Breast MRI. State of the Art and Future Directions. Advances in Magnetic Resonance Technology and Applications Volume 5

Table of Contents

Section 1. Performance and Interpretation of Breast MRI 1. Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocols i.Abbreviated and Ultrafast MRI ii.Multiparametric MRI in clinical practice 2. Artifacts 3. BI-RADS 4. The Kaiser score: an evidence-based clinical decision rule for dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI 5. Background parenchymal enhancement

Section 2. MRI Characteristics of Common Breast Lesions 6. Benign 7. High-risk 8. DCIS 9. Invasive cancers

Section 3. Clinical Indications for Breast MRI 10. Screening 11. Staging and treatment planning 12. Response assessment to neoadjuvant therapy 13. Follow-up: Posttreatment changes and Recurrent Breast Cancer 14. Breast Augmentation and Post-mastectomy Autologous Breast Reconstruction 15. Problem Solving 16. Cancer of Unknown Primary including Imaging of the Axilla

Section 4: Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging-guided Interventions and Therapy 17. Biopsy including MRI-directed US and rad-path correlation 18. Monitoring Therapy Future Directons

Section 5. Advanced and Emerging Approaches 19. Non-contrast MRI 20. Ultra-high field magnets 21. Pharmacokinetic modelling 22. Diffusion MRI of the breast: standard and advanced techniques 23. Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 24. Emerging MRI Techniques: CEST, BOLD, Sodium, Phospohorus MRS, Lipid MRS, HP MRI

Section 6: Hybrid Imaging and Alternative Techniques 25. PET/MRI hybrid imaging and targeted tracers 26. Alternative techniques: CEM and MBI

Section 7: Prognostic and Predictive MR imaging biomarkers 27. MRI Radiomics and Radiogenomics for Breast Cancer 28. Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning

Authors

Katja Pinker Associate Professor of Radiology and Faculty Member, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Gender Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Austria. Katja Pinker, MD, PhD, EBBI obtained her medical degree at the Medical University of Vienna in 2003. From 2005 until 2010 he was trained as a radiologist at the Department of Radiology at the Medical University of Vienna. Her focus on breast imaging began right after completing medical school in 2003 when she joined the research team of the Division of Molecular and Gender Imaging in Vienna, Austria. She benefitted from clinical research training in world-leading groups, including the Division of Molecular and Gender Imaging and the MR Centre of Excellence in the Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, the Breast Health Center at the Comprehensive Cancer Center, and the Pre-Clinical Imaging Laboratory, which endowed her with broad theoretical and practical knowledge in breast and cancer imaging, with a special focus on advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In 2008, she was awarded a European School of Radiology Visiting Scholarship at the Breast Unit, Barts and The London Cancer Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London in 2008, and consecutively was received as a research fellow at the London Breast Institute, Princess Grace Hospital, London, UK, in 2009. Ritse Mann Department of Radiology, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Ritse Mann MD, PhD, obtained his medical degree at the University of Utrecht in the Netherlands in 2004. In 2005 he started a PhD project to the value of breast MRI in invasive lobular carcinoma at the Radboud University Medical Centre in Nijmegen, where he was trained by the late prof. dr. Carla Boetes. From 2008 to 2013 he trained as a resident in radiology, followed by a fellowship in interventional radiology at the same institution, where he now works as breast and interventional radiologist. He is, since 2010, responsible for the clinical breast research at the radiology department of the Radboudumc. The breast imaging research group of the Radboudumc is one of the largest dedicated groups in Europe with large preclinical arms in x-ray development, ultrasound and artificial intelligence. Consequently, dr. Mann's research has a specific focus on the evaluation and implementation of novel breast imaging techniques. He also has a strong personal interest in breast MRI with a focus on the implementation of new sequences for breast screening. Savannah Partridge Professor, Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Savannah C. Partridge, Ph.D. is a Professor in the Departments of Radiology and Bioengineering, and the Research Director for Breast Imaging at the University of Washington School of Medicine. She is also the Associate Director of Cancer Imaging at the Seattle Cancer Care Alliance in Seattle, Washington, USA. Dr. Partridge is a leading expert in technique optimization and clinical validation of diffusion MRI of the breast. She is an active member in multiple international cancer and imaging cooperative groups and has led two large multi-institutional breast DWI clinical trials through the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group - American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ECOG-ACRIN).