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Amid the COVID-19 crisis and the looming economic recession, the Massive MIMO market worldwide will grow by a projected US$16.8 Billion, during the analysis period, driven by a revised compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 46.5%. LTE Advanced, one of the segments analyzed and sized in this study, is forecast to grow at over 48.9% and reach a market size of US$12.2 Billion by the end of the analysis period. An unusual period in history, the coronavirus pandemic has unleashed a series of unprecedented events affecting every industry. The LTE Advanced market will be reset to a new normal which going forward in a post COVID-19 era will be continuously redefined and redesigned. Staying on top of trends and accurate analysis is paramount now more than ever to manage uncertainty, change and continuously adapt to new and evolving market conditions.
As part of the new emerging geographic scenario, the United States is forecast to readjust to a 43.7% CAGR. Within Europe, the region worst hit by the pandemic, Germany will add over US$425.5 Million to the region's size over the next 7 to 8 years. In addition, over US$760.2 Million worth of projected demand in the region will come from Rest of the European markets. In Japan, the LTE Advanced segment will reach a market size of US$427.1 Million by the close of the analysis period. Blamed for the pandemic, significant political and economic challenges confront China. Amid the growing push for decoupling and economic distancing, the changing relationship between China and the rest of the world will influence competition and opportunities in the Massive MIMO market. Against this backdrop and the changing geopolitical, business and consumer sentiments, the world’s second largest economy will grow at 39.3% over the next couple of years and add approximately US$1.5 Billion in terms of addressable market opportunity. Continuous monitoring for emerging signs of a possible new world order post-COVID-19 crisis is a must for aspiring businesses and their astute leaders seeking to find success in the now changing Massive MIMO market landscape. All research viewpoints presented are based on validated engagements from influencers in the market, whose opinions supersede all other research methodologies.
Competitors identified in this market include, among others:
China Mobile Ltd, China Unicom (Hong Kong) Ltd, Comba Telecom Systems Holdings Ltd, CommScope, Inc, Deutsche Telekom AG, Ericsson AB, Huawei Technologies Co, Ltd, Kathrein SE, Nokia Corporation, Reliance Jio Infocomm Ltd, Samsung Electronics Co, Ltd, Singtel Optus Pty, Ltd, SmarTone Mobile Communications Limited, Sprint Corporation, Telefonica SA, Telstra Corporation Ltd, T-Mobile US, Inc, Verizon Communications, Inc, Vodafone Group PLC, ZTE Corporation
The global analysis and forecast periods covered within the report are 2020-2027 (Current & Future Analysis) and 2012-2019 (Historic Review). Research estimates are provided for 2020, while research projections cover the period 2021-2027.
As part of the new emerging geographic scenario, the United States is forecast to readjust to a 43.7% CAGR. Within Europe, the region worst hit by the pandemic, Germany will add over US$425.5 Million to the region's size over the next 7 to 8 years. In addition, over US$760.2 Million worth of projected demand in the region will come from Rest of the European markets. In Japan, the LTE Advanced segment will reach a market size of US$427.1 Million by the close of the analysis period. Blamed for the pandemic, significant political and economic challenges confront China. Amid the growing push for decoupling and economic distancing, the changing relationship between China and the rest of the world will influence competition and opportunities in the Massive MIMO market. Against this backdrop and the changing geopolitical, business and consumer sentiments, the world’s second largest economy will grow at 39.3% over the next couple of years and add approximately US$1.5 Billion in terms of addressable market opportunity. Continuous monitoring for emerging signs of a possible new world order post-COVID-19 crisis is a must for aspiring businesses and their astute leaders seeking to find success in the now changing Massive MIMO market landscape. All research viewpoints presented are based on validated engagements from influencers in the market, whose opinions supersede all other research methodologies.
Competitors identified in this market include, among others:
China Mobile Ltd, China Unicom (Hong Kong) Ltd, Comba Telecom Systems Holdings Ltd, CommScope, Inc, Deutsche Telekom AG, Ericsson AB, Huawei Technologies Co, Ltd, Kathrein SE, Nokia Corporation, Reliance Jio Infocomm Ltd, Samsung Electronics Co, Ltd, Singtel Optus Pty, Ltd, SmarTone Mobile Communications Limited, Sprint Corporation, Telefonica SA, Telstra Corporation Ltd, T-Mobile US, Inc, Verizon Communications, Inc, Vodafone Group PLC, ZTE Corporation
The global analysis and forecast periods covered within the report are 2020-2027 (Current & Future Analysis) and 2012-2019 (Historic Review). Research estimates are provided for 2020, while research projections cover the period 2021-2027.
Note: Product cover images may vary from those shown
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I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & REPORT SCOPE
II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. MARKET OVERVIEW
Increasing Number of Installed Antennas on a Radio to Enhance Throughput and Spectrum Efficiency Drives Demand for Massive MIMO Market
5G Technology to Witness Fastest Growth Due to Benefits such as Cost efficiency, Time to Market, and Network Performance
Global 5G and Massive MIMO Radio Shipments in Million Units for the Years 2018, 2020, 2022 and 2024
Competition
Global Massive MIMO Market for the year 2019: Percentage Share Breakdown of Value Sales by Leading Players
Global Competitor Market Shares
Massive MIMO Competitor Market Share Scenario Worldwide (in %): 2019 & 2025
Impact of Covid-19 and a Looming Global Recession
2. FOCUS ON SELECT PLAYERS
3. MARKET TRENDS & DRIVERS
Surge in Need for High Speed Internet and Growth in Data Volumes on Portable Devices Favor Massive MIMO Market Growth
Global Internet Penetration Rate by Region for the year 2019
Global Mobile Data Traffic in EB/Month for the Year 2016, 2018, 2020 and 2022
Breakdown of Network Latency by Network in Milliseconds
Massive MIMO Finds Immense Use in Mobile Communications Market for Software Implementation: A Growth Indicator
Global Wireless Data Communication Market: Revenues in US$ Billion for the Years 2018, 2020, 2022 and 2024
Attributes such as High Signal to Noise Ratio and Link Reliability Make Massive MIMO a Preferred Technology
Usage of Massive MIMO in High Throughput and Long Range Applications such as Multibeam Satellites Continues to Increase
Advancements in 4G LTE & 4.5G Data Models Drives Rapid Demand for Massive MIMO
Product Overview
Massive MIMO: Definition
Benefits and Challenges of Massive MIO
Role of Massive MIMO in LTE Advanced Pro Technology
An Insight on Massive MIMO Technology with 5G
Massive MIMO and LTE Advanced Technology
Massive MIMO TDD Systems
Massive MIMO FDD Systems
4. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE
TABLE 1: Massive MIMO Global Market Estimates and Forecasts in US$ Thousand by Region/Country: 2020-2027
TABLE 2: Massive MIMO Market Share Shift across Key Geographies Worldwide: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 3: LTE Advanced (Technology) World Market by Region/Country in US$ Thousand: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 4: LTE Advanced (Technology) Market Share Breakdown of Worldwide Sales by Region/Country: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 5: LTE Advanced Pro (Technology) Potential Growth Markets Worldwide in US$ Thousand: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 6: LTE Advanced Pro (Technology) Market Sales Breakdown by Region/Country in Percentage: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 7: 5G (Technology) Geographic Market Spread Worldwide in US$ Thousand: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 8: 5G (Technology) Market Share Distribution in Percentage by Region/Country: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 9: TDD (Spectrum) World Market Estimates and Forecasts by Region/Country in US$ Thousand: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 10: TDD (Spectrum) Market Share Breakdown by Region/Country: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 11: FDD (Spectrum) World Market by Region/Country in US$ Thousand: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 12: FDD (Spectrum) Market Share Distribution in Percentage by Region/Country: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 13: Other Spectrums (Spectrum) World Market Estimates and Forecasts in US$ Thousand by Region/Country: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 14: Other Spectrums (Spectrum) Market Percentage Share Distribution by Region/Country: 2020 VS 2027
III. MARKET ANALYSIS
GEOGRAPHIC MARKET ANALYSIS
UNITED STATES
Market Facts & Figures
US Massive MIMO Market Share (in %) by Company: 2019 & 2025
Market Analytics
TABLE 15: Massive MIMO Market in US$ Thousand in the United States by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 16: United States Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 17: United States Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Projections in US$ Thousand by Spectrum: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 18: United States Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
CANADA
TABLE 19: Massive MIMO Market Analysis in Canada in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 20: Canadian Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 21: Canadian Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Forecasts in US$ Thousand by Spectrum: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 22: Massive MIMO Market in Canada: Percentage Share Breakdown of Sales by Spectrum for 2020 and 2027
JAPAN
TABLE 23: Japanese Medium & Long-Term Outlook for Massive MIMO Market in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 24: Japanese Massive MIMO Market Percentage Share Distribution by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 25: Japanese Market for Massive MIMO: Annual Sales Estimates and Projections in US$ Thousand by Spectrum for the Period 2020-2027
TABLE 26: Japanese Massive MIMO Market Share Analysis by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
CHINA
TABLE 27: Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Forecasts in China in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 28: Massive MIMO Market in China: Percentage Share Analysis by Technology for 2020 and 2027
TABLE 29: Chinese Massive MIMO Market Growth Prospects in US$ Thousand by Spectrum for the Period 2020-2027
TABLE 30: Chinese Massive MIMO Market by Spectrum: Percentage Breakdown of Sales for 2020 and 2027
EUROPE
Market Facts & Figures
European Massive MIMO Market: Competitor Market Share Scenario (in %) for 2019 & 2025
Market Analytics
TABLE 31: European Massive MIMO Market Demand Scenario in US$ Thousand by Region/Country: 2018-2025
TABLE 32: European Massive MIMO Market Share Shift by Region/Country: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 33: European Massive MIMO Market Assessment in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 34: Massive MIMO Market in Europe: Percentage Breakdown of Sales by Technology for 2020 and 2027
TABLE 35: European Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Forecasts in US$ Thousand by Spectrum: 2020-2027
TABLE 36: European Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
FRANCE
TABLE 37: French Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Projections in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 38: French Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 39: Massive MIMO Market in France by Spectrum: Estimates and Projections in US$ Thousand for the Period 2020-2027
TABLE 40: French Massive MIMO Market Share Analysis by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
GERMANY
TABLE 41: German Massive MIMO Latent Demand Forecasts in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 42: German Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 43: Massive MIMO Market in Germany: Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis in US$ Thousand by Spectrum for the Period 2020-2027
TABLE 44: German Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
ITALY
TABLE 45: Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Forecasts in Italy in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 46: Massive MIMO Market in Italy: Percentage Share Analysis by Technology for 2020 and 2027
TABLE 47: Italian Massive MIMO Market Growth Prospects in US$ Thousand by Spectrum for the Period 2020-2027
TABLE 48: Italian Massive MIMO Market by Spectrum: Percentage Breakdown of Sales for 2020 and 2027
UNITED KINGDOM
TABLE 49: United Kingdom Medium & Long-Term Outlook for Massive MIMO Market in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 50: United Kingdom Massive MIMO Market Percentage Share Distribution by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 51: United Kingdom Market for Massive MIMO: Annual Sales Estimates and Projections in US$ Thousand by Spectrum for the Period 2020-2027
TABLE 52: United Kingdom Massive MIMO Market Share Analysis by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
REST OF EUROPE
TABLE 53: Rest of Europe Massive MIMO Market Assessment in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 54: Massive MIMO Market in Rest of Europe: Percentage Breakdown of Sales by Technology for 2020 and 2027
TABLE 55: Rest of Europe Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Forecasts in US$ Thousand by Spectrum: 2020-2027
TABLE 56: Rest of Europe Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
ASIA-PACIFIC
TABLE 57: Asia-Pacific Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Projections in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 58: Asia-Pacific Massive MIMO Historic Market Analysis in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 59: Massive MIMO Market in Asia-Pacific by Spectrum: Estimates and Projections in US$ Thousand for the Period 2020-2027
TABLE 60: Asia-Pacific Massive MIMO Market Share Analysis by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
REST OF WORLD
TABLE 61: Massive MIMO Market Analysis in Rest of World in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 62: Rest of World Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 63: Rest of World Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Forecasts in US$ Thousand by Spectrum: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 64: Massive MIMO Market in Rest of World: Percentage Share Breakdown of Sales by Spectrum for 2020 and 2027
IV. COMPETITION
Total Companies Profiled: 44
II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. MARKET OVERVIEW
Increasing Number of Installed Antennas on a Radio to Enhance Throughput and Spectrum Efficiency Drives Demand for Massive MIMO Market
5G Technology to Witness Fastest Growth Due to Benefits such as Cost efficiency, Time to Market, and Network Performance
Global 5G and Massive MIMO Radio Shipments in Million Units for the Years 2018, 2020, 2022 and 2024
Competition
Global Massive MIMO Market for the year 2019: Percentage Share Breakdown of Value Sales by Leading Players
Global Competitor Market Shares
Massive MIMO Competitor Market Share Scenario Worldwide (in %): 2019 & 2025
Impact of Covid-19 and a Looming Global Recession
2. FOCUS ON SELECT PLAYERS
3. MARKET TRENDS & DRIVERS
Surge in Need for High Speed Internet and Growth in Data Volumes on Portable Devices Favor Massive MIMO Market Growth
Global Internet Penetration Rate by Region for the year 2019
Global Mobile Data Traffic in EB/Month for the Year 2016, 2018, 2020 and 2022
Breakdown of Network Latency by Network in Milliseconds
Massive MIMO Finds Immense Use in Mobile Communications Market for Software Implementation: A Growth Indicator
Global Wireless Data Communication Market: Revenues in US$ Billion for the Years 2018, 2020, 2022 and 2024
Attributes such as High Signal to Noise Ratio and Link Reliability Make Massive MIMO a Preferred Technology
Usage of Massive MIMO in High Throughput and Long Range Applications such as Multibeam Satellites Continues to Increase
Advancements in 4G LTE & 4.5G Data Models Drives Rapid Demand for Massive MIMO
Product Overview
Massive MIMO: Definition
Benefits and Challenges of Massive MIO
Role of Massive MIMO in LTE Advanced Pro Technology
An Insight on Massive MIMO Technology with 5G
Massive MIMO and LTE Advanced Technology
Massive MIMO TDD Systems
Massive MIMO FDD Systems
4. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE
TABLE 1: Massive MIMO Global Market Estimates and Forecasts in US$ Thousand by Region/Country: 2020-2027
TABLE 2: Massive MIMO Market Share Shift across Key Geographies Worldwide: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 3: LTE Advanced (Technology) World Market by Region/Country in US$ Thousand: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 4: LTE Advanced (Technology) Market Share Breakdown of Worldwide Sales by Region/Country: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 5: LTE Advanced Pro (Technology) Potential Growth Markets Worldwide in US$ Thousand: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 6: LTE Advanced Pro (Technology) Market Sales Breakdown by Region/Country in Percentage: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 7: 5G (Technology) Geographic Market Spread Worldwide in US$ Thousand: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 8: 5G (Technology) Market Share Distribution in Percentage by Region/Country: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 9: TDD (Spectrum) World Market Estimates and Forecasts by Region/Country in US$ Thousand: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 10: TDD (Spectrum) Market Share Breakdown by Region/Country: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 11: FDD (Spectrum) World Market by Region/Country in US$ Thousand: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 12: FDD (Spectrum) Market Share Distribution in Percentage by Region/Country: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 13: Other Spectrums (Spectrum) World Market Estimates and Forecasts in US$ Thousand by Region/Country: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 14: Other Spectrums (Spectrum) Market Percentage Share Distribution by Region/Country: 2020 VS 2027
III. MARKET ANALYSIS
GEOGRAPHIC MARKET ANALYSIS
UNITED STATES
Market Facts & Figures
US Massive MIMO Market Share (in %) by Company: 2019 & 2025
Market Analytics
TABLE 15: Massive MIMO Market in US$ Thousand in the United States by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 16: United States Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 17: United States Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Projections in US$ Thousand by Spectrum: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 18: United States Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
CANADA
TABLE 19: Massive MIMO Market Analysis in Canada in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 20: Canadian Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 21: Canadian Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Forecasts in US$ Thousand by Spectrum: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 22: Massive MIMO Market in Canada: Percentage Share Breakdown of Sales by Spectrum for 2020 and 2027
JAPAN
TABLE 23: Japanese Medium & Long-Term Outlook for Massive MIMO Market in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 24: Japanese Massive MIMO Market Percentage Share Distribution by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 25: Japanese Market for Massive MIMO: Annual Sales Estimates and Projections in US$ Thousand by Spectrum for the Period 2020-2027
TABLE 26: Japanese Massive MIMO Market Share Analysis by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
CHINA
TABLE 27: Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Forecasts in China in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 28: Massive MIMO Market in China: Percentage Share Analysis by Technology for 2020 and 2027
TABLE 29: Chinese Massive MIMO Market Growth Prospects in US$ Thousand by Spectrum for the Period 2020-2027
TABLE 30: Chinese Massive MIMO Market by Spectrum: Percentage Breakdown of Sales for 2020 and 2027
EUROPE
Market Facts & Figures
European Massive MIMO Market: Competitor Market Share Scenario (in %) for 2019 & 2025
Market Analytics
TABLE 31: European Massive MIMO Market Demand Scenario in US$ Thousand by Region/Country: 2018-2025
TABLE 32: European Massive MIMO Market Share Shift by Region/Country: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 33: European Massive MIMO Market Assessment in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 34: Massive MIMO Market in Europe: Percentage Breakdown of Sales by Technology for 2020 and 2027
TABLE 35: European Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Forecasts in US$ Thousand by Spectrum: 2020-2027
TABLE 36: European Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
FRANCE
TABLE 37: French Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Projections in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 38: French Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 39: Massive MIMO Market in France by Spectrum: Estimates and Projections in US$ Thousand for the Period 2020-2027
TABLE 40: French Massive MIMO Market Share Analysis by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
GERMANY
TABLE 41: German Massive MIMO Latent Demand Forecasts in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 42: German Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 43: Massive MIMO Market in Germany: Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis in US$ Thousand by Spectrum for the Period 2020-2027
TABLE 44: German Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
ITALY
TABLE 45: Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Forecasts in Italy in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 46: Massive MIMO Market in Italy: Percentage Share Analysis by Technology for 2020 and 2027
TABLE 47: Italian Massive MIMO Market Growth Prospects in US$ Thousand by Spectrum for the Period 2020-2027
TABLE 48: Italian Massive MIMO Market by Spectrum: Percentage Breakdown of Sales for 2020 and 2027
UNITED KINGDOM
TABLE 49: United Kingdom Medium & Long-Term Outlook for Massive MIMO Market in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 50: United Kingdom Massive MIMO Market Percentage Share Distribution by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 51: United Kingdom Market for Massive MIMO: Annual Sales Estimates and Projections in US$ Thousand by Spectrum for the Period 2020-2027
TABLE 52: United Kingdom Massive MIMO Market Share Analysis by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
REST OF EUROPE
TABLE 53: Rest of Europe Massive MIMO Market Assessment in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 54: Massive MIMO Market in Rest of Europe: Percentage Breakdown of Sales by Technology for 2020 and 2027
TABLE 55: Rest of Europe Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Forecasts in US$ Thousand by Spectrum: 2020-2027
TABLE 56: Rest of Europe Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
ASIA-PACIFIC
TABLE 57: Asia-Pacific Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Projections in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 58: Asia-Pacific Massive MIMO Historic Market Analysis in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 59: Massive MIMO Market in Asia-Pacific by Spectrum: Estimates and Projections in US$ Thousand for the Period 2020-2027
TABLE 60: Asia-Pacific Massive MIMO Market Share Analysis by Spectrum: 2020 VS 2027
REST OF WORLD
TABLE 61: Massive MIMO Market Analysis in Rest of World in US$ Thousand by Technology: 2020-2027
TABLE 62: Rest of World Massive MIMO Market Share Breakdown by Technology: 2020 VS 2027
TABLE 63: Rest of World Massive MIMO Market Estimates and Forecasts in US$ Thousand by Spectrum: 2020 to 2027
TABLE 64: Massive MIMO Market in Rest of World: Percentage Share Breakdown of Sales by Spectrum for 2020 and 2027
IV. COMPETITION
Total Companies Profiled: 44
Note: Product cover images may vary from those shown
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