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by Component Type, 2020
Figure 7 : Global Market Shares of In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by End User, 2020
Figure 8 : Global Market Shares of In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by Region, 2020
Figure 9 : North American Market Shares of In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by Country, 2020
Figure 10 : U.S. Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, 2019-2026
Figure 11 : Canadian Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, 2019-2026
Figure 12 : Mexican Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, 2019-2026
Figure 13 : European Market Shares of In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by Country, 2020
Figure 14 : German Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, 2019-2026
Figure 15 : U.K. Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, 2019-2026
Figure 16 : French Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, 2019-2026
Figure 17 : Rest of European Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, 2019-2026
Figure 18 : Asia-Pacific Market Shares of In Vitro Toxicity Testing, by Country, 2020
Figure 19 : Japanese Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, 2019-2026
Figure 20 : Chinese Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, 2019-2026
Figure 21 : Indian Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, 2019-2026
Figure 22 : Rest of Asia-Pacific Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, 2019-2026
Figure 23 : Rest of the World Market for In Vitro Toxicity Testing, 2019-2026
Figure 24 : Abbott Laboratories: Sales Share, by Segment, 2020
Figure 25 : Abbott Laboratories: Sales Share, by Country, 2020
Figure 26 : Agilent Technologies Inc.: Sales Share, by Segment, 2020
Figure 27 : Agilent Technologies Inc.: Net Revenue Share, by Operations, 2020
Figure 28 : Agilent Technologies Inc.: Sales Share, by Region, 2020
Figure 29 : GE: Annual Revenue, 2019 and 2020
Figure 30 : GE: Revenue Share, by Product Category, 2020
Figure 31 : PerkinElmer: Annual Revenue, 2018-2020
Figure 32 : PerkinElmer: Revenue Share, by Business Segment, 2020
Figure 33 : PerkinElmer: Revenue Share, by Revenue Type, 2020
Figure 34 : PerkinElmer: Revenue Share, by Region, 2020
Figure 35 : Qiagen NV: Net Sales Share, by Region, 2020
Figure 36 : Qiagen NV: Net Sales Share, by Product Type, 2020
Figure 37 : Qiagen NV: Net Sales Share of COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Products, 2020
Figure 38 : Qiagen NV: Net Sales Share, by Customer Class, 2020
Figure 39 : Qiagen NV: Net Sales Share, by Product Group, 2020
Figure 40 : Thermo Fisher Scientific: Annual Revenue, 2019 and 2020
Figure 41 : Thermo Fisher Scientific: Revenue Share, by Product Category, 2020
Figure 42 : Thermo Fisher Scientific: Revenue Share, by Region, 2020
Figure 43 : Thermo Fisher Scientific: Revenue Share, by Market, 2020

Executive Summary

The cost of animal testing is high, with some substances costing more than several million dollars. Along with the high cost of toxicity testing, animal welfare is another key concern that calls for alternative testing methods. In vitro model systems, like cell-based models, can significantly reduce costs and the use of animals in toxicity testing. The increasing need for non-animal tests in toxicity testing is driving demand in the in vitro toxicity market. In vitro models are used to gain a better understanding of chemical-induced toxicity in animals and humans. The in vitro test model primarily serves as a rapid screening system for the toxicologic evaluation of chemicals. These models may complement in vivo toxicity tests or may replace some in vivo models if scientifically validated and accepted by regulatory agencies.

The most common in vitro models are isolated tissue preparations, perfused organ preparations, single-cell suspensions, and cell-culture systems (like primary cell cultures) and mammalian cell lines. Cell culture systems often are used because they are reliable, reproducible, and relatively inexpensive testing methods that assess chemical toxicity at the cellular level. Further, non-animal toxicity test methods have been used for determining cellular toxicity by manufacturers to support decisions for conducting conventional animal testing.

The growing demand for in vitro toxicity testing during the drug discovery process and increasing number of contract research organizations (CRO) are major drivers of the global in vitro toxicity market. The Developmental Therapeutics Program at the National Cancer Institute (DTP 2005) developed an in vitro cell-line screen to support its drug-discovery program. For potential anticancer activity, the in vitro cell-line screen test can screen up to 20,000 compounds per year. The in vitro cell-line screen test uses 60 human tumor cell lines, representing various cancers such as skin cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, brain cancer, prostate cancer, blood cancer, and kidney cancer.

Charles River, GVK Biosciences Private Ltd., Sekisui XenoTech LLC and Merck KGaA are among a large number of CROs that offer in vitro toxicity services. The increasing demand for animal-free toxicity tests driving the growth of the global in vitro toxicity market. In vitro toxicity tests are reliable, cost-effective and do not use animals, unlike in vivo tests. The rising global prevalence of chronic diseases has significantly increased demand for the discovery of novel drugs. The toxicity study of drugs and compounds is performed by the regulatory bodies, in order to facilitate the approval of drugs and devices.

The high cost of toxicology equipment, inadequate infrastructure and funding for R&D in emerging countries are expected to hinder the growth of the global in vitro toxicity market. High-throughput screening (HTS) equipment is expensive, particularly for small and emerging countries that wish to purchase multiple instruments. Their high cost may hinder market growth in these countries. However, governments, companies and research institutes are extensively funding for toxicology research, which should overcome the cost challenges and drive market growth during the forecast period. Also, regulatory programs such as TOX21, ToxCast program and NTP (National Toxicology Program) are creating
enormous opportunities for companies in the in vitro toxicity global market.