Emerging 2D Materials and Devices for the Internet of Things: Information, Sensing and Energy Applications summarizes state-of-the-art technologies in applying 2D layered materials, discusses energy and sensing device applications as essential infrastructure solutions, and explores designs that will make internet-of-things devices faster, more reliable and more accessible for the creation of mass-market products. The book focuses on information, energy and sensing applications, showing how different types of 2D materials are being used to create a new generation of products and devices that harness the capabilities of wireless technology in an eco-efficient, reliable way.
This book is an important resource for both materials scientists and engineers, who are designing new wireless products in a variety of industry sectors.
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Table of Contents
1 Two-dimensional materials-based nonvolatile resistive memories and radio frequency switches .......................................................................1
Ruijing Ge, Xiaohan Wu, Myungsoo Kim,
Jack C. Lee and Deji Akinwande
1.1 Introduction to two-dimensional
nonvolatile resistive memory........................ 1
1.2 Two-dimensional materials preparation
and memory device fabrication .................... 3
1.3 Two-dimensional nonvolatile resistive
memory........................................................... 7
1.4 Switching mechanics ................................... 12
1.5 MoS2 radio frequency switches .................. 18
1.6 Summary ...................................................... 25
Acknowledgment ................................................ 25
References ........................................................... 25
2 Two-dimensional materials-based radio frequency wireless communication and sensing systems for Internet-of-things applications ..............................................................29
Liang Zhu, Mohamed Farhat,
Khaled Nabil Salama and Pai-Yen Chen
2.1 Introduction .................................................. 29
2.2 Radio frequency performance of
two-dimensional transistors........................ 32
2.3 Frequency mixers and signal modulators
based on two-dimensional transistors ....... 45
2.4 Integrated wireless Internet-of-things
sensors.......................................................... 48
2.5 Radio frequency energy harvesting using
two-dimensional electronic devices ........... 51
2.6 Conclusion .................................................... 52
References ........................................................... 53
3 Graphene electronic tattoo sensors for
point-of-care personal health monitoring and
human_machine interfaces ..................................59
Shideh Kabiri Ameri and Liu Wang
3.1 Introduction .................................................. 59
3.2 Theoretical background ............................... 61
3.3 Fabrication of graphene electronic tattoo
sensors.......................................................... 65
3.4 Applications of graphene electronic tattoo
sensors and effects of the thickness on
performance ................................................. 71
3.5 Conclusion .................................................... 85
References ........................................................... 85
4 Transition metal dichalcogenides as
ultrasensitive and high-resolution
biosensing nodes......................................................87
Xiaogan Liang
4.1 New opportunities for biosensing
devices .......................................................... 87
4.2 Electronic biosensors made from
transition metal dichalcogenides ................ 94
4.3 Biosensors based on optical and
optoelectronic properties of transition metal
dichalcogenides...........................................103
4.4 Biosensors based on structural properties
of transition metal dichalcogenides...........107
4.5 Final remarks ...............................................112
References ..........................................................113
5 Nanophotonics and optoelectronics based on
two-dimensional MoS2 .........................................121
Zilong Wu, Linhan Lin and Yuebing Zheng
5.1 MoS2-based nanoplasmonics ....................121
5.2 MoS2-based optoelectronics ......................127
5.3 Summary .....................................................133
References ..........................................................134
6 Graphene-based anode materials for
lithium-ion batteries ..............................................139
Hui Xu, Zhengming Sun and Jian Chen
6.1 Introduction .................................................139
6.2 Lithium-ion batteries and anode
materials ......................................................140
6.3 Graphene and graphene-based
composites as anode materials..................143
6.4 Conclusion and outlook..............................158
References ..........................................................159
7 Two-dimensional materials as photoelectrodes
in water reduction devices for energy
applications .............................................................165
Li Ji, Xingli Zou, Hsien-Yi Hsu, Kai Huang,
Na Gao, Hao Zhu, Lin Chen, Qingqing Sun,
Peng Zhou and David Wei Zhang
7.1 Basic mechanism of solar water
splitting ........................................................167
7.2 Design principles of photoelectrochemical
cells for water splitting ...............................168
7.3 Two-dimensional materials as
conducting channels ...................................170
7.4 Two-dimensional materials as charge
mediator/separator......................................172
7.5 Two-dimensional materials as
cocatalysts ...................................................174
7.6 Two-dimensional materials as other
roles..............................................................176
7.7 Summary and perspectives........................177
References ..........................................................177
8 Two-dimensional Xenes and their device
concepts for future micro- and nanoelectronics
and energy applications .......................................181
Carlo Grazianetti, Christian Martella and
Alessandro Molle
8.1 Introduction .................................................181
8.2 First-generation Xenes................................183
8.3 Second-generation Xenes ..........................195
8.4 Perspectives and conclusion ......................207
References ..........................................................208
9 Piezoelectric one- to two-dimensional
nanomaterials for vibration energy
harvesting devices .................................................221
Ruijian Zhu and Zengmei Wang
9.1 Introduction .................................................221
9.2 Preparation and characterization of
piezoelectric 1_2D nanomaterials .............223
9.3 Piezoelectric 1_2D nanomaterial for
energy harvesting .......................................229
9.4 Conclusion ...................................................240
Acknowledgment ...............................................240
References ..........................................................240
10 Nanocomposite materials for
nano-electronic-based Internet of things
sensors and energy device signaling .............243
Congyue Liu, Bailin Tian and Mengning Ding
10.1 Introduction .............................................243
10.2 Nanocomposite materials for
chemical sensory devices and
Internet of things.....................................245
10.3 Electronic sensing and signaling for
sustainable energy devices ....................263
References ..........................................................285
11 Prospects and challenges in low-dimensional
materials and devices for Internet of
things .......................................................................291
Anhan Liu, Siyao Jiang, Zhengrui Zhu,
Sixin Zhang, Dingxuan Kang and Li Tao
11.1 Flexible and wearable devices for
Internet of things.....................................292
11.2 Human_machine interface devices
for Internet of things ...............................297
11.3 Two-dimensional multifunctional
device node for Internet of things..........305
11.4 Sustainable energy devices for
Internet of things.....................................313
11.5 5G/6G technology engaging with
Internet of things.....................................319
References ..........................................................323
Index..................................................................... 329
