Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Epidemiology Forecast 2025-2034

In 2022, approximately 315 million individuals globally were living with coronary artery disease (CAD). The age-standardized prevalence of CAD that year was 3,605 per 100,000 people. The regions with the highest CAD rates were Central Europe, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia, which had a rate of 8,019 per 100,000. Conversely, South Asia recorded the lowest rate, at 2,393 per 100,000 people.

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Epidemiology Forecast Report Coverage

The Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Epidemiology Forecast Report 2025-2034 delivers a comprehensive analysis of the condition’s prevalence and associated demographic factors. It projects future incidence and prevalence trends across diverse population groups, considering key variables such as age, gender, and coronary artery disease (CAD) type. The report highlights change in prevalence over time and offers data-driven forecasts based on influencing factors. Additionally, it provides an in-depth overview of the disease, along with historical and projected epidemiological data for eight key markets:

The United States, United Kingdom, France, Italy, Spain, Germany, Japan, and India.

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD):

Disease Overview

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a condition where the coronary arteries, responsible for supplying blood to the heart, become narrowed or blocked due to the buildup of fatty deposits (atherosclerosis). This reduces blood flow, leading to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, and potentially heart attacks. CAD is primarily caused by risk factors such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, and a sedentary lifestyle. The condition is prevalent worldwide, with higher rates seen in regions like Central and Eastern Europe, and lower rates in South Asia. Early detection and management are crucial for reducing complications.

Epidemiology Overview

The epidemiology of coronary artery disease (CAD) section provides insights into the patient population from historical data to current trends, as well as projections for each of the 8 major markets. The Research examines a variety of studies to present both current and future trends for coronary artery disease. The report also covers the diagnosed patient pool for coronary artery disease, breaking the data into categories such as the total number of cases in males and females, and cases across different age groups and patient pools.

• Coronary artery disease remains a major global health concern, contributing to approximately 610,000 deaths annually in The United States, or one in every four deaths. It is also responsible for an estimated 17.8 million deaths worldwide each year. In the U.S., roughly 5% of adults aged 20 and older - around one in 20 - live with coronary artery disease.
• By 2022, there were 315 million global cases of coronary artery disease, with an age-standardized prevalence of 3,605 per 100,000 people.
• The prevalence of coronary artery disease rises after the age of 35 in both genders. By the age of 40, the lifetime risk is 49% for men and 32% for women.

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD):

Treatment Overview

Treatment for coronary artery disease (CAD) focuses on managing symptoms, preventing complications, and improving overall heart health. A combination of lifestyle changes, medications, and sometimes surgical interventions is used to treat CAD. Lifestyle modifications, including a healthy diet, regular exercise, and smoking cessation, are essential to managing the disease. Medications such as aspirin and statins are often prescribed to reduce blood clotting and manage cholesterol. In severe cases, surgical procedures like coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) may be necessary.

1. Lifestyle Modifications

Lifestyle changes are a cornerstone in treating coronary artery disease. A healthy, balanced diet, regular physical activity, and weight management are critical. Smoking cessation is particularly important, as smoking accelerates artery plaque buildup. These modifications help lower blood pressure, improve cholesterol levels, and reduce the risk of further heart damage, often reducing the need for medications or surgical interventions.

2. Medications

Medications play a crucial role in treating coronary artery disease. Statins are commonly used to lower cholesterol levels, thereby preventing plaque buildup in the arteries. Antiplatelet drugs, like aspirin, help reduce the risk of blood clots, preventing heart attacks. Beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors may be prescribed to control blood pressure and manage symptoms such as chest pain. These drugs aim to reduce the workload on the heart and prevent further complications.

3. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)

In cases of severe coronary artery disease, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), also known as angioplasty, is a minimally invasive procedure. A catheter is inserted into the blocked artery, and a balloon is inflated to open the artery. A stent is often placed to keep the artery open. PCI can quickly restore blood flow to the heart, improving oxygen supply and reducing symptoms of chest pain, although it may need to be repeated if new blockages form.

4. Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)

For patients with extensive coronary artery disease or when PCI is not an option, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) may be recommended. This surgical procedure involves creating new pathways (bypasses) for blood to flow around blocked or narrowed coronary arteries. CABG significantly improves blood flow to the heart muscle, alleviating chest pain, and reducing the risk of heart attacks, especially in patients with multiple blockages.

5. Cardiac Rehabilitation

Cardiac rehabilitation is a structured program that combines physical activity, education, and emotional support to help patients recover after a heart-related event or surgery. It includes supervised exercise to improve cardiovascular fitness, counselling on healthy lifestyle choices, and stress management techniques. This holistic approach improves recovery outcomes and lowers the risk of future heart events.

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD):

Burden Analysis

Coronary artery disease (CAD) significantly impacts quality of life, as it is associated with chronic symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue. These symptoms can limit physical activity and reduce daily functionality. The disease is a leading cause of disability and premature death worldwide, affecting both physical and mental health. Patients may experience anxiety, depression, and social isolation due to the constant health concerns. Additionally, the financial burden of ongoing treatments, medications, and surgeries further exacerbates the strain on individuals and their families, affecting overall well-being and quality of life.

Key Epidemiology Trends

• Increasing Prevalence Among Younger Populations

There has been a growing trend of coronary artery disease affecting younger populations in recent years. Traditionally, coronary artery disease was more prevalent in older adults, but lifestyle factors such as poor diet, sedentary behavior, and rising levels of obesity have contributed to an increase in cases among people in their 30s and 40s. This shift poses new challenges for healthcare systems, as these individuals may face the disease for many decades, increasing the long-term burden on both healthcare resources and the individuals' quality of life.

• Higher Rates in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

While coronary artery disease has long been associated with high-income countries, there has been a significant rise in its prevalence in low- and middle-income countries. As urbanization increases and lifestyle changes occur, these regions are seeing an increase in risk factors such as smoking, high-fat diets, and a decrease in physical activity. Additionally, the lack of access to preventative healthcare and early diagnosis in many of these areas exacerbates the problem, making it harder to manage and control the progression of coronary artery disease.

• Gender Differences in Coronary Artery Disease Prevalence

Recent trends show a shift in the gender disparity in the prevalence of coronary artery disease. While men have traditionally been at higher risk, recent data suggests that the gap is narrowing, with women now being affected at higher rates, particularly after menopause. This is largely attributed to the loss of the protective effects of estrogen, which has been shown to play a role in cardiovascular health. Women may also face more barriers to diagnosis and treatment, resulting in delayed care and worse outcomes.

• Impact of Comorbid Conditions

The growing prevalence of comorbid conditions, such as diabetes, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease, is contributing to the increased incidence of coronary artery disease. People with these conditions are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular complications. The rise in these comorbidities, often due to lifestyle factors, has resulted in more people presenting with multiple health issues that exacerbate coronary artery disease, leading to more complex treatment regimens and poorer long-term prognoses.

• Advances in Early Detection and Screening

The advancement in early detection methods and screening techniques has led to more people being diagnosed with coronary artery disease at earlier stages, even before symptoms manifest. This includes improvements in imaging techniques such as coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which allow healthcare professionals to detect signs of coronary artery disease earlier than before. As a result, more individuals are receiving early interventions that can prevent the progression of the disease, although challenges remain in ensuring equitable access to these diagnostic tools.

Analysis By Region

The epidemiology of coronary artery disease (CAD) varies across countries and regions due to differences in healthcare infrastructure, socioeconomic factors, cultural attitudes towards pain, and access to pain management therapies. Understanding these variations is essential for developing targeted interventions and improving patient outcomes.

Key regions include:

• The United States
• Germany
• France
• Italy
• Spain
• The United Kingdom
• Japan
• India

These regions exhibit distinct epidemiological trends, reflecting the unique challenges and opportunities within their healthcare systems.

The epidemiology of coronary artery disease (CAD) differs across countries due to factors such as lifestyle and dietary habits, access to healthcare services, genetic predispositions, family history of heart disease, and varying national and regional health policies. In the United Kingdom, approximately 2.3 million individuals are affected by coronary heart disease. These factors contribute to the prevalence and outcomes of the condition, influencing the burden it places on healthcare systems and individuals across different regions.

Key Questions Answered

• How does the prevalence of coronary artery disease differ between rural and urban populations, and what are the contributing factors to these differences?
• What are the long-term epidemiological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular diseases, particularly in vulnerable populations?
• How do environmental factors such as air pollution and climate change influence the incidence and progression of respiratory diseases in urban areas?
• How does the socioeconomic status of different communities impact the prevalence and outcomes of diabetes in both children and adults?
• What are the key factors contributing to the rising incidence of non-communicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries?
• How has the global increase in mental health disorders affected the burden of chronic diseases, particularly among younger populations?
• What role does genetics play in the epidemiology of autoimmune diseases, and how can personalized medicine help address this?
• How does early childhood nutrition impact the long-term epidemiological trends of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood?
• How does the increased reliance on telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic affect the diagnosis and management of chronic diseases?
• What is the role of vaccination campaigns in reducing the prevalence of infectious diseases, and how have these trends evolved globally in recent years?

Scope of the Report

• The report covers a detailed analysis of signs and symptoms, causes, risk factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment options, and classification/types of coronary artery disease (CAD) based on several factors.
• The coronary artery disease (CAD) epidemiology forecast report covers data for the eight major markets (the US, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK, Japan, and India)
• The report helps to identify the patient population, the unmet needs of coronary artery disease (CAD) are highlighted along with an assessment of the disease's risk and burden.