The newest edition of the essential guide to pancreatic medicine
The fourth edition of The Pancreas: An Integrated Textbook of Basic Science, Medicine, and Surgery integrates the cutting-edge research of recent years to update its presentation of this fast-growing subject. It details every known disorder of the pancreas, grounding them in a thorough understanding of pancreatic function, enhanced with high quality illustration and graphs. It also includes step-by-step guidance for relevant endoscopic techniques and surgical procedures.
The Pancreas readers will also find: - New comprehensive insights into three pancreatic diseases: autoimmune pancreatitis, cystic neoplasms, and neuroendocrine tumors - An editorial team with decades of clinical and research experience in the US, Europe, and Asia - Over 500 downloadable illustrations for use in scientific presentations
The Pancreas is a foundational reference for clinicians and researchers in gastroenterology and gastrointestinal surgery.
Table of Contents
About the Companion Website xvii
Section 1 Anatomy of the Pancreas 1
1 Development of the Pancreas and Related Structures 3
Brian Lewis and Junhao Mao
2 Anatomy, Histology, and Fine Structure of the Pancreas 9
Daniel S. Longnecker and Elizabeth D. Thompson
3 Congenital and Inherited Anomalies of the Pancreas 23
Heiko Witt and Martin Zenker
Section 2 Physiology and Pathophysiology of Pancreatic Functions 33
4 Physiology of Acinar Cell Secretion 35
Ole H. Petersen
5 Physiology of Duct Cell Secretion 48
Wei- Yin Lin, Paramita Sarkar, and Shmuel Muallem
6 Physiology and Pathophysiology of Function of Sphincter of Oddi 56
Savio George Barreto and James Toouli
7 Neurohormonal and Hormonal Control of Pancreatic Secretion 65
Chung Owyang and Matthew J. DiMagno
8 Regulation of Pancreatic Protein Synthesis and Growth 75
Maria Dolors Sans and John A. Williams
9 Fibrogenesis in the Pancreas: The Role of Pancreatic Stellate Cells 86
Minoti V. Apte, Romano C. Pirola, and Jeremy S. Wilson
10 Pancreatic Endocrine-Exocrine Relationship 98
Kenichiro Furuyama and Yoshiya Kawaguchi
Section 3 Acute Pancreatitis 105
11 Epidemiology and Etiology of Alcohol- Induced Pancreatitis 107
Jeremy S. Wilson, Romano C. Pirola, and Minoti V. Apte
12 Epidemiology and Etiology of Biliary Acute Pancreatitis 119
Ippei Ikoma, Ko Tomishima, and Hiroyuki Isayama
13 Genetic Factors in Acute Pancreatitis 128
Mitchell L. Ramsey and Georgios I. Papachristou
14 The Role of the Intestine and Mesenteric Lymph in the Development of Organ Dysfunction in Severe Acute Pancreatitis 138
Alistair B.J. Escott, Anthony R.J. Phillips, and John A. Windsor
15 The Role of Neurogenic Inflammation in Pancreatitis 146
Metrah Mohammad Nader and Jami L. Saloman
16 Molecular, Biochemical, and Metabolic Abnormalities of Acute Pancreatitis 155
Ujjwal M. Mahajan, F. Ulrich Weiss, Markus M. Lerch, and Julia Mayerle
17 Histopathology of Acute Pancreatitis 164
Günter Klöppel
18 Severity Classification of Acute Pancreatitis 170
John A. Windsor
19 Clinical Assessment and Biochemical Markers to Objectify Severity and Prognosis 176
Bettina M. Rau and Claus Schäfer
20 Acute Pancreatitis Associated with Congenital Anomalies 185
Charlotte S. Austin, Christopher R. Schlieve, Andrew L. Warshaw, and Tracy C. Grikscheit
21 Acute Pancreatitis in Children 191
Mark E. Lowe and Véronique D. Morinville
22 Acute Pancreatitis Associated with Metabolic, Infections and Drug- Related Diseases 199
Ali A. Aghdassi, Mats L. Wiese, Quang Trung Tran, and Markus M. Lerch
23 Radiologic Diagnosis and Staging of Severe Acute Pancreatitis 208
Yoshihisa Tsuji
24 Conservative Therapy of Acute Pancreatitis: Volume Substitution and Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition 222
Steven M. Hadley, Jr. and Timothy B. Gardner
25 ICU Treatment of Severe Acute Pancreatitis 230
Scott R. Gunn and David C. Whitcomb
26 Clinical Course and Medical Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis - Use of Antibiotics in Severe Acute Pancreatitis: Indications and Limitations 238
Rainer Isenmann and Mathias Wittau
27 Indications for Interventional and Surgical Treatment of Necrotizing Pancreatitis 244
Lily V. Saadat and Thomas E. Clancy
28 Management of Infected Necrosis: Step- Up Approach 254
Hester C. Timmerhuis, Marc G. Besselink, and Hjalmar C. van Santvoort
29 Management of Infected Pancreatic Necroses: An Endoscopic Approach 260
Todd H. Baron
30 Minimally Invasive Debridement and Lavage of Necrotizing Pancreatitis 266
Kulbir Mann and Michael G.T. Raraty
31 Open Surgical Debridement of Necrotizing Pancreatitis: Late Postoperative Morbidity and Outcome 271
Dongya Huang, Zipeng Lu, and Yi Miao
32 Endoscopic Treatment of Acute Biliary Pancreatitis 278
Ichiro Yasuda, Tsuyoshi Mukai, and Toru Ito
33 Strategies for the Treatment of Pancreatic Pseudocysts and Walled- Off Necrosis After Acute Pancreatitis: Interventional Endoscopic Approaches 284
Georg Beyer and Julia Mayerle
34 Pseudocysts and Walled- Off Necrosis After Acute Pancreatitis: Surgical Approach 288
Naohiro Sata, Masaru Koizumi, and Alan Kawarai Lefor
35 Management of Fluid Collection in Acute Pancreatitis 294
Georg Beyer, Simon Sirtl, Christoph Ammer- Herrmenau, and Albrecht Neesse
36 Management of Pancreatic Fistula in Acute Pancreatitis 300
Marta Sandini, Thilo Hackert, and Markus W. Büchler
37 Long- Term Outcome After Acute Pancreatitis 306
Christin Tjaden and Thilo Hackert
Section 4 Chronic Pancreatitis 315
38 Definition and Classification of Chronic Pancreatitis 317
David C. Whitcomb
39 Molecular Understanding of Chronic Pancreatitis 326
Bomi Lee, Monique T. Barakat, and Sohail Z. Husain
40 Natural History of Recurrent Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis 334
Rohit Das, Jorge D. Machicado, and Dhiraj Yadav
41 Pediatric Recurrent Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis: Role of Pancreas Divisum 344
Jiri Snajdauf, Michal Rygl, Barbora Kucerova, and Natalia Newland
42 Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis of Chronic Pancreatitis 349
Georg Beyer, Markus M. Lerch, and Julia Mayerle
43 Abdominal Imaging for the Diagnosis of Chronic Pancreatitis 357
Atsushi Irisawa and Akira Yamamiya
44 Endoscopic Ultrasound for Diagnosis of Chronic Pancreatitis Versus Pancreatic Cancer 366
J. Enrique Domínguez- Muñoz, Julio Iglesias- García, José Lariño- Noia, and Daniel de la Iglesia- García
45 Hereditary Pancreatitis and Complex Genetic Causes 375
Celeste Shelton Ohlsen and David C. Whitcomb
46 Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Tropical Chronic Pancreatitis 383
Shailesh V. Shrikhande and Savio G. Barreto
47 CFTR- Associated Pancreatic Disease 390
Chee Y. Ooi and Aliye Uc
48 Alcohol and Smoking in Chronic Pancreatitis 396
Atsushi Masamune, Kazuhiro Kikuta, and Kiyoshi Kume
49 Idiopathic and Rare Causes of Chronic Pancreatitis 404
Morihisa Hirota and Tooru Shimosegawa
50 Early Chronic Pancreatitis 412
Kazuhiro Kikuta and Atsushi Masamune
51 Chronic Pancreatitis with Inflammatory Mass in the Pancreatic Head 418
Ulrich F. Wellner, Kim C. Honselmann, and Tobias Keck
52 Structural Complications: Strictures, Stones, Pseudocysts, and Vascular Complications 424
Xiaodong Tian, Xiaochao Guo, and Yinmo Yang
53 Nutritional Evaluation and Support: An Overview 430
Sinead N. Duggan and Stephen J. O’Keefe
54 Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency 436
Chris E. Forsmark
55 Bone Disease in Chronic Pancreatitis 442
Sinead N. Duggan
56 Diabetes from Exocrine Pancreatic Disease 445
Nao Fujimori, Tetsuhide Ito, and Yoshihiro Ogawa
57 Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Chronic Pancreatitis 451
Soumya Jagannath Mahapatra and Pramod Kumar Garg
58 Pain Mechanisms in Chronic Pancreatitis 460
Pierluigi Di Sebastiano, Fabio Francesco di Mola, Tommaso Grottola, and Rossana Percario
59 Pain Management in Chronic Pancreatitis 467
Louise Kuhlmann, Søren S. Olesen, and Asbjørn M. Drewes
60 Adjunctive Therapy in Chronic Pancreatitis 474
Anna Evans Phillips
61 Pancreatic Cancer Risks in Chronic Pancreatitis 480
Patrick Maisonneuve and Albert B. Lowenfels
62 Evidence of Endoscopic and Interventional Treatment of Chronic Pancreatitis and Pseudocysts 486
Jörg Schirra, Simon Sirtl MD, Markus M. Lerch, and Julia Mayerle
63 Major Pancreatic Resection for Chronic Pancreatitis: Indication, Goals, and Limitations 496
Faik G. Uzunoglu and Jakob R. Izbicki
64 Pancreatic Drainage Procedures: Techniques and Results 501
Ulrich F. Wellner, Dirk Bausch, and Tobias Keck
65 Duodenum- Preserving Pancreatic Head Resections for Chronic Pancreatitis: Techniques and Results 506
Hans G. Beger, Bertram Poch, Yang Yinmo, and Waldemar Uhl
66 Total Pancreatectomy with Islet Autotransplant 515
Greg Beilman, Zachary Bergman, and Melena Bellin
67 Minimally Invasive Surgical Management of Chronic Pancreatitis 523
Gilbert Z. Murimwa, Herbert J. Zeh III, and Matthew R. Porembka
Section 5 Autoimmune Pancreatitis 533
68 Epidemiology of Autoimmune Pancreatitis 535
Terumi Kamisawa
69 Molecular Immunology and Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Pancreatitis 540
Yoh Zen
70 Clinical Manifestation of Type 1 Autoimmune Pancreatitis 546
Tooru Shimosegawa
71 Clinical Manifestation of Type 2 Autoimmune Pancreatitis 554
Nicolò de Pretis and Luca Frulloni
72 Clinical Diagnostic Criteria for Autoimmune Pancreatitis 561
Tooru Shimosegawa
73 Laboratory Diagnosis of Autoimmune Pancreatitis 568
J- Matthias Löhr and Miroslav Vujasinovic
74 What is the Evidence Measuring Immune Markers 573
Shigeyuki Kawa, Takayuki Watanabe, and Norihiro Ashihara
75 Autoimmune Pancreatitis and IgG4- Related Disease 579
Kazuichi Okazaki, Tsukasa Ikeura, and Kazushige Uchida
76 Imaging Diagnosis of Autoimmune Pancreatitis 595
Kazuichi Okazaki, Makoto Takaoka, Tsukasa Ikeura, and Kazushige Uchida
77 Medical Management of Autoimmune Pancreatitis 600
Shounak Majumder and Suresh T. Chari
78 Management of Intractable Autoimmune Pancreatitis 605
Shounak Majumder and Suresh T. Chari
79 Long- Term Outcome After Treatment of Autoimmune Pancreatitis 609
Luca Frulloni and Nicolò de Pretis
Section 6 Neoplastic Tumors of the Exocrine Tissue: Benign Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreas 615
80 Epidemiology of Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreas 617
Shounak Majumder and Suresh T. Chari
81 Histologic Classification and Staging of Cystic Neoplasms 623
Noriyoshi Fukushima and Giuseppe Zamboni
82 Molecular Mechanisms of Cystic Neoplasia- 630
Nickolas Papadopoulos and Ralph H. Hruban
83 Clinical Presentation of Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms 638
Masao Tanaka
84 Evaluation of Cystic Lesions Using EUS, MRI, and CT 642
Anne Marie Lennon and Atif Zaheer
85 Cytologic Evaluation of Cystic Neoplasms: The Role of Liquid Biopsy 652
Abdulwahab Ewaz and Michelle D. Reid
86 Natural History of Cystic Neoplasms: IPMN, MCN, SCN, and SPN 666
Rosa Klotz, Thilo Hackert, and Markus W. Büchler
87 Surveillance or Surgical Treatment in Asymptomatic Cystic Neoplasm 674
Klaus Sahora and Carlos Fernández- del Castillo
88 Artificial Intelligence in the Detection and Surveillance of Cystic Neoplasms 680
Linda C. Chu and Elliot K. Fishman
89 Oncologic Resection of IPMN and MCN: Open Approach―Results 688
Marco Del Chiaro, Michael J. Kirsch, and Richard D. Schulick
90 Surgical Treatment of Cystic Neoplasms: Laparoscopic and Robotic Approach - Results 693
Benedict Kinny- Köster, Christopher L. Wolfgang, Markus W. Büchler, and Thilo Hackert
91 Robotic- assisted Resection of Cystic Neoplasms 700
Kimberly Kopecky and Jin He
92 Duodenum- preserving Pancreatic Head Resection for Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreatic Head: Indications and Limitations 709
Hans G. Beger and Bertram Poch
93 Pancreatic Middle Segment Resection of Cystic Neoplasms: Indications and Limitations 715
Calogero Iacono and Mario De Bellis
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94 Tumor Enucleation for Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreas: Indications and Limitations 723
Rachel C. Kim, C. Max Schmidt, and Henry A. Pitt
95 Duodenum- preserving Pancreatic Head Resection and Local Extirpation of SPTP in Children and Adolescents: Indications and long- term results 732
Jiri Snajdauf, Michal Rygl, Barbora Kucerova, and Natalia Newland
96 Management of Recurrence of Cystic Neoplasms 737
Anna Nießen, Christopher L. Wolfgang, Thilo Hackert, and Markus W. Büchler
97 Long- term Outcome after Observation and Surgical Treatment of Cystic Neoplasms: What is the Evidence? 744
Roberto Salvia, Giovanni Marchegiani, Giampaolo Perri, and Claudio Bassi
Section 7 Neoplastic Tumors of the Endocrine Pancreas: Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas 751
98 Epidemiology and Classification of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas 753
J.J. Mukherjee, K.O. Lee, and Gregory Kaltsas
99 Pathology of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms 763
Atsuko Kasajima and Hironobu Sasano
100 Molecular Genetics of Neuroendocrine Tumors 771
Nickolas Papadopoulos and Ralph H. Hruban
101 What is the Origin of Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors? 781
Aurel Perren, Iacovos P. Michael, and Ilaria Marinoni
102 Clinical Manifestation of Endocrine Tumors of the Pancreas 791
Tetsuhide Ito, Keijiro Ueda, Nao Fujimori, and Robert T. Jensen
103 Evidence of Hormonal, Laboratory, Biochemical, and Instrumental Diagnostics of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas 799
K.O. Lee, Gregory Kaltsas, and J.J. Mukherjee
104 Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in Multiple Neoplasia Syndromes 808
Anja Rinke and Thomas Matthias Gress
105 Nonfunctioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Diagnosis and Management Principles 815
Takao Ohtsuka, Yuto Hozaka, and Hiroshi Kurahara
106 Medical and Nucleotide Treatment of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas 820
Marina Tsoli and Gregory Kaltsas
107 Interventional Radiology in the Treatment of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors 829
Tetsuya Idichi, Hiroshi Kurahara, and Takao Ohtsuka
108 Enucleation of Benign, Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas 833
Frank Weber, Andreas Machens, and Henning Dralle
109 Duodenum- Preserving Pancreatic Head Resection or Local Extirpation of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas Larger than 2 cm 841
Takashi Hatori
110 Individualized Surgery for Nonfunctional Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (NF- pNET) < 2 cm: Indication, Surgical Principles, and Long- term Outcome 849
Charles de Ponthaud, Julien de Martino, and Sébastien Gaujoux
111 Surgical Treatment of Endocrine Tumors: Major Oncologic Resection 857
Frank Weber, Andreas Machens, and Henning Dralle
112 The Management of Insulinoma 865
Keijiro Ueda, Nao Fujimori, Robert T. Jensen, and Tetsuhide Ito
113 Evidence of Medical and Surgical Treatment of Gastrinoma 872
Ryuichiro Doi
114 Rare Neuroendocrine Tumors of Pancreas: Management and Evidence of Surgical Treatment 876
Ryuichiro Doi
115 Treatment of Neuroendocrine Neoplasia of the Pancreas and Biliary Tract 882
Andrea Frilling, Ashley K. Clift, and Vito Cicinnati
116 Survival after Treatment of Endocrine Tumors 891
Zhe Cao and Taiping Zhang
Section 8 Neoplastic Tumors of Exocrine Tissue: Pancreatic Cancer 897
117 Epidemiology of Pancreatic Cancer 899
Evelina Mocci and Alison P. Klein
118 Smoking, a Risk for Pancreatic Cancer: Experimental and Clinical Data 905
Uwe A. Wittel, Bradley R. Hall, and Surinder K. Batra
119 Molecular Understanding of the Development of Ductal Pancreatic Cancer 912
Jae W. Lee, Ralph H. Hruban, and Laura D. Wood
120 From Tissue Turnover to the Cell of Origin of Pancreatic Cancer: An Updated View 921
Bo Kong, Eva Thoma, and Christoph W. Michalski
121 Microbiome of Pancreatic Cancer: Involvement in Cancer Development and Chemo- /Immunotherapy 928
Xianjun Yu
122 Molecular Subtypes and Clinical Applications 934
Maarten F. Bijlsma and Peter Bailey
123 Tumor Microenvironment: Immune Cells and Immunosuppressive Functions of Carcinoma- associated Fibroblasts and Macrophages 942
Tony Pang, Zhihong Xu, Chamini Perera, and Minoti V. Apte
124 Familial Pancreatic Cancer 951
Alison P. Klein
125 Pathology of Exocrine Pancreatic Tumors 957
Meredith E. Pittman and Ralph H. Hruban
126 Pancreatic Cancer: Precancerous Lesions 969
Michael J. Pflüger, Michaël Noë, and Lodewijk A.A. Brosens
127 Clinical History and Risk Factors of Pancreatic Cancer 982
Norbert Hüser, Volker Aßfalg, and Helmut Friess
128 The Role of Endoscopic Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Neoplastic Lesions 989
Yoshiki Hirooka, Senju Hashimoto, and Eizaburo Ohno
129 Radiologic Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer: CT, MRI 997
Hannah S. Recht and Elliot K. Fishman
130 Screening of Hereditary Pancreatic Cancer 1012
Michael Goggins
131 The Role of PET in Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer and Cancer Recurrence 1021
Norbert Hüser, Volker Aßfalg, Isabel Rauscher, and Helmut Friess
132 Tumor Markers in Pancreatic Malignancies 1028
Shin Hamada and Atsushi Masamune
133 The Role of Laparoscopy and Peritoneal Cytology in the Management of Pancreatic Cancer 1033
Yosuke Kasai, Kyoichi Takaori, and Etsuro Hatano
134 Clinical Assessment and Staging of Advanced Pancreatic Cancer 1037
James M. Lindberg, Giles F. Whalen, and Jennifer LaFemina
135 Pancreatic Cancer: Indications for Resection 1047
Akimasa Nakao and Suguru Yamada
136 Pancreatoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Cancer: Short- and Long- term Outcome after Kausch- Whipple and Pylorus- preserving Pancreatoduodenectomy 1055
Benedict Kinny- Köster, John L. Cameron, and Jin He
137 Left Pancreatectomy for Body and Tail Cancer 1063
Jony van Hilst, Mohammad Abu Hilal, and Marc G Besselink
138 Total Pancreatectomy: Indications and Limitations 1071
Seiko Hirono and Hiroki Yamaue
139 Minimally Invasive Resection for Pancreatic Cancer 1078
Patricio M. Polanco, Imad Radi, and Herbert J. Zeh iii
140 Robotic Resection for Pancreatic Cancer 1093
Renyi Qin
141 Extended Radical Surgery for Pancreatic Cancer 1099
Thilo Hackert, Anna Nießen, and Markus W. Büchler
142 Palliative Pancreatic Resection: Is It Justified? 1108
Kira C. Steinkraus, Max Heckler, Christoph W. Michalski, and Felix J. Hüttner
143 Outcome of Patients after R0 Resection for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Combined with Hepatic Metastasectomy: Indications and Limitations 1113
Tingbo Liang
144 Bypass Surgery for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer 1117
Eva Thoma, Thilo Hackert, Christoph W. Michalski, and Felix J. Hüttner
145 Endoscopic and Interventional Palliation of Pancreatic Cancer 1122
Kazumasa Nagai and Takao Itoi
146 Neoadjuvant Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer: Evidence for Treatment Effect 1131
Robert A. Wolff
147 Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Does the Addition of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Lead to a Significant Survival Improvement after R0 Resection? 1141
Marco Del Chiaro, Michael J. Kirsch, and Richard D. Schulick
148 Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer: First Line and Second Line Treatment - Benefits of Survival 1143
Kulbir Mann, Robert P. Jones, Paula Ghaneh, and John P. Neoptolemos
149 Role of Radiation Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer 1153
Baho U. Sidiqi, Abhinav V. Reddy, Joseph M. Herman, and Amol K. Narang
150 Immunotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer: Checkpoint Blockade and Vaccine Therapy 1164
Arsen Osipov, Adrian G. Murphy, and Lei Zheng
151 Targeted Therapies for Pancreatic Cancer 1180
Anirban Maitra
152 Precision Cancer Medicine 1188
Grace Oh, Surajit Dhara, and Diane Simeone
153 Palliative Chemotherapy for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Treatment Modalities, Side- effects, and Benefits of Survival 1196
Christoph Springfeld and Thomas Seufferlein
154 Management of Pain in Pancreatic Cancer 1201
Annie W. Hsu, Ayodeji Omosule, and Michael Erdek
155 Management of Cancer Recurrence 1208
Oliver Strobel, Martin Loos, and Markus W. Büchler
156 Survival and Late Morbidity after Resection of Pancreatic Cancer 1218
Avinoam Nevler and Charles J. Yeo
Section 9 Periampullary Cancers and Tumors Other Than Pancreatic Cancer 1233
157 Periampullary Tumors: Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic Strategies 1235
Jon M. Harrison and Keith D. Lillemoe
158 Histology and Genetics of Cancer of the Papilla, Distal Common Bile Duct, and Duodenum 1242
Yue Xue, Michelle D. Reid, and Volkan Adsay
159 Adenoma and Adenocarcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater: Diagnosis and Management 1254
Sahin Coban, Omer Basar, and William R. Brugge
160 Endoscopic Treatment of Adenomas of the Ampulla of Vater: Techniques, Results, Benefits, and Limitations 1264
Natsuyo Yamamoto and Hiroyuki Isayama
161 Surgical Treatment of Papillary and Ampullary Tumors: Management and Long- term Results 1272
Norbert Hüser, Volker Aßfalg, and Helmut Friess
162 Surgical Treatment of Duodenal Cancer 1281
Fuyuhiko Motoi
163 Surgical Treatment of Distal Cholangiocarcinoma 1284
Shunsuke Onoe, Yukihiro Yokoyama, and Tomoki Ebata
164 Adjuvant and Palliative Chemotherapy of Periampullary Cancers 1291
Arachchige D.N.R. Ponweera, Paula Ghaneh, and John P. Neoptolemos
165 Long- term Survival After Resection of Periampullary Cancer 1299
Hideyuki Yoshitomi, Masayuki Ohtsuka, and Masaru Miyazaki
Section 10 Transplantation of the Pancreas 1309
166 Transplantation of Pancreatic Islets 1311
Joseph Sushil Rao, Melena D. Bellin, and Bernhard J. Hering
167 Transplantation of the Pancreas 1323
Rainer W.G. Gruessner and Angelika C. Gruessner
Index 1333
