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Lateral Flow Assays Market - Global Outlook & Forecast 2023-2028

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    Report

  • 312 Pages
  • February 2023
  • Region: Global
  • Arizton
  • ID: 5733625
UP TO OFF until Dec 31st 2024
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The global lateral flow assays market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 2.89% from 2022 to 2028. The market is one of the major segments in the global point of care or the rapid diagnostics market and is growing steadily and is anticipated to grow at a similar pace during the forecast period. Further, the growth in the market is attributed to the increasing prevalence/incidence of various infectious and chronic diseases. In addition, malaria is still a cause of death in a few regions. For instance, according to the WHO, malaria is one of the leading causes of death in the Middle East & Africa.

MARKET TRENDS & OPPORTUNITIES

Smartphone and AI Integration in Lateral Flow Immunoassay

The use of smartphones as biosensors in many applications (e.g., optical-based methods such as absorption, reflection, fluorescence, etc.) is particularly important for improving diagnostics, healthcare, medical, food, and environmental monitoring. It has the potential as a portable, low-cost POC platform and provides treatment in remote low-income areas. The Cambridge-based startup, PocDoc, has received CE mark approval for a digital reader powered with artificial intelligence (AI) for lateral flow testing. The cloud-based system turns any smartphone or tablet into a universal digital reader, enabling healthcare organizations to perform large-scale lateral flow testing for any disease or marker. An AI-driven innovation that can read a COVID-19 lateral flow diagnostic test using a user's smartphone has received special use approval from the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).

Evolving New Application of Lateral Flow Assays

Lateral flow testing is widely used for infectious disease diagnosis, heart disease diagnosis, and veterinary applications but has seen increased use in recent years in several new applications. For example, saliva diagnostics, behavioral health, agriculture (detection of genetically modified organisms and quality control of plants), biological warfare (detection of Bacillus anthracis), environmental testing (detection of contaminating enzymes in production facilities), food microbiology (E. coli Detection of O157, Salmonella, Listeria, and other food spoilage bacteria) has emerged as a new application area in the lateral flow assays market.

Saliva is a new biological fluid with many studies and clinical applications. OraSure Technologies, based in the US, is one of the largest lateral flow saliva testing vendors. Salivary LFAs have also infiltrated the market for applications such as substance abuse testing, and several systems have been cleared for sale by the FDA. However, the tests remain largely qualitative.

Growing Adoption of Home-Based Lateral Flow Assay Devices

Home tests (also called self-tests or home tests) are typically sold over the counter and allow users to test self-collected samples and obtain results without the assistance of a trained medical professional. The home-use lateral flow assay device plays an important role in the treatment of cardiovascular disease and infectious diseases. These devices could also be very useful for testing pregnancy and stigmatized diseases such as HIV, allowing patients to perform self-tests at home. Therefore, the increasing incidence of these diseases and the growing adoption of lateral flow assay testing in home healthcare are expected to propel the lateral flow assays market growth. During COVID-19, many companies have introduced at-home lateral flow assays for COVID-19 testing. This is because people feared rushing to a diagnostic lab or hospital for testing has created a demand for at-home lateral flow assays.

Some of the introduced tests for home use were:

  • In August 2020, BinaxNOW COVID-19 Ag Card and Panbio rapid COVID-19 test in September 2020
  • In September 2020, Roche launched the SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen test
  • Quidel launched during the COVID-19, Sofia 2 Flu+ SARS Antigen FIA
  • In June 2022, Siemens Healthineers launched the CLINITEST Rapid COVID-19 Antigen test and
  • BD has launched the BD Veritor SARS CoV-2 Test

SEGMENTATION INSIGHTS

INSIGHTS BY PRODUCT

The kits & reagents are expected to be the largest product segment in the global lateral flow assays market in 2022, accounting for a share of 82.24%. These kits & reagents predominantly include biomarkers, assay kits, and reagents, including substrates, enzymes, specific proteins, lipids, and other test kits. The awareness of rapid and POC testing for various infectious diseases is one of the key factors driving the demand for rapid testing. The large market share of the segment is also attributed to the use of consumables reoccurring in nature, and the consumables segment generates continuous revenue for vendors. As a result, many renowned vendors are manufacturing consumables required for analyzers. This growth is attributable to the growing use of rapid tests in several points of care (POC) sites, such as emergency care, physician offices, ambulatory settings, nursing homes, and by individuals for diagnosing several diseases such as infectious diseases, diabetes, cancer, and other metabolic diseases.

Segmentation by Product

  • Kits & Reagents
  • Readers

INSIGHTS BY APPLICATION

The global lateral flow assays market is segmented into clinical diagnostics, food safety, veterinary diagnostics, and others. Clinical application accounted for the global market's highest share, 46.50%, in 2022. Rapid infectious disease diagnostic tests are critical for diagnosing diseases for early detection and biosurveillance and improving global health. For instance, the Health and Human Services (HHS), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the US Department of Defense (DoD) consider rapid and early detection a keyway to reduce the impact on the population. The POC provides multiple advantages over other diagnostics to diagnose infectious diseases, especially for rapid testing scenarios. For instance, Chembio, a leading lateral flow assay market company, is offering FDA-approved LFA HIV tests, SURE CHECK HIV 1/2 Assay, which combines a patented plastic barrel device that houses the lateral flow strip.

The global lateral flow assays market by food safety is expected to reach USD 3.83 billion by 2028. The lateral flow test is a very convenient immunoassay for detecting foodborne pathogens. The test covers the most important pathogens, acts as a minilab, and includes built-in control reactions for optimized pathogen testing. There are many leading and local players offering LFA testing for food testing, including Sigma-Aldrich, a subsidiary of Merck kGaA, Perkinelmer, R- Biopharma, Abingdon Health, and creative diagnostics.

Segmentation by Application

  • Clinical Diagnostics
  • Food Safety
  • Veterinary Diagnostics
  • Others

INSIGHTS BY TECHNIQUE

The sandwich assays held the most significant technique segment share in the global lateral flow assays market in 2022 at 61.36%. The first type of LFA assay is a non-competitive or sandwich assay. It is used for macromolecular analytes with two antigen-binding sites: which bind to the target and has a binder that does not interfere with each other. If the target is present in the sample, the signal at the test line will increase. The LFA vendor uses the sandwich technique to market their product; the best-known examples of this format are the over-the-counter pregnancy tests. The sandwich assays account for a larger share of the technique segment, also growing with a high growth rate of 3.39% in the market. At the same time, the competitive segment accounted for 38.64% of the global lateral flow assays market.

Segmentation by Technique

  • Sandwich Assays
  • Competitive Assays

INSIGHTS BY END USERS

The global lateral flow assays market is segmented into hospitals & clinics, individuals, diagnostic laboratories, food & beverage companies (FBC), pharma & biotech companies (PBC), and others by end-users. The hospitals & clinics held the largest end-users market share at 25.32% in 2022. Hospitals perform more rapid tests than other end-users and form the first point of contact for infections and diseases. The diagnosis is used for the initial patient screening, thereby contributing to the larger use of rapid testing in hospitals. Moreover, hospitals establish contracts with multiple vendors for procuring rapid test kits, POC analyzers, and related consumables. In addition, hospital laboratories are unique entities in hospitals. Around 92% of the hospitals operate with their laboratories. Hospitals are one of the largest end-users of infectious disease diagnosis, which perform a wide range of diagnostics per the requirement.

Segmentation by End-Users

  • Hospitals & Clinics
  • Individuals
  • Diagnostic Laboratories
  • Food & Beverage Companies
  • Pharma & Biotech Companies
  • Others

GEOGRAPHICAL INSIGHTS

a) North America accounted for the highest share of 28.57% in the global lateral flow assays market in 2022. The region is dominating among all the regions due to several factors, such as the increase in the prevalence of infectious diseases such as COVID-19, influenza, HIV, chronic conditions & lifestyle diseases, easy availability, and the high affordability of technologically advanced LFAs, presence of key vendor for the LFAs. Moreover, the presence of advanced healthcare infrastructure and the availability of government funding for research will likely augment the expansion of the LFA market for LFAs in this region. For instance, In July 2020, the NIH invested USD 248.7 million in developing new technologies to deal with the challenges associated with the testing of COVID-19.

b) Europe's lateral flow assays market was valued at USD 2.58 billion in 2022. The region has developed healthcare infrastructure with the availability of advanced lateral flow assay devices coupled with the high prevalence of infectious and chronic diseases, which has significantly contributed to the overall growth of the lateral flow assay market. Moreover, the region is affected by the increasing prevalence of infectious diseases, which include HIV, Haemophilus influenzae, Meningococcal disease, Streptococcus pneumoniae, etc., contributing to the growth of the market.

Segmentation by Geography

  • North America
  • US
  • Canada
  • Europe
  • UK
  • Germany
  • France
  • Italy
  • Russia
  • Spain
  • APAC
  • China
  • Japan
  • India
  • South Korea
  • Australia
  • Philippines
  • Latin America
  • Brazil
  • Mexico
  • Argentina
  • Middle East & Africa
  • South Africa
  • Saudi Arabia
  • Turkey

VENDOR LANDSCAPE

The global lateral flow assay market is highly dynamic, with several global and local players offering various instruments/analyzers and reagents for diagnosing various clinical testing, food safety, Veterinary Diagnostics, drug testing, etc. The industry is consolidated with global players accounting for dominant shares. Abbott, Danaher, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Quidel, and Siemens Healthineers are the leading players and account for significant global lateral flow assays market share.

Key Company Profiles

  • Abbott
  • F. Hoffmann-La Roche
  • Siemens Healthineers
  • Thermo Fisher Scientific
  • Quidel

Other Prominent Vendors

  • BD
  • Abaxis
  • Abingdon Health
  • Access BIO
  • Arbor Vita
  • Assure Tech
  • Atomo Diagnostics
  • AccuBioTech
  • BIOMÉRIEUX
  • bioLytical Laboratories
  • BIO-RAD Laboratories
  • Biosynex
  • Cupid
  • DIALAB
  • HUMAN Gesellschaft für Biochemica und Diagnostica mbH
  • INTEC
  • J. Mitra & Co. Pvt. Ltd.
  • Meril Life Sciences
  • MP Biomedicals
  • Medsource Ozone Biomedicals
  • Nanjing Synthgene Medical Technology
  • OraSure Technologies
  • Premier Medical
  • QIAGEN
  • SD Biosensor
  • Rega Biotechnology
  • KHB
  • Türklab A.S.
  • Trinity Biotech
  • Wondfo
  • PerkinElmer
  • Merck KGaA

KEY QUESTIONS ANSWERED:

1. How big is the lateral flow assays market?
2. What is the growth rate of the lateral flow assays market?
3. Which are the key companies in the global lateral flow assays market?
4. Which region holds the most significant global lateral flow assays market share?
5. What are the rising trends in the lateral flow assay market?

Table of Contents

1 Research Methodology

2 Research Objectives

3 Research Process

4 Scope & Coverage
4.1 Market Definition
4.1.1 Inclusions
4.1.2 Exclusions
4.1.3 Market Estimation Caveats
4.2 Base Year
4.3 Scope of the Study
4.3.1 Market Segmentation by Geography

5 Report Assumptions & Caveats
5.1 Key Caveats
5.2 Currency Conversion
5.3 Market Derivation

6 Premium Insights
6.1 Market Overview
6.1.1 Market Dynamics
6.1.2 Market Segmentation
6.1.3 Vendor Analysis

7 Market at a Glance

8 Introduction
8.1 Overview

9 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.1 Smartphone & Artificial Intelligence Integration in Lateral Flow Immunoassay
9.2 New Applications of Lfas
9.3 Surge in Demand for Lfas in Food & Beverage Industry

10 Market Growth Enablers
10.1 Prevalence of Chronic & Infectious Diseases
10.2 Adoption of Home-Based Lfa Devices
10.3 Demand for Poc Testing

11 Market Restraints
11.1 Availability of Alternative Testing Approaches
11.2 Inconsistent Results & Limitations of Lfa Tests
11.3 Challenges in Raw Material Sourcing & Lfa Development

12 Market Landscape
12.1 Market Overview
12.2 Market Size & Forecast
12.2.1 Insight by Geography Segmentation
12.2.2 Insight by Product Segmentation
12.2.3 Insight by Technique Segmentation
12.2.4 Insight by Application Segmentation
12.2.5 Insight by End-User Segmentation
12.3 Five Forces Analysis
12.3.1 Threat of New Entrants
12.3.2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
12.3.3 Bargaining Power of Buyers
12.3.4 Threat of Substitutes
12.3.5 Competitive Rivalry

13 Product
13.1 Market Snapshot & Growth Engine
13.2 Market Overview
13.3 Kits & Reagents
13.3.1 Market Overview
13.3.2 Market Size & Forecast
13.3.3 Market by Geography
13.4 Readers
13.4.1 Market Overview
13.4.2 Market Size & Forecast
13.4.3 Market by Geography

14 Application
14.1 Market Snapshot & Growth Engine
14.2 Market Overview
14.3 Clinical Diagnostics
14.3.1 Market Overview
14.3.2 Market Size & Forecast
14.3.3 Market by Geography
14.4 Food Safety
14.4.1 Market Overview
14.4.2 Market Size & Forecast
14.4.3 Market by Geography
14.5 Veterinary Diagnostics
14.5.1 Market Overview
14.5.2 Market Size & Forecast
14.5.3 Market by Geography
14.6 Others
14.6.1 Market Overview
14.6.2 Market Size & Forecast
14.6.3 Market by Geography

15 Technique
15.1 Market Snapshot & Growth Engine
15.2 Market Overview
15.3 Sandwich Assays
15.3.1 Market Overview
15.3.2 Market Size & Forecast
15.3.3 Market by Geography
15.4 Competitive Assays
15.4.1 Market Overview
15.4.2 Market Size & Forecast
15.4.3 Market by Geography

16 End-User
16.1 Market Snapshot & Growth Engine
16.2 Market Overview
16.3 Hospitals & Clinics
16.3.1 Market Overview
16.3.2 Market Size & Forecast
16.3.3 Market by Geography
16.4 Home Healthcare
16.4.1 Market Overview
16.4.2 Market Size & Forecast
16.4.3 Market by Geography
16.5 Diagnostic Laboratories
16.5.1 Market Overview
16.5.2 Market Size & Forecast
16.5.3 Market by Geography
16.6 Food & Beverage Companies
16.6.1 Market Overview
16.6.2 Market Size & Forecast
16.6.3 Market by Geography
16.7 Pharma & Biotech Companies
16.7.1 Market Overview
16.7.2 Market Size & Forecast
16.7.3 Market by Geography
16.8 Others
16.8.1 Market Overview
16.8.2 Market Size & Forecast
16.8.3 Market by Geography

17 Geography
17.1 Market Snapshot & Growth Engine
17.2 Geographic Overview

18 North America
18.1 Market Overview
18.2 Market Size & Forecast
18.3 North America: Product Segmentation
18.4 North America: Application Segmentation
18.5 North America: Technique Segmentation
18.6 North America: End-User Segmentation
18.7 Key Countries
18.7.1 Us: Market Size & Forecast
18.7.2 Canada: Market Size & Forecast

19 Europe
19.1 Market Overview
19.2 Market Size & Forecast
19.3 Europe: Product Segmentation
19.4 Europe: Application Segmentation
19.5 Europe: Technique Segmentation
19.6 Europe: End-User Segmentation
19.7 Key Countries
19.7.1 Uk: Market Size & Forecast
19.7.2 France: Market Size & Forecast
19.7.3 Germany: Market Size & Forecast
19.7.4 Italy: Market Size & Forecast
19.7.5 Russia: Market Size & Forecast
19.7.6 Spain: Market Size & Forecast

20 APAC
20.1 Market Overview
20.2 Market Size & Forecast
20.3 APAC: Product Segmentation
20.4 APAC: Application Segmentation
20.5 APAC: Technique Segmentation
20.6 APAC: End-User Segmentation
20.7 Key Countries
20.7.1 India: Market Size & Forecast
20.7.2 China: Market Size & Forecast
20.7.3 Japan: Market Size & Forecast
20.7.4 South Korea: Market Size & Forecast
20.7.5 Australia: Market Size & Forecast
20.7.6 Philippines: Market Size & Forecast

21 Latin America
21.1 Market Overview
21.2 Market Size & Forecast
21.3 Latin America: Product Segmentation
21.4 Latin America: Application Segmentation
21.5 Latin America: Technique Segmentation
21.6 Latin America: End-User Segmentation
21.7 Key Countries
21.7.1 Brazil: Market Size & Forecast
21.7.2 Mexico: Market Size & Forecast
21.7.3 Argentina: Market Size & Forecast

22 Middle East & Africa
22.1 Market Overview
22.2 Market Size & Forecast
22.3 Middle East & Africa: Product Segmentation
22.4 Middle East & Africa: Application Segmentation
22.5 Middle East & Africa: Technique Segmentation
22.6 Middle East & Africa: End-User Segmentation
22.7 Key Countries
22.7.1 Turkey: Market Size & Forecast
22.7.2 Saudi Arabia: Market Size & Forecast
22.7.3 South Africa: Market Size & Forecast

23 Competitive Landscape
23.1 Competition Overview
23.2 Market Share Analysis

24 Key Company Profiles
24.1 Abbott
24.1.1 Business Overview
24.1.2 Product Offerings
24.1.3 Key Strategies
24.1.4 Key Strengths
24.1.5 Key Opportunities
24.2 F. Hoffmann-La Roche
24.2.1 Business Overview
24.2.2 Product Offerings
24.2.3 Key Strategies
24.2.4 Key Strengths
24.2.5 Key Opportunities
24.3 Siemens Healthineers
24.3.1 Business Overview
24.3.2 Product Offerings
24.3.3 Key Strategies
24.3.4 Key Strengths
24.3.5 Key Opportunities
24.4 Thermo Fisher Scientific
24.4.1 Business Overview
24.4.2 Product Offerings
24.4.3 Key Strategies
24.4.4 Key Strengths
24.4.5 Key Opportunities
24.5 Quidel
24.5.1 Business Overview
24.5.2 Product Offerings
24.5.3 Key Strategies
24.5.4 Key Strengths
24.5.5 Key Opportunities

25 Other Prominent Vendors
25.1 Abaxis
25.1.1 Business Overview
25.1.2 Product Offerings
25.2 Abingdon Health
25.2.1 Business Overview
25.2.2 Product Offerings
25.3 Access Bio
25.3.1 Business Overview
25.3.2 Product Offerings
25.4 Arbor Vita
25.4.1 Business Overview
25.4.2 Product Offerings
25.5 Assure Tech
25.5.1 Business Overview
25.5.2 Product Offerings
25.6 Atomo Diagnostics
25.6.1 Business Overview
25.6.2 Product Offerings
25.7 Accubiotech
25.7.1 Business Overview
25.7.2 Product Offerings
25.8 Bd
25.8.1 Business Overview
25.8.2 Product Offerings
25.9 Biomérieux
25.9.1 Business Overview
25.9.2 Product Offerings
25.10 Biolytical Laboratories
25.10.1 Business Overview
25.10.2 Product Offerings
25.11 Bio-Rad Laboratories
25.11.1 Business Overview
25.11.2 Product Offerings
25.12 Biosynex
25.12.1 Business Overview
25.12.2 Product Offerings
25.13 Cupid
25.13.1 Business Overview
25.13.2 Product Offerings
25.14 Dialab
25.14.1 Business Overview
25.14.2 Product Offerings
25.15 Human Gesellschaft Für Biochemica Und Diagnostica Mbh
25.15.1 Business Overview
25.15.2 Product Offerings
25.16 Intec
25.16.1 Business Overview
25.16.2 Product Offerings
25.17 J. Mitra & Co. Pvt.Ltd.
25.17.1 Business Overview
25.17.2 Product Offerings
25.18 Khb
25.18.1 Business Overview
25.18.2 Product Offerings
25.19 Meril Life Sciences
25.19.1 Business Overview
25.19.2 Product Offerings
25.20 Merck Kgaa
25.20.1 Business Overview
25.20.2 Product Offerings
25.21 Mp Biomedicals
25.21.1 Business Overview
25.21.2 Product Offerings
25.22 Medsource Ozone Biomedicals
25.22.1 Business Overview
25.22.2 Product Offerings
25.23 Nanjing Synthgene Medical Technology
25.23.1 Business Overview
25.23.2 Product Offerings
25.24 Orasure Technologies
25.24.1 Business Overview
25.24.2 Product Offerings
25.25 Perkinelmer
25.25.1 Business Overview
25.25.2 Product Offerings
25.26 Premier Medical
25.26.1 Business Overview
25.26.2 Product Offerings
25.27 Qiagen
25.27.1 Business Overview
25.27.2 Product Offerings
25.28 Rega Biotechnology
25.28.1 Business Overview
25.28.2 Product Offerings
25.29 Sd Biosensor
25.29.1 Business Overview
25.29.2 Product Offerings
25.30 Türklab A.S.
25.30.1 Business Overview
25.30.2 Product Offerings
25.31 Trinity Biotech
25.31.1 Business Overview
25.31.2 Product Offerings
25.32 Wondfo
25.32.1 Business Overview
25.32.2 Product Offerings

26 Report Summary
26.1 Key Takeaways
26.2 Strategic Recommendations

27 Quantitative Summary
27.1 Market by Product
27.1.1 North America: Product Segmentation
27.1.2 Europe: Product Segmentation
27.1.3 APAC: Product Segmentation
27.1.4 Latin America: Product Segmentation
27.1.5 Middle East & Africa: Product Segmentation
27.2 Market by Technique
27.2.1 North America: Technique Segmentation
27.2.2 Europe: Technique Segmentation
27.2.3 APAC: Technique Segmentation
27.2.4 Latin America: Technique Segmentation
27.2.5 Middle East & Africa: Technique Segmentation
27.3 Market by Application
27.3.1 North America: Application Segmentation
27.3.2 Europe: Application Segmentation
27.3.3 APAC: Application Segmentation
27.3.4 Latin America: Application Segmentation
27.3.5 Middle East & Africa: Application Segmentation
27.4 Market by End-User
27.4.1 North America: End-User Segmentation
27.4.2 Europe: End-User Segmentation
27.4.3 APAC: End-User Segmentation
27.4.4 Latin America: End-User Segmentation
27.4.5 Middle East & Africa: End-User Segmentation
27.5 Market by Geography
27.5.1 Kits & Reagents: Geography Segmentation
27.5.2 Readers: Geography Segmentation
27.5.3 Clinical Diagnostics: Geography Segmentation
27.5.4 Food Safety: Geography Segmentation
27.5.5 Veterinary Diagnostics: Geography Segmentation
27.5.6 Others: Geography Segmentation
27.5.7 Sandwich Assays: Geography Segmentation
27.5.8 Competitive Assays: Geography Segmentation
27.5.9 Hospitals & Clinics: Geography Segmentation
27.5.10 Home Healthcare: Geography Segmentation
27.5.11 Diagnostic Laboratories: Geography Segmentation
27.5.12 Food & Beverage Companies: Geography Segmentation
27.5.13 Pharma & Biotech Companies: Geography Segmentation
27.5.14 Others: Geography Segmentation

28 Appendix
28.1 Abbreviations

Companies Mentioned

  • Abbott
  • F. Hoffmann-La Roche
  • Siemens Healthineers
  • Thermo Fisher Scientific
  • Quidel
  • BD
  • Abaxis
  • Abingdon Health
  • Access BIO
  • Arbor Vita
  • Assure Tech
  • Atomo Diagnostics
  • AccuBioTech
  • BIOMÉRIEUX
  • bioLytical Laboratories
  • BIO-RAD Laboratories
  • Biosynex
  • Cupid
  • DIALAB
  • HUMAN Gesellschaft für Biochemica und Diagnostica mbH
  • INTEC
  • J. Mitra & Co. Pvt. Ltd.
  • Meril Life Sciences
  • MP Biomedicals
  • Medsource Ozone Biomedicals
  • Nanjing Synthgene Medical Technology
  • OraSure Technologies
  • Premier Medical
  • QIAGEN
  • SD Biosensor
  • Rega Biotechnology
  • KHB
  • Türklab A.S.
  • Trinity Biotech
  • Wondfo
  • PerkinElmer
  • Merck KGaA

Methodology


Our research comprises a mix of primary and secondary research. The secondary research sources that are typically referred to include, but are not limited to, company websites, annual reports, financial reports, company pipeline charts, broker reports, investor presentations and SEC filings, journals and conferences, internal proprietary databases, news articles, press releases, and webcasts specific to the companies operating in any given market.

Primary research involves email interactions with the industry participants across major geographies. The participants who typically take part in such a process include, but are not limited to, CEOs, VPs, business development managers, market intelligence managers, and national sales managers. We primarily rely on internal research work and internal databases that we have populated over the years. We cross-verify our secondary research findings with the primary respondents participating in the study.



 

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