Fibroblast Growth Factor 23

Table of Contents

1. The discovery of FGF23 a historic view: genetic disorders of hypo- and hyperphosphatemia 2. FGF23 an established master regulator of phosphate metabolism 3. FGF23 more than a phosphaturic hormone 4. The regulation of FGF23 production in bone and outside of bone 5. Klotho-dependent actions of FGF23 targets, signal transduction and cellular effects 6. Klotho-independent actions of FGF23 targets, signal transduction and cellular effects 7. The experimental detection of FGF23 responsiveness and effects 8. FGF23 and bone disease 9. FGF23 and kidney disease 10. FGF23 and heart and vascular disease 11. FGF23 and inflammation, anemia, and iron 12. FGF23 and infectious diseases 13. FGF23 and lung disease 14. FGF23 and neuro-cognitive disorders 15. FGF23 as a drug target 16. FGF23 resolved issues, remaining controversies and future questions a clinician's perspective 17. Klotho the discovery of the FGF23 co-receptor 18. Klotho an FGF23-independent hormone 19. Klotho and aging phenotypes 20. aKlotho gene and protein measurements in humans and their role as a clinical biomarker of disease 21. Structural Basis of FGF23 Hormone Signaling 22. Klotho open questions, controversies and future perspectives 23. The crosstalk between phosphate, FGF23 and klotho in the regulation of tissue homeostasis in health and disease

Authors

Christian Faul Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. Dr. Faul earned his PhD title at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in the Bronx in 2005, and conducted his postdoctoral research training at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City. He currently is an Associate Professor in the Division of Nephrology within the Department of Medicine and in the Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology (CDIB) at UAB.) He is also a member of the Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine. He focuses on circulating fibroblast growth factors and their pathological effects on the heart in the context of diabetes and chronic kidney disease. In collaborations with pharma industry, Dr. Faul analyzes beneficial cardiac effects of pharmacological blockers for fibroblast growth factor receptors in animal models with diabetes and kidney injury. Dr. Faul received research funding from the American Diabetes Association (ADA), the American Society of Nephrology (ASN), and American Heart Association (AHA), and the NephCure Foundation, as well as support from pharma industry. Kenneth White Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. Dr. White studied the molecular genetics of metabolic bone diseases during an NIH-sponsored postdoctoral fellowship at the Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM). He played an instrumental role in discovering the novel hormone FGF23 during this time, and since then his laboratory has been funded to study FGF23 and its co-receptor Klotho. Within the University, he is Director of the MMGE Division of Molecular Genetics and Gene Therapy and currently a member of the Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health (ICMH). Orlando Gutierrez Hilda B. Anderson Endowed Chair in Nephrology, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Associate Director of the Division of Nephrology, and Deputy Director of the Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA. Dr. Guti�rrez is the Hilda B. Anderson Endowed Chair in Nephrology, Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Associate Director of the Division of Nephrology, and Deputy Director of the Center for Clinical and Translational Science at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB). Dr. Guti�rrez's research is focused on understanding pathophysiological mechanisms underlying disorders of phosphorus and vitamin D metabolism in health and in individuals with kidney disease. He has a special interest in delineating environmental and/or behavioral factors that may modulate these associations, particularly those related to health disparities, poverty and nutrition. To this end, his group conducts epidemiologic and patient-oriented studies investigating the impact of disturbances in phosphorus metabolism on kidney and cardiovascular health. He is funded by grants from the National Institutes of Health, the American Heart Association, and industry.