The Global Market for Sustainable Chemical Feedstocks 2027-2035

1.1 The Need for a New Era in the Chemical Industry
1.2 Defining the New Era of Chemicals
1.3 Global Drivers and Trends
1.4 The Changing Landscape of the Chemical Industry
1.5 Emerging and Transforming Markets in the New Era of Chemicals

2.1 Sustainable Feedstocks: The Foundation of the New Era
2.2 Overview of Sustainable Feedstock Options
2.3 Biomass as a Chemical Feedstock
2.4 CO2 as a Carbon Source
2.5 Waste Valorization
2.6 Renewable (Green) Hydrogen
2.7 Feedstock Transition Pathways for Industry

3.1 The 12 Principles of Green Chemistry
3.2 Atom Economy and Step Economy in Synthesis
3.3 Solvent Reduction and Green Solvents
3.4 Catalysis for Green Chemistry
3.5 Green Metrics and Life Cycle Assessment in Chemistry
3.6 Feedstock-Specific Green Chemistry Approaches

4.1 Principles of Circular Economy
4.2 Design for Circularity in Chemical Products
4.3 Chemical Recycling Technologies
4.4 Upcycling of Chemical Waste
4.5 Circular Business Models in the Chemical Sector
4.6 Challenges and Opportunities in Implementing Circularity
4.7 Companies

5.1 The Role of Renewable Electricity in Chemical Production
5.2 Electrochemical Synthesis
5.3 Plasma Chemistry
5.4 Microwave-Assisted Chemistry
5.5 Integration of Power-to-X Technologies in Chemical Production

6.1 Big Data and Advanced Analytics in Chemical Research
6.2 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Applications
6.3 Digital Twins in Chemical Plant Operations
6.4 Blockchain for Supply Chain Transparency and Traceability
6.5 Cybersecurity Challenges in the Digitalized Chemical Industry

7.1 Continuous Flow Chemistry
7.2 Modular and Distributed Manufacturing
7.3 3D Printing of Chemicals and Materials
7.4 Advanced Process Control and Real-time Monitoring
7.5 Flexible and Adaptable Production Systems

8.1 Biorefinery Concepts and Configurations
8.2 Lignocellulosic Biomass Processing
8.3 Algal Biorefineries
8.4 Upstream Processing
8.5 Fermentation
8.6 Downstream Processing
8.7 Formulation
8.8 Bioprocess Development
8.9 Analytical Methods
8.10 Scale of Production
8.11 Mode of Operation
8.12 Host Organisms

9.1 Overview
9.2 CO2 non-conversion and conversion technology
9.3 Carbon utilization business models
9.4 CO2 utilization pathways
9.5 Conversion processes
9.6 CO2-derived products
9.7 CO2 Utilization in Enhanced Oil Recovery
9.8 Enhanced mineralization

10.1 Overview of biocatalyst technology
10.2 Types of biocatalysts
10.3 Production methods and processes
10.4 Emerging technologies and innovations in biocatalysis
10.5 Companies

11.1 Metabolic engineering
11.2 Gene and DNA synthesis
11.3 Gene Synthesis and Assembly
11.4 Genome engineering
11.5 Protein/Enzyme Engineering
11.6 Synthetic genomics
11.7 Strain construction and optimization
11.8 Smart bioprocessing
11.9 Chassis organisms
11.10 Biomimetics
11.11 Sustainable materials
11.12 Robotics and automation
11.13 Bioinformatics and computational tools
11.14 Xenobiology and expanded genetic alphabets
11.15 Biosensors and bioelectronics
11.16 Feedstocks

12.1 Bio-based Solvents
12.2 Switchable Solvents
12.3 Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES)
12.4 Supercritical Fluids in Industrial Applications
12.5 Solvent-free Reactions and Mechanochemistry
12.6 Solvent Selection Tools and Frameworks
12.7 Companies

13.1 Municipal Solid Waste to Chemicals
13.2 Agricultural and Food Waste Valorization
13.3 Critical Material Extraction Technology
13.4 Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery
13.5 Mining Waste Valorization
13.6 Companies

14.1 Energy Efficiency Measures in Chemical Plants
14.2 Heat Recovery and Pinch Analysis
14.3 Renewable Energy Sources in Chemical Production
14.4 Energy Storage Technologies for Process Industries
14.5 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Systems
14.6 Industrial Symbiosis and Energy Integration

15.1 Green Chemistry Metrics and Sustainability Indicators
15.2 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in Chemical Processes
15.3 Safety by Design Principles
15.4 Risk Assessment and Management in New Chemical Technologies
15.5 Environmental Impact Assessment
15.6 Social and Ethical Considerations in the New Era of Chemicals

16.1 Global Chemical Regulations and Their Evolution
16.2 Environmental Policies Driving Sustainable Chemistry
16.3 Incentives and Support Mechanisms for Green Chemistry
16.4 Challenges in Regulating Emerging Technologies
16.5 International Cooperation and Harmonization Efforts

17.1 Sustainable Materials and Polymers
17.2 Sustainable Agriculture Chemicals
17.3 Sustainable Construction Materials
17.4 Sustainable Packaging
17.5 Green Cosmetics and Personal Care
17.6 Bio-based and Eco-Friendly Paints and Coatings
17.7 Green Electronics
17.8 Sustainable Textiles and Fibers
17.9 Alternative Fuels and Lubricants
17.10 Green Pharmaceuticals and Healthcare
17.11 Advanced Materials for 3D Printing
17.12 Artificial Intelligence in Chemical Design
17.13 Quantum Chemistry Applications

18.1 Cost Competitiveness of Sustainable Chemical Technologies
18.2 Investment Trends in Green Chemistry
18.3 New Business Models in the Circular Economy
18.4 Market Dynamics and Consumer Preferences
18.5 Intellectual Property Considerations
18.6 Case Studies

19.1 Convergence of Bio, Nano, and Information Technologies
19.2 Quantum Computing in Chemical Research and Development
19.3 Space-based Manufacturing of Chemicals
19.4 Artificial Photosynthesis and Solar Fuels
19.5 Personalized and On-demand Chemical Manufacturing
19.6 The Role of Chemistry in Achieving Net-Zero Emissions
19.7 Circular Economy Solutions
19.8 Artificial Intelligence and Digitalization Impact
19.9 Quantum Chemistry Prospects

20.1 Glossary of Terms
20.2 List of Abbreviations
20.3 Research Methodology

(470 tables)

Figure 1. CO2 emissions reduction pathway for the chemical sector.
Figure 2. Water extraction methods for natural products.
Figure 3. Circular economy model for the chemical industry.
Figure 4. Schematic layout of a pyrolysis plant.
Figure 5. Waste plastic production pathways to (A) diesel and (B) gasoline
Figure 6. Schematic for Pyrolysis of Scrap Tires.
Figure 7. Used tires conversion process.
Figure 8. Total syngas market by product in MM Nm3/h of Syngas.
Figure 9. Overview of biogas utilization.
Figure 10. Biogas and biomethane pathways.
Figure 11. Products obtained through the different solvolysis pathways of PET, PU, and PA.
Figure 12. Applications for CO2.
Figure 13. Cost to capture one metric ton of carbon, by sector.
Figure 14. Life cycle of CO2-derived products and services.
Figure 15. CO2 utilization pathways and products.
Figure 16. Plasma technology configurations and their advantages and disadvantages for CO2 conversion.
Figure 17. Electrochemical CO2 reduction products.
Figure 18. LanzaTech gas-fermentation process.
Figure 19. Schematic of biological CO2 conversion into e-fuels.
Figure 20. Econic catalyst systems.
Figure 21. Mineral carbonation processes.
Figure 22. Conversion route for CO2-derived fuels and chemical intermediates.
Figure 23. Conversion pathways for CO2-derived methane, methanol and diesel.
Figure 24. CO2 feedstock for the production of e-methanol.
Figure 25. Schematic illustration of approaches for CO2 conversion.
Figure 26. Conversion of CO2 into chemicals and fuels via different pathways.
Figure 27. Conversion pathways for CO2-derived polymeric materials
Figure 28. Conversion pathway for CO2-derived building materials.
Figure 29. Schematic of CCUS in cement sector.
Figure 30. Carbon8 Systems' ACT process.
Figure 31. CO2 utilization in the Carbon Cure process
Figure 32. Algal cultivation in the desert.
Figure 33. Example pathways for products from cyanobacteria.
Figure 34. Typical Flow Diagram for CO2 EOR.
Figure 35. Large CO2-EOR projects in different project stages by industry.
Figure 36. Carbon mineralization pathways.
Figure 37. Cell-free and cell-based protein synthesis systems.
Figure 38. The design-make-test-learn loop of generative biology.
Figure 39. CRISPR/Cas9 & Targeted Genome Editing.
Figure 40. Genetic Circuit-Assisted Smart Microbial Engineering.
Figure 41. Microbial Chassis Development for Natural Product Biosynthesis.
Figure 42. LanzaTech gas-fermentation process.
Figure 43. Schematic of biological CO2 conversion into e-fuels.
Figure 44. Overview of biogas utilization.
Figure 45. Biogas and biomethane pathways.
Figure 46. Schematic overview of anaerobic digestion process for biomethane production.
Figure 47. BLOOM masterbatch from Algix.
Figure 48. TRL of critical material extraction technologies.
Figure 49. Organization and morphology of cellulose synthesizing terminal complexes (TCs) in different organisms.
Figure 50. Bacterial nanocellulose shapes
Figure 51. BLOOM masterbatch from Algix.
Figure 52. Luum Temple, constructed from Bamboo.
Figure 53. Typical structure of mycelium-based foam.
Figure 54. Commercial mycelium composite construction materials.
Figure 55. Self-healing concrete test study with cracked concrete (left) and self-healed concrete after 28 days (right).
Figure 56. Self-healing bacteria crack filler for concrete.
Figure 57. Self-healing bio concrete.
Figure 58. Microalgae based biocement masonry bloc.
Figure 59. Types of bio-based materials used for antimicrobial food packaging application.
Figure 60. Water soluble packaging by Notpla.
Figure 61. Examples of edible films in food packaging.
Figure 62. Applications for CO2.
Figure 63. Life cycle of CO2-derived products and services.
Figure 64. Conversion pathways for CO2-derived polymeric materials
Figure 65. Schematic of production of powder coatings.
Figure 66. Organization and morphology of cellulose synthesizing terminal complexes (TCs) in different organisms.
Figure 67. Types of bio-based materials used for antimicrobial food packaging application.
Figure 68. Vapor degreasing.
Figure 69. Multi-layered PCB.
Figure 70. 3D printed PCB.
Figure 71. In-mold electronics prototype devices and products.
Figure 72. Typical structure of mycelium-based foam.
Figure 73. Dell's Concept Luna laptop.
Figure 74. Direct-write, precision dispensing, and 3D printing platform for 3D printed electronics.
Figure 75. 3D printed circuit boards from Nano Dimension.
Figure 76. Photonic sintering.
Figure 77. Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT).
Figure 78. Material jetting 3d printing.
Figure 79. Material jetting 3d printing product.
Figure 80. The molecular mechanism of the shape memory effect under different stimuli.
Figure 81. Supercooled Soldering Technology.
Figure 82. Reflow soldering schematic.
Figure 83. Schematic diagram of induction heating reflow.
Figure 84. Fully-printed organic thin-film transistors and circuitry on one-micron-thick polymer films.
Figure 85. Types of PCBs after dismantling waste computers and monitors.
Figure 86. AlgiKicks sneaker, made with the Algiknit biopolymer gel.
Figure 87. Conceptual landscape of next-gen leather materials.
Figure 88. Typical structure of mycelium-based foam.
Figure 89. Hermes bag made of MycoWorks' mycelium leather.
Figure 90. Ganni blazer made from bacterial cellulose.
Figure 91. Bou Bag by GANNI and Modern Synthesis.
Figure 92. Regional production of biodiesel (billion litres).
Figure 93. Flow chart for biodiesel production.
Figure 94. Biodiesel (B20) average prices, current and historical, USD/litre.
Figure 95. Global biodiesel consumption, 2010-2035 (M litres/year).
Figure 97. Global renewable diesel consumption, 2010-2035 (M litres/year).
Figure 99. Global bio-jet fuel consumption to 2019-2035 (Million litres/year).
Figure 102. Renewable Methanol Production Processes from Different Feedstocks.
Figure 103. Production of biomethane through anaerobic digestion and upgrading.
Figure 104. Production of biomethane through biomass gasification and methanation.
Figure 105. Production of biomethane through the Power to methane process.
Figure 107. Properties of petrol and biobutanol.
Figure 108. Biobutanol production route.
Figure 109. Biogas and biomethane pathways.
Figure 110. Overview of biogas utilization.
Figure 111. Biogas and biomethane pathways.
Figure 112. Schematic overview of anaerobic digestion process for biomethane production.
Figure 113. Schematic overview of biomass gasification for biomethane production.
Figure 115. Total syngas market by product in MM Nm3/h of Syngas, 2021.
Figure 117. Waste plastic production pathways to (A) diesel and (B) gasoline
Figure 118. Schematic for Pyrolysis of Scrap Tires.
Figure 119. Used tires conversion process.
Figure 120. Total syngas market by product in MM Nm3/h of Syngas.
Figure 121. Overview of biogas utilization.
Figure 122. Biogas and biomethane pathways.
Figure 123. Process steps in the production of electrofuels.
Figure 124. Mapping storage technologies according to performance characteristics.
Figure 125. Production process for green hydrogen.
Figure 126. Fischer-Tropsch liquid e-fuel products.
Figure 127. Resources required for liquid e-fuel production.
Figure 128. Pathways for algal biomass conversion to biofuels.
Figure 129. Algal biomass conversion process for biofuel production.
Figure 130. Classification and process technology according to carbon emission in ammonia production.
Figure 131. Green ammonia production and use.
Figure 132. Schematic of the Haber Bosch ammonia synthesis reaction.
Figure 133. Schematic of hydrogen production via steam methane reformation.
Figure 134. Estimated production cost of green ammonia.
Figure 135. Bio-oil upgrading/fractionation techniques.