+353-1-416-8900REST OF WORLD
+44-20-3973-8888REST OF WORLD
1-917-300-0470EAST COAST U.S
1-800-526-8630U.S. (TOLL FREE)

Thermoformer Global Market Insights 2023, Analysis and Forecast to 2028, by Manufacturers, Regions, Technology, Application, Product Type

  • PDF Icon

    Report

  • 105 Pages
  • September 2023
  • Region: Global
  • Prof Research
  • ID: 5878416
Description Jump to:

Quick Summary:

In an increasingly dynamic and competitive market, staying equipped with precise, credible, and up-to-date data becomes crucial for strategic decision-making. Our meticulously detailed report on the global Thermoformer market fills that gap, providing crucial insights that drive continuous growth and establish a competitive edge. From the market's current size, key players, and market forecast, to the SWOT analysis of competitors - a wealth of indispensable information lies within this report for senior business executives.

Covering regions from North America to MEA and mapping out leading markets such as the United States, China, and Germany, gain panoramic insights into regional supply, demand, and major players. Dive deep into application sectors ranging from food and beverages to consumer goods. Such inclusive market research helps delineate strategies, identify emerging opportunities and mitigate risks, enabling tailored strategic planning and execution. Emphasizing both types and applications of Thermoformer, this comprehensive resource provides a lucid understanding of the market landscape that ultimately promotes informed business decisions.

This report describes the global market size of Thermoformer from 2018 to 2022 and its CAGR from 2018 to 2022, and also forecasts its market size to the end of 2028 and its CAGR from 2023 to 2028.

For the geography segment, regional supply, demand, major players, price is presented from 2018 to 2028.

This report covers the following regions:

  • North America
  • South America
  • Asia & Pacific
  • Europe
  • MEA
The key countries for each region are also included such as the United States, China, Japan, India, Korea, ASEAN, Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain, CIS, and Brazil etc.

For the competitor segment, the report includes global key players of Thermoformer as well as some small players.

The information for each competitor includes:

  • Company Profile
  • Main Business Information
  • SWOT Analysis
  • Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin
  • Market Share

Applications Segment:

  • Food and Beverage
  • Medicine and Pharmaceutical
  • Consumer Goods
  • Electrical and Electronic
  • Others

Types Segment:

  • Manual
  • Semi-Automatic
  • Fully Automatic

Companies Covered:

  • QS Group
  • GN Thermoforming Equipment
  • WM Thermoforming Machines
  • COMI SpA
  • CMS Industries
  • ILLIG Maschinenbau
  • MULTIVAC
  • Kiefel
  • Asano Laboratories
  • Frimo
Base Year: 2023
Historical Data: from 2018 to 2022
Forecast Data: from 2023 to 2028


This product will be delivered within 1-3 business days.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Executive SummaryChapter 2 Abbreviation and Acronyms
Chapter 3 Preface
3.1 Research Scope
3.2 Research Sources
3.2.1 Data Sources
3.2.2 Assumptions
3.3 Research Method
Chapter 4 Market Landscape
4.1 Market Overview
4.2 Classification/Types
4.3 Application/End Users
Chapter 5 Market Trend Analysis
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Drivers
5.3 Restraints
5.4 Opportunities
5.5 Threats
5.6 Covid-19 Impact
Chapter 6 Industry Chain Analysis
6.1 Upstream/Suppliers Analysis
6.2 Thermoformer Analysis
6.2.1 Technology Analysis
6.2.2 Cost Analysis
6.2.3 Market Channel Analysis
6.3 Downstream Buyers/End Users
Chapter 7 Latest Market Dynamics
7.1 Latest News
7.2 Merger and Acquisition
7.3 Planned/Future Project
7.4 Policy Dynamics
Chapter 8 Trading Analysis
8.1 Export of Thermoformer by Region
8.2 Import of Thermoformer by Region
8.3 Balance of Trade
Chapter 9 Historical and Forecast Thermoformer Market in North America (2018-2028)
9.1 Thermoformer Market Size
9.2 Thermoformer Demand by End Use
9.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
9.4 Type Segmentation and Price
9.5 Key Countries Analysis
9.5.1 United States
9.5.2 Canada
9.5.3 Mexico
Chapter 10 Historical and Forecast Thermoformer Market in South America (2018-2028)
10.1 Thermoformer Market Size
10.2 Thermoformer Demand by End Use
10.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
10.4 Type Segmentation and Price
10.5 Key Countries Analysis
10.5.1 Brazil
10.5.2 Argentina
10.5.3 Chile
10.5.4 Peru
Chapter 11 Historical and Forecast Thermoformer Market in Asia & Pacific (2018-2028)
11.1 Thermoformer Market Size
11.2 Thermoformer Demand by End Use
11.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
11.4 Type Segmentation and Price
11.5 Key Countries Analysis
11.5.1 China
11.5.2 India
11.5.3 Japan
11.5.4 South Korea
11.5.5 Southeast Asia
11.5.6 Australia
Chapter 12 Historical and Forecast Thermoformer Market in Europe (2018-2028)
12.1 Thermoformer Market Size
12.2 Thermoformer Demand by End Use
12.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
12.4 Type Segmentation and Price
12.5 Key Countries Analysis
12.5.1 Germany
12.5.2 France
12.5.3 United Kingdom
12.5.4 Italy
12.5.5 Spain
12.5.6 Belgium
12.5.7 Netherlands
12.5.8 Austria
12.5.9 Poland
12.5.10 Russia
Chapter 13 Historical and Forecast Thermoformer Market in MEA (2018-2028)
13.1 Thermoformer Market Size
13.2 Thermoformer Demand by End Use
13.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
13.4 Type Segmentation and Price
13.5 Key Countries Analysis
13.5.1 Egypt
13.5.2 Israel
13.5.3 South Africa
13.5.4 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries
13.5.5 Turkey
Chapter 14 Summary For Global Thermoformer Market (2018-2023)
14.1 Thermoformer Market Size
14.2 Thermoformer Demand by End Use
14.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
14.4 Type Segmentation and Price
Chapter 15 Global Thermoformer Market Forecast (2023-2028)
15.1 Thermoformer Market Size Forecast
15.2 Thermoformer Demand Forecast
15.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
15.4 Type Segmentation and Price Forecast
Chapter 16 Analysis of Global Key Vendors
16.1 QS Group
16.1.1 Company Profile
16.1.2 Main Business and Thermoformer Information
16.1.3 SWOT Analysis of QS Group
16.1.4 QS Group Thermoformer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.2 GN Thermoforming Equipment
16.2.1 Company Profile
16.2.2 Main Business and Thermoformer Information
16.2.3 SWOT Analysis of GN Thermoforming Equipment
16.2.4 GN Thermoforming Equipment Thermoformer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.3 WM Thermoforming Machines
16.3.1 Company Profile
16.3.2 Main Business and Thermoformer Information
16.3.3 SWOT Analysis of WM Thermoforming Machines
16.3.4 WM Thermoforming Machines Thermoformer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.4 COMI SpA
16.4.1 Company Profile
16.4.2 Main Business and Thermoformer Information
16.4.3 SWOT Analysis of COMI SpA
16.4.4 COMI SpA Thermoformer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.5 CMS Industries
16.5.1 Company Profile
16.5.2 Main Business and Thermoformer Information
16.5.3 SWOT Analysis of CMS Industries
16.5.4 CMS Industries Thermoformer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.6 ILLIG Maschinenbau
16.6.1 Company Profile
16.6.2 Main Business and Thermoformer Information
16.6.3 SWOT Analysis of ILLIG Maschinenbau
16.6.4 ILLIG Maschinenbau Thermoformer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.7 MULTIVAC
16.7.1 Company Profile
16.7.2 Main Business and Thermoformer Information
16.7.3 SWOT Analysis of MULTIVAC
16.7.4 MULTIVAC Thermoformer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.8 Kiefel
16.8.1 Company Profile
16.8.2 Main Business and Thermoformer Information
16.8.3 SWOT Analysis of Kiefel
16.8.4 Kiefel Thermoformer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.9 Asano Laboratories
16.9.1 Company Profile
16.9.2 Main Business and Thermoformer Information
16.9.3 SWOT Analysis of Asano Laboratories
16.9.4 Asano Laboratories Thermoformer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
16.10 Frimo
16.10.1 Company Profile
16.10.2 Main Business and Thermoformer Information
16.10.3 SWOT Analysis of Frimo
16.10.4 Frimo Thermoformer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Tables and Figures
Table Abbreviation and Acronyms List
Table Research Scope of Thermoformer Report
Table Data Sources of Thermoformer Report
Table Major Assumptions of Thermoformer Report
Figure Market Size Estimated Method
Figure Major Forecasting Factors
Figure Thermoformer Picture
Table Thermoformer Classification
Table Thermoformer Applications List
Table Drivers of Thermoformer Market
Table Restraints of Thermoformer Market
Table Opportunities of Thermoformer Market
Table Threats of Thermoformer Market
Table Covid-19 Impact For Thermoformer Market
Table Raw Materials Suppliers List
Table Different Production Methods of Thermoformer
Table Cost Structure Analysis of Thermoformer
Table Key End Users List
Table Latest News of Thermoformer Market
Table Merger and Acquisition List
Table Planned/Future Project of Thermoformer Market
Table Policy of Thermoformer Market
Table 2018-2028 Regional Export of Thermoformer
Table 2018-2028 Regional Import of Thermoformer
Table 2018-2028 Regional Trade Balance
Figure 2018-2028 Regional Trade Balance
Table 2018-2028 North America Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2018-2028 North America Thermoformer Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2018-2028 North America Thermoformer Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2018-2028 North America Thermoformer Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 North America Thermoformer Key Players Sales List
Table 2018-2023 North America Thermoformer Key Players Market Share List
Table 2018-2028 North America Thermoformer Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 North America Thermoformer Price List by Type
Table 2018-2028 United States Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 United States Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Canada Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Canada Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Mexico Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Mexico Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 South America Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2018-2028 South America Thermoformer Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2018-2028 South America Thermoformer Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2018-2028 South America Thermoformer Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 South America Thermoformer Key Players Sales List
Table 2018-2023 South America Thermoformer Key Players Market Share List
Table 2018-2028 South America Thermoformer Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 South America Thermoformer Price List by Type
Table 2018-2028 Brazil Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Brazil Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Argentina Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Argentina Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Chile Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Chile Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Peru Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Peru Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Asia & Pacific Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2018-2028 Asia & Pacific Thermoformer Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2018-2028 Asia & Pacific Thermoformer Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2018-2028 Asia & Pacific Thermoformer Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 Asia & Pacific Thermoformer Key Players Sales List
Table 2018-2023 Asia & Pacific Thermoformer Key Players Market Share List
Table 2018-2028 Asia & Pacific Thermoformer Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 Asia & Pacific Thermoformer Price List by Type
Table 2018-2028 China Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 China Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 India Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 India Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Japan Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Japan Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 South Korea Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 South Korea Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Southeast Asia Thermoformer Market Size List
Table 2018-2028 Southeast Asia Thermoformer Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Southeast Asia Thermoformer Import List
Table 2018-2028 Southeast Asia Thermoformer Export List
Table 2018-2028 Australia Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Australia Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Europe Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2018-2028 Europe Thermoformer Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2018-2028 Europe Thermoformer Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2018-2028 Europe Thermoformer Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 Europe Thermoformer Key Players Sales List
Table 2018-2023 Europe Thermoformer Key Players Market Share List
Table 2018-2028 Europe Thermoformer Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 Europe Thermoformer Price List by Type
Table 2018-2028 Germany Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Germany Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 France Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 France Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 United Kingdom Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 United Kingdom Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Italy Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Italy Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Spain Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Spain Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Belgium Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Belgium Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Netherlands Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Netherlands Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Austria Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Austria Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Poland Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Poland Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Russia Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Russia Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 MEA Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Figure 2018-2028 MEA Thermoformer Market Size and CAGR
Figure 2018-2028 MEA Thermoformer Market Volume and CAGR
Table 2018-2028 MEA Thermoformer Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 MEA Thermoformer Key Players Sales List
Table 2018-2023 MEA Thermoformer Key Players Market Share List
Table 2018-2028 MEA Thermoformer Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 MEA Thermoformer Price List by Type
Table 2018-2028 Egypt Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Egypt Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Israel Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Israel Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 South Africa Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 South Africa Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Gulf Cooperation Council Countries Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2028 Turkey Thermoformer Market Size and Market Volume List
Table 2018-2028 Turkey Thermoformer Import & Export List
Table 2018-2023 Global Thermoformer Market Size List by Region
Table 2018-2023 Global Thermoformer Market Size Share List by Region
Table 2018-2023 Global Thermoformer Market Volume List by Region
Table 2018-2023 Global Thermoformer Market Volume Share List by Region
Table 2018-2023 Global Thermoformer Demand List by Application
Table 2018-2023 Global Thermoformer Demand Market Share List by Application
Table 2018-2023 Global Thermoformer Key Vendors Sales List
Table 2018-2023 Global Thermoformer Key Vendors Sales Share List
Figure 2018-2023 Global Thermoformer Market Volume and Growth Rate
Table 2018-2023 Global Thermoformer Key Vendors Revenue List
Figure 2018-2023 Global Thermoformer Market Size and Growth Rate
Table 2018-2023 Global Thermoformer Key Vendors Revenue Share List
Table 2018-2023 Global Thermoformer Demand List by Type
Table 2018-2023 Global Thermoformer Demand Market Share List by Type
Table 2018-2023 Regional Thermoformer Price List
Table 2023-2028 Global Thermoformer Market Size List by Region
Table 2023-2028 Global Thermoformer Market Size Share List by Region
Table 2023-2028 Global Thermoformer Market Volume List by Region
Table 2023-2028 Global Thermoformer Market Volume Share List by Region
Table 2023-2028 Global Thermoformer Demand List by Application
Table 2023-2028 Global Thermoformer Demand Market Share List by Application
Table 2023-2028 Global Thermoformer Key Vendors Sales List
Table 2023-2028 Global Thermoformer Key Vendors Sales Share List
Figure 2023-2028 Global Thermoformer Market Volume and Growth Rate
Table 2023-2028 Global Thermoformer Key Vendors Revenue List
Figure 2023-2028 Global Thermoformer Market Size and Growth Rate
Table 2023-2028 Global Thermoformer Key Vendors Revenue Share List
Table 2023-2028 Global Thermoformer Demand List by Type
Table 2023-2028 Global Thermoformer Demand Market Share List by Type
Table 2023-2028 Thermoformer Regional Price List
Table QS Group Information
Table SWOT Analysis of QS Group
Table 2018-2023 QS Group Thermoformer Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 QS Group Thermoformer Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 QS Group Thermoformer Market Share
Table GN Thermoforming Equipment Information
Table SWOT Analysis of GN Thermoforming Equipment
Table 2018-2023 GN Thermoforming Equipment Thermoformer Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 GN Thermoforming Equipment Thermoformer Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 GN Thermoforming Equipment Thermoformer Market Share
Table WM Thermoforming Machines Information
Table SWOT Analysis of WM Thermoforming Machines
Table 2018-2023 WM Thermoforming Machines Thermoformer Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 WM Thermoforming Machines Thermoformer Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 WM Thermoforming Machines Thermoformer Market Share
Table COMI SpA Information
Table SWOT Analysis of COMI SpA
Table 2018-2023 COMI SpA Thermoformer Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 COMI SpA Thermoformer Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 COMI SpA Thermoformer Market Share
Table CMS Industries Information
Table SWOT Analysis of CMS Industries
Table 2018-2023 CMS Industries Thermoformer Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 CMS Industries Thermoformer Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 CMS Industries Thermoformer Market Share
Table ILLIG Maschinenbau Information
Table SWOT Analysis of ILLIG Maschinenbau
Table 2018-2023 ILLIG Maschinenbau Thermoformer Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 ILLIG Maschinenbau Thermoformer Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 ILLIG Maschinenbau Thermoformer Market Share
Table MULTIVAC Information
Table SWOT Analysis of MULTIVAC
Table 2018-2023 MULTIVAC Thermoformer Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 MULTIVAC Thermoformer Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 MULTIVAC Thermoformer Market Share
Table Kiefel Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Kiefel
Table 2018-2023 Kiefel Thermoformer Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Kiefel Thermoformer Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Kiefel Thermoformer Market Share
Table Asano Laboratories Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Asano Laboratories
Table 2018-2023 Asano Laboratories Thermoformer Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Asano Laboratories Thermoformer Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Asano Laboratories Thermoformer Market Share
Table Frimo Information
Table SWOT Analysis of Frimo
Table 2018-2023 Frimo Thermoformer Sale Volume Price Cost Revenue
Figure 2018-2023 Frimo Thermoformer Sale Volume and Growth Rate
Figure 2018-2023 Frimo Thermoformer Market Share

Companies Mentioned (Partial List)

A selection of companies mentioned in this report includes, but is not limited to:

  • QS Group
  • GN Thermoforming Equipment
  • WM Thermoforming Machines
  • COMI SpA
  • CMS Industries
  • ILLIG Maschinenbau
  • MULTIVAC
  • Kiefel
  • Asano Laboratories
  • Frimo

Methodology

Loading
LOADING...

Related Topics

Related Reports

Thermoforming Plastic Global Market Report 2024 - Product Image

Thermoforming Plastic Global Market Report 2024

  • Report
  • 200 Pages
  • Global
From
Plastic Granulator Global Market Insights 2023, Analysis and Forecast to 2028, by Manufacturers, Regions, Technology, Product Type - Product Image

Plastic Granulator Global Market Insights 2023, Analysis and Forecast to 2028, by Manufacturers, Regions, Technology, Product Type

  • Report
  • 108 Pages
  • Global
From
Global Thermoforming Plastic Market by Product Type (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, Biodegradable Polymers, Polyethylene), Material (Aluminum, Paper & Paperboard, Plastic), Thermoforming Type, Application - Forecast 2024-2030 - Product Image

Global Thermoforming Plastic Market by Product Type (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, Biodegradable Polymers, Polyethylene), Material (Aluminum, Paper & Paperboard, Plastic), Thermoforming Type, Application - Forecast 2024-2030

  • Report
  • 197 Pages
  • Global
From
Global Thermoformed Plastics Market by Plastic (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, Biodegradable Polymers, Polyethylene), Thermoforming (Plug Assist Forming, Thick Gauge Thermoforming, Thin Gauge Thermoforming), Application - Forecast 2024-2030 - Product Image

Global Thermoformed Plastics Market by Plastic (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, Biodegradable Polymers, Polyethylene), Thermoforming (Plug Assist Forming, Thick Gauge Thermoforming, Thin Gauge Thermoforming), Application - Forecast 2024-2030

  • Report
  • 185 Pages
  • Global
From
Dental Thermoforming Blank Global Market Insights 2024, Analysis and Forecast to 2029, by Manufacturers, Regions, Technology, Product Type - Product Image

Dental Thermoforming Blank Global Market Insights 2024, Analysis and Forecast to 2029, by Manufacturers, Regions, Technology, Product Type

  • Report
  • 111 Pages
  • Global
From
Copyright © 2002-2024 Research and Markets. All Rights Reserved.