+353-1-416-8900REST OF WORLD
+44-20-3973-8888REST OF WORLD
1-917-300-0470EAST COAST U.S
1-800-526-8630U.S. (TOLL FREE)

Li-Fi Device Global Market Insights 2023, Analysis and Forecast to 2028, by Manufacturers, Regions, Technology, Application, Product Type

  • PDF Icon

    Report

  • 109 Pages
  • August 2023
  • Region: Global
  • Prof Research
  • ID: 5875382
Description Jump to:

Quick Summary:

In an increasingly interconnected global business environment, staying aware and informed about the world of Li-Fi Device technology is crucial. Our comprehensive market research report provides tailored insights about global size, demand, major players, pricing, and more in the Li-Fi Device market. This valuable information covers key geographical regions, including North America, South America, Asia & Pacific, Europe, and MEA, along with important countries in these regions.

Key competitors draw our special attention, and the report provides insights such as company profiles, business information, SWOT analysis, sales volume, and market share. This detailed report is a critical asset for anyone keen to understand and navigate the rapidly-evolving market dynamics of Li-Fi Device technology. We delve into multiple applications segment, including transportation, healthcare, vehicles, aviation and more along with types segments. Let our research benefit and support your strategic decision-making process.

This report describes the global market size of Li-Fi Device from 2018 to 2022 and its CAGR from 2018 to 2022, and also forecasts its market size to the end of 2028 and its CAGR from 2023 to 2028.

For the geography segment, regional supply, demand, major players, price is presented from 2018 to 2028.

This report covers the following regions:

  • North America
  • South America
  • Asia & Pacific
  • Europe
  • MEA
The key countries for each region are also included such as the United States, China, Japan, India, Korea, ASEAN, Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain, CIS, and Brazil etc.

For the competitor segment, the report includes global key players of Li-Fi Device as well as some small players.

The information for each competitor includes:

  • Company Profile
  • Main Business Information
  • SWOT Analysis
  • Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin
  • Market Share

Applications Segment:

  • Transportation
  • Healthcare
  • Vehicles
  • Aviation
  • Others

Types Segment:

  • LED Bulbs
  • Lamps
  • Wireless Devices

Companies Covered:

  • PureLi-Fi
  • Lucibel
  • Oledcomm
  • General Electric
  • Osram
  • Sunpartner Technologies
  • LG Innotek
  • Yuyang D and U
  • Semicon Light
  • Wipro
Base Year: 2023
Historical Data: from 2018 to 2022
Forecast Data: from 2023 to 2028


This product will be delivered within 1-3 business days.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Executive SummaryChapter 2 Abbreviation and Acronyms
Chapter 3 Preface
3.1 Research Scope
3.2 Research Sources
3.2.1 Data Sources
3.2.2 Assumptions
3.3 Research Method
Chapter 4 Market Landscape
4.1 Market Overview
4.2 Classification/Types
4.3 Application/End Users
Chapter 5 Market Trend Analysis
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Drivers
5.3 Restraints
5.4 Opportunities
5.5 Threats
5.6 Covid-19 Impact
Chapter 6 Industry Chain Analysis
6.1 Upstream/Suppliers Analysis
6.2 Li-Fi Device Analysis
6.2.1 Technology Analysis
6.2.2 Cost Analysis
6.2.3 Market Channel Analysis
6.3 Downstream Buyers/End Users
Chapter 7 Latest Market Dynamics
7.1 Latest News
7.2 Merger and Acquisition
7.3 Planned/Future Project
7.4 Policy Dynamics
Chapter 8 Trading Analysis
8.1 Export of Li-Fi Device by Region
8.2 Import of Li-Fi Device by Region
8.3 Balance of Trade
Chapter 9 Historical and Forecast Li-Fi Device Market in North America (2018-2028)
9.1 Li-Fi Device Market Size
9.2 Li-Fi Device Demand by End Use
9.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
9.4 Type Segmentation and Price
9.5 Key Countries Analysis
9.5.1 United States
9.5.2 Canada
9.5.3 Mexico
Chapter 10 Historical and Forecast Li-Fi Device Market in South America (2018-2028)
10.1 Li-Fi Device Market Size
10.2 Li-Fi Device Demand by End Use
10.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
10.4 Type Segmentation and Price
10.5 Key Countries Analysis
10.5.1 Brazil
10.5.2 Argentina
10.5.3 Chile
10.5.4 Peru
Chapter 11 Historical and Forecast Li-Fi Device Market in Asia & Pacific (2018-2028)
11.1 Li-Fi Device Market Size
11.2 Li-Fi Device Demand by End Use
11.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
11.4 Type Segmentation and Price
11.5 Key Countries Analysis
11.5.1 China
11.5.2 India
11.5.3 Japan
11.5.4 South Korea
11.5.5 Southeast Asia
11.5.6 Australia
Chapter 12 Historical and Forecast Li-Fi Device Market in Europe (2018-2028)
12.1 Li-Fi Device Market Size
12.2 Li-Fi Device Demand by End Use
12.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
12.4 Type Segmentation and Price
12.5 Key Countries Analysis
12.5.1 Germany
12.5.2 France
12.5.3 United Kingdom
12.5.4 Italy
12.5.5 Spain
12.5.6 Belgium
12.5.7 Netherlands
12.5.8 Austria
12.5.9 Poland
12.5.10 Russia
Chapter 13 Historical and Forecast Li-Fi Device Market in MEA (2018-2028)
13.1 Li-Fi Device Market Size
13.2 Li-Fi Device Demand by End Use
13.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
13.4 Type Segmentation and Price
13.5 Key Countries Analysis
13.5.1 Egypt
13.5.2 Israel
13.5.3 South Africa
13.5.4 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries
13.5.5 Turkey
Chapter 14 Summary For Global Li-Fi Device Market (2018-2023)
14.1 Li-Fi Device Market Size
14.2 Li-Fi Device Demand by End Use
14.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
14.4 Type Segmentation and Price
Chapter 15 Global Li-Fi Device Market Forecast (2023-2028)
15.1 Li-Fi Device Market Size Forecast
15.2 Li-Fi Device Demand Forecast
15.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
15.4 Type Segmentation and Price Forecast
Chapter 16 Analysis of Global Key Vendors
16.1 PureLi-Fi
16.1.1 Company Profile
16.1.2 Main Business and Li-Fi Device Information
16.1.3 SWOT Analysis of PureLi-Fi
16.1.4 PureLi-Fi Li-Fi Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.2 Lucibel
16.2.1 Company Profile
16.2.2 Main Business and Li-Fi Device Information
16.2.3 SWOT Analysis of Lucibel
16.2.4 Lucibel Li-Fi Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.3 Oledcomm
16.3.1 Company Profile
16.3.2 Main Business and Li-Fi Device Information
16.3.3 SWOT Analysis of Oledcomm
16.3.4 Oledcomm Li-Fi Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.4 General Electric
16.4.1 Company Profile
16.4.2 Main Business and Li-Fi Device Information
16.4.3 SWOT Analysis of General Electric
16.4.4 General Electric Li-Fi Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.5 Osram
16.5.1 Company Profile
16.5.2 Main Business and Li-Fi Device Information
16.5.3 SWOT Analysis of Osram
16.5.4 Osram Li-Fi Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.6 Sunpartner Technologies
16.6.1 Company Profile
16.6.2 Main Business and Li-Fi Device Information
16.6.3 SWOT Analysis of Sunpartner Technologies
16.6.4 Sunpartner Technologies Li-Fi Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.7 LG Innotek
16.7.1 Company Profile
16.7.2 Main Business and Li-Fi Device Information
16.7.3 SWOT Analysis of LG Innotek
16.7.4 LG Innotek Li-Fi Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.8 Yuyang D and U
16.8.1 Company Profile
16.8.2 Main Business and Li-Fi Device Information
16.8.3 SWOT Analysis of Yuyang D and U
16.8.4 Yuyang D and U Li-Fi Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.9 Semicon Light
16.9.1 Company Profile
16.9.2 Main Business and Li-Fi Device Information
16.9.3 SWOT Analysis of Semicon Light
16.9.4 Semicon Light Li-Fi Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.10 Wipro
16.10.1 Company Profile
16.10.2 Main Business and Li-Fi Device Information
16.10.3 SWOT Analysis of Wipro
16.10.4 Wipro Li-Fi Device Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Tables and Figures
Table Abbreviation and Acronyms List
Table Research Scope of Li-Fi Device Report
Table Data Sources of Li-Fi Device Report
Table Major Assumptions of Li-Fi Device Report
Figure Market Size Estimated Method
Figure Major Forecasting Factors
Figure Li-Fi Device Picture
Table Li-Fi Device Classification
Table Li-Fi Device Applications List
Table Drivers of Li-Fi Device Market
Table Restraints of Li-Fi Device Market
Table Opportunities of Li-Fi Device Market
Table Threats of Li-Fi Device Market
Table Covid-19 Impact For Li-Fi Device Market
Table Raw Materials Suppliers List
Table Different Production Methods of Li-Fi Device
Table Cost Structure Analysis of Li-Fi Device
Table Key End Users List
Table Latest News of Li-Fi Device Market
Table Merger and Acquisition List
Table Planned/Future Project of Li-Fi Device Market
Table Policy of Li-Fi Device Market
Table 2018-2028 Regional Export of Li-Fi Device
Table 2018-2028 Regional Import of Li-Fi Device
Table 2018-2028 Regional Trade Balance
Figure 2018-2028 Regional Trade Balance
Table 2018-2028 North America Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2018-2028 North America Li-Fi Device Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2018-2028 North America Li-Fi Device Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2018-2028 North America Li-Fi Device Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 North America Li-Fi Device Key Players Sales List
Table 2018-2023 North America Li-Fi Device Key Players Market Share List
Table 2018-2028 North America Li-Fi Device Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 North America Li-Fi Device Price List by Type
Table 2018-2028 United States Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 United States Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Canada Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Canada Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Mexico Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Mexico Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 South America Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2018-2028 South America Li-Fi Device Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2018-2028 South America Li-Fi Device Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2018-2028 South America Li-Fi Device Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 South America Li-Fi Device Key Players Sales List
Table 2018-2023 South America Li-Fi Device Key Players Market Share List
Table 2018-2028 South America Li-Fi Device Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 South America Li-Fi Device Price List by Type
Table 2018-2028 Brazil Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Brazil Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Argentina Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Argentina Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Chile Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Chile Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Peru Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Peru Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Asia & Pacific Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2018-2028 Asia & Pacific Li-Fi Device Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2018-2028 Asia & Pacific Li-Fi Device Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2018-2028 Asia & Pacific Li-Fi Device Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 Asia & Pacific Li-Fi Device Key Players Sales List
Table 2018-2023 Asia & Pacific Li-Fi Device Key Players Market Share List
Table 2018-2028 Asia & Pacific Li-Fi Device Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 Asia & Pacific Li-Fi Device Price List by Type
Table 2018-2028 China Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 China Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 India Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 India Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Japan Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Japan Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 South Korea Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 South Korea Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Southeast Asia Li-Fi Device Market Size List
Table 2018-2028 Southeast Asia Li-Fi Device Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Southeast Asia Li-Fi Device Import List
Table 2018-2028 Southeast Asia Li-Fi Device Export List
Table 2018-2028 Australia Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Australia Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Europe Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2018-2028 Europe Li-Fi Device Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2018-2028 Europe Li-Fi Device Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2018-2028 Europe Li-Fi Device Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 Europe Li-Fi Device Key Players Sales List
Table 2018-2023 Europe Li-Fi Device Key Players Market Share List
Table 2018-2028 Europe Li-Fi Device Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 Europe Li-Fi Device Price List by Type
Table 2018-2028 Germany Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Germany Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 France Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 France Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 United Kingdom Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 United Kingdom Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Italy Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Italy Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Spain Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Spain Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Belgium Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Belgium Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Netherlands Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Netherlands Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Austria Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Austria Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Poland Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Poland Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Russia Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Russia Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 MEA Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2018-2028 MEA Li-Fi Device Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2018-2028 MEA Li-Fi Device Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2018-2028 MEA Li-Fi Device Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 MEA Li-Fi Device Key Players Sales List
Table 2018-2023 MEA Li-Fi Device Key Players Market Share List
Table 2018-2028 MEA Li-Fi Device Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 MEA Li-Fi Device Price List by Type
Table 2018-2028 Egypt Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Egypt Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Israel Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Israel Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 South Africa Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 South Africa Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Turkey Li-Fi Device Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Turkey Li-Fi Device Import & Export List
Table 2018-2023 Global Li-Fi Device Market Size List by Region
Table 2018-2023 Global Li-Fi Device Market Size Share List by Region
Table 2018-2023 Global Li-Fi Device Market Volume List by Region
Table 2018-2023 Global Li-Fi Device Market Volume Share List by Region
Table 2018-2023 Global Li-Fi Device Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 Global Li-Fi Device Demand Market Share List by Application
Table 2018-2023 Global Li-Fi Device Key Vendors Sales List
Table 2018-2023 Global Li-Fi Device Key Vendors Sales Share List
Figure 2018-2023 Global Li-Fi Device Market Volume and Growth Rate
Table 2018-2023 Global Li-Fi Device Key Vendors Revenue List
Figure 2018-2023 Global Li-Fi Device Market Size and Growth Rate
Table 2018-2023 Global Li-Fi Device Key Vendors Revenue Share List
Table 2018-2023 Global Li-Fi Device Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 Global Li-Fi Device Demand Market Share List by Type
Table 2018-2023 Regional Li-Fi Device Price List
Table 2023-2028 Global Li-Fi Device Market Size List by Region
Table 2023-2028 Global Li-Fi Device Market Size Share List by Region
Table 2023-2028 Global Li-Fi Device Market Volume List by Region
Table 2023-2028 Global Li-Fi Device Market Volume Share List by Region
Table 2023-2028 Global Li-Fi Device Demand List by Application
Table 2023-2028 Global Li-Fi Device Demand Market Share List by Application
Table 2023-2028 Global Li-Fi Device Key Vendors Sales List
Table 2023-2028 Global Li-Fi Device Key Vendors Sales Share List
Figure 2023-2028 Global Li-Fi Device Market Volume and Growth Rate
Table 2023-2028 Global Li-Fi Device Key Vendors Revenue List
Figure 2023-2028 Global Li-Fi Device Market Size and Growth Rate
Table 2023-2028 Global Li-Fi Device Key Vendors Revenue Share List
Table 2023-2028 Global Li-Fi Device Demand List by Type
Table 2023-2028 Global Li-Fi Device Demand Market Share List by Type
Table 2023-2028 Li-Fi Device Regional Price List
Table PureLi-Fi Information
Table SWOT Analysis of PureLi-Fi
Table 2018-2023 PureLi-Fi Li-Fi Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 PureLi-Fi Li-Fi Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 PureLi-Fi Li-Fi Device Market Share
Table Lucibel Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Lucibel
Table 2018-2023 Lucibel Li-Fi Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Lucibel Li-Fi Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Lucibel Li-Fi Device Market Share
Table Oledcomm Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Oledcomm
Table 2018-2023 Oledcomm Li-Fi Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Oledcomm Li-Fi Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Oledcomm Li-Fi Device Market Share
Table General Electric Information
Table SWOT Analysis of General Electric
Table 2018-2023 General Electric Li-Fi Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 General Electric Li-Fi Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 General Electric Li-Fi Device Market Share
Table Osram Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Osram
Table 2018-2023 Osram Li-Fi Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Osram Li-Fi Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Osram Li-Fi Device Market Share
Table Sunpartner Technologies Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Sunpartner Technologies
Table 2018-2023 Sunpartner Technologies Li-Fi Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Sunpartner Technologies Li-Fi Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Sunpartner Technologies Li-Fi Device Market Share
Table LG Innotek Information
Table SWOT Analysis of LG Innotek
Table 2018-2023 LG Innotek Li-Fi Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 LG Innotek Li-Fi Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 LG Innotek Li-Fi Device Market Share
Table Yuyang D and U Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Yuyang D and U
Table 2018-2023 Yuyang D and U Li-Fi Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Yuyang D and U Li-Fi Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Yuyang D and U Li-Fi Device Market Share
Table Semicon Light Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Semicon Light
Table 2018-2023 Semicon Light Li-Fi Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Semicon Light Li-Fi Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Semicon Light Li-Fi Device Market Share
Table Wipro Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Wipro
Table 2018-2023 Wipro Li-Fi Device Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Wipro Li-Fi Device Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Wipro Li-Fi Device Market Share

Companies Mentioned (Partial List)

A selection of companies mentioned in this report includes, but is not limited to:

  • PureLi-Fi
  • Lucibel
  • Oledcomm
  • General Electric
  • Osram
  • Sunpartner Technologies
  • LG Innotek
  • Yuyang D and U
  • Semicon Light
  • Wipro

Methodology

Loading
LOADING...

Related Topics

Related Reports

Li-Fi Market Report by Component, Application, Transmission Type, End-User, and Region 2024-2032 - Product Image

Li-Fi Market Report by Component, Application, Transmission Type, End-User, and Region 2024-2032

  • Report
  • 142 Pages
  • Global
From
Light Fidelity (Li-Fi)/Visible Light Communication Global Market Report 2024 - Product Image

Light Fidelity (Li-Fi)/Visible Light Communication Global Market Report 2024

  • Report
  • 200 Pages
  • Global
From
Global FSO & VLC/Li-Fi Market by Component (Light Emitting Diode, Microcontroller, Photo Detector), Transmission Type (Bidirectional Transmission, Unidirectional Transmission), Application - Forecast 2024-2030 - Product Image

Global FSO & VLC/Li-Fi Market by Component (Light Emitting Diode, Microcontroller, Photo Detector), Transmission Type (Bidirectional Transmission, Unidirectional Transmission), Application - Forecast 2024-2030

  • Report
  • 199 Pages
  • Global
From
Visible Light Communication Li Fi Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, 2019-2029F - Product Image

Visible Light Communication Li Fi Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, 2019-2029F

  • Report
  • 180 Pages
  • Global
From
Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) - Global Strategic Business Report - Product Image

Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) - Global Strategic Business Report

  • Report
  • 257 Pages
  • Global
From
Copyright © 2002-2024 Research and Markets. All Rights Reserved.