1. Methodology & Report Coverage
1.1. Definition & Objective
1.2. Market Evaluation & forecast parameter
1.3. Research Methodology
1.4. Data Validation Sources
1.4.1. Secondary Research
1.4.2. Primary Research
2. Market Overview
3. Green Solvents Market: Market Dynamics
3.1. Executive Summary
3.2. Market Driving Factors
3.2.1. Increasing environmental regulations promoting sustainable practices
3.2.2. Rising demand for eco-friendly products across various industries
3.2.3. Growing consumer awareness regarding harmful solvent effects
3.3. Key industry pitfalls & challenges
3.3.1. Higher cost compared to traditional petroleum-based solvents
3.3.2. The Limited availability of some bio-based solvents in regions
3.3.3. Performance issues in specific applications compared to conventional solvents
3.4. Market Opportunities
3.4.1. Expansion of bio-based solvent production technologies and innovations
3.4.2. Rising interest in green chemistry and sustainable manufacturing
3.4.3. Increasing applications in emerging markets and industries
3.5. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
3.6. PESTLE Analysis
3.7. Regulatory landscape
3.8. Investment landscape
3.9. ESG Scenario
3.10. Competitive landscape
3.10.1. Company Market Share
3.10.2. Market Positioning
3.10.3. Strategy framework
3.10.4. Recent Acquisitions & Mergers
4. Green Solvents Market, Type Segment Analysis
4.1. Overview Dynamics
4.1.1. Market Revenue Share, By Type, 2025 & 2035
4.1.2. Key Market Trends, Growth Factors, & Opportunities
4.2. Bio-Alcohols
4.2.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
4.3. Bio-Glycols
4.3.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
4.4. Bio-Diols
4.4.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
4.5. Lactate Esters
4.5.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
4.6. D-Limonene
4.6.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
4.7. Bio-Based Acetone
4.7.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
4.8. Others
4.8.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
5. Green Solvents Market, Source Segment Analysis
5.1. Overview
5.1.1. Market Revenue Share, By Source, 2025 & 2035
5.1.2. Key Market Trends, Growth Factors, & Opportunities
5.2. Agricultural Crops
5.2.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
5.3. Cellulose & Biomass
5.3.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
5.4. Other Renewable Sources
6. Green Solvents Market, Application Segment Analysis
6.1. Overview
6.1.1. Market Revenue Share, By Application, 2025 & 2035
6.1.2. Key Market Trends, Growth Factors, & Opportunities
6.2. Paints & Coatings
6.2.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
6.3. Adhesives & Sealants
6.3.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
6.4. Pharmaceuticals
6.4.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
6.5. Cosmetics & Personal Care
6.5.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
6.6. Cleaning Products
6.6.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
6.7. Printing Inks
6.7.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
6.8. Food & Beverages
6.8.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
6.9. Other Industrial Applications
6.9.1. Market Size and Forecast, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
7. Green Solvents Market, Region Segment Analysis
7.1. Overview
7.1.1. Global Market Revenue Share, By Region, 2025 & 2035
7.1.2. Global Market Revenue, By Region, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
7.2. North America
7.2.1. North America Market Revenue, By Country, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
7.2.2. North America Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.2.3. North America Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.2.4. North America Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.2.5. The U.S.
7.2.5.1. U.S. Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.2.5.2. U.S. Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.2.5.3. U.S. Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.2.6. Canada
7.2.6.1. Canada Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.2.6.2. Canada Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.2.6.3. Canada Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.3. Europe
7.3.1. Europe Market Revenue, By Country, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
7.3.2. Europe Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.3.3. Europe Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.3.4. Europe Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.3.5. Germany
7.3.5.1. Germany Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.3.5.2. Germany Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.3.5.3. Germany Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.3.6. France
7.3.6.1. France Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.3.6.2. France Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.3.6.3. France Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.3.7. U.K.
7.3.7.1. U.K. Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.3.7.2. U.K. Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.3.7.3. U.K. Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.3.8. Italy
7.3.8.1. Italy Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.3.8.2. Italy Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.3.8.3. Italy Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.3.9. Spain
7.3.9.1. Spain Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.3.9.2. Spain Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.3.9.3. Spain Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.3.10. Rest of Europe
7.3.10.1. Rest of Europe Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.3.10.2. Rest of Europe Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.3.10.3. Rest of Europe Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.4. Asia Pacific
7.4.1. Asia Pacific Market Revenue, By Country, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
7.4.2. Asia Pacific Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.4.3. Asia Pacific Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.4.4. Asia Pacific Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.4.5. China
7.4.5.1. China Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.4.5.2. China Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.4.5.3. China Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.4.6. Japan
7.4.6.1. Japan Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.4.6.2. Japan Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.4.6.3. Japan Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.4.7. India
7.4.7.1. India Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.4.7.2. India Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.4.7.3. India Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.4.8. Australia
7.4.8.1. Australia Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.4.8.2. Australia Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.4.8.3. Australia Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.4.9. South Korea
7.4.9.1. South Korea Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.4.9.2. South Korea Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.4.9.3. South Korea Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.4.10. Singapore
7.4.10.1. Singapore Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.4.10.2. Singapore Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.4.10.3. Singapore Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.4.11. Rest of Asia Pacific
7.4.11.1. Rest of Asia Pacific Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.4.11.2. Rest of Asia Pacific Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.4.11.3. Rest of Asia Pacific Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.5. Latin America
7.5.1. Latin America Market Revenue, By Country, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
7.5.2. Latin America Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.5.3. Latin America Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.5.4. Latin America Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.5.5. Brazil
7.5.5.1. Brazil Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.5.5.2. Brazil Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.5.5.3. Brazil Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.5.6. Argentina
7.5.6.1. Argentina Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.5.6.2. Argentina Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.5.6.3. Argentina Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.5.7. Mexico
7.5.7.1. Mexico Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.5.7.2. Mexico Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.5.7.3. Mexico Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.5.8. Rest of Latin America
7.5.8.1. Rest of Latin America Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.5.8.2. Rest of Latin America Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.5.8.3. Rest of Latin America Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.6. MEA
7.6.1. MEA Market Revenue, By Country, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
7.6.2. MEA Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.6.3. MEA Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.6.4. MEA Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.6.5. GCC Countries
7.6.5.1. GCC Countries Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.6.5.2. GCC Countries Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.6.5.3. GCC Countries Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.6.6. South Africa
7.6.6.1. South Africa Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.6.6.2. South Africa Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.6.6.3. South Africa Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
7.6.7. Rest of Middle East & Africa
7.6.7.1. Rest of Middle East & Africa Market Revenue, By Type, 2025-2035
7.6.7.2. Rest of Middle East & Africa Market Revenue, By Source, 2025-2035
7.6.7.3. Rest of Middle East & Africa Market Revenue, By Application, 2025-2035
8. Company Profile
8.1. The Dow Chemical Company
8.1.1. Business Overview
8.1.2. Financial Performance
8.1.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.1.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.1.5. SWOT Analysis
8.2. Cargill, Incorporated
8.2.1. Business Overview
8.2.2. Financial Performance
8.2.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.2.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.2.5. SWOT Analysis
8.3. Clariant International Ltd
8.3.1. Business Overview
8.3.2. Financial Performance
8.3.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.3.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.3.5. SWOT Analysis
8.4. Bio Brands LLC
8.4.1. Business Overview
8.4.2. Financial Performance
8.4.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.4.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.4.5. SWOT Analysis
8.5. Archer Daniels Midland Company
8.5.1. Business Overview
8.5.2. Financial Performance
8.5.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.5.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.5.5. SWOT Analysis
8.6. Corbion NV
8.6.1. Business Overview
8.6.2. Financial Performance
8.6.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.6.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.6.5. SWOT Analysis
8.7. CREMER OLEO GmbH & Co. KG
8.7.1. Business Overview
8.7.2. Financial Performance
8.7.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.7.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.7.5. SWOT Analysis
8.8. Vertec BioSolvents Inc.
8.8.1. Business Overview
8.8.2. Financial Performance
8.8.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.8.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.8.5. SWOT Analysis
8.9. Florachem Corp.
8.9.1. Business Overview
8.9.2. Financial Performance
8.9.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.9.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.9.5. SWOT Analysis
8.10. Solvay S.A.
8.10.1. Business Overview
8.10.2. Financial Performance
8.10.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.10.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.10.5. SWOT Analysis
8.11. Stepan Company
8.11.1. Business Overview
8.11.2. Financial Performance
8.11.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.11.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.11.5. SWOT Analysis
8.12. BASF SE
8.12.1. Business Overview
8.12.2. Financial Performance
8.12.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.12.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.12.5. SWOT Analysis
8.13. Eastman Chemical Company
8.13.1. Business Overview
8.13.2. Financial Performance
8.13.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.13.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.13.5. SWOT Analysis
8.14. GFBiochemicals
8.14.1. Business Overview
8.14.2. Financial Performance
8.14.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.14.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.14.5. SWOT Analysis
8.15. Circa Group
8.15.1. Business Overview
8.15.2. Financial Performance
8.15.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.15.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.15.5. SWOT Analysis
8.16. India Glycols Limited
8.16.1. Business Overview
8.16.2. Financial Performance
8.16.3. Product/Service Offerings
8.16.4. Strategies & recent developments
8.16.5. SWOT Analysis
List of Tables
Table 1. Global Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 2. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Activated Carbon, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 3. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Carbon Derivatives, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 4. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Metal Oxides, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 5. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Conductive Polymers, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 6. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Others, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 7. Global Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 8. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Consumer Electronics, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 9. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Industrial, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 10. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Transportation, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 11. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Others, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 12. North America Green Solvents Market Value, By Country, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 13. North America Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 14. North America Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 15. U.S Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 16. U.S Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 17. Canada Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 18. Canada Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 19. Europe Green Solvents Market Value, By Country, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 20. Europe Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 21. Europe Green Solvents Market Value, Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 22. Germany Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 23. Germany Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 24. U.K Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 25. U.K Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 26. France Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 27. France Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 28. Italy Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 29. Italy Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 30. Spain Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 31. Spain Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 32. Roe Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 33. Roe Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 34. Asia Pacifc Green Solvents Market Value, By Country, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 35. Asia Pacifc Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 36. Asia Pacifc Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 37. China Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 38. China Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 39. India Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 40. India Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 41. Japan Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 42. Japan Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 43. Rest of Apac Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 44. Rest of Apac Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 45. Rest of World Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 46. Rest of World Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Table 47. Cabot(Norit): Financials
Table 48. Cabot(Norit): Products & Services
Table 49. Cabot(Norit): Recent Developments
Table 50. Kurary Co. Ltd: Financials
Table 51. Kurary Co. Ltd: Products & Services
Table 52. Kurary Co. Ltd: Recent Developments
Table 53. Bayer Materialscience Ag: Financials
Table 54. Bayer Materialscience Ag: Products & Services
Table 55. Bayer Materialscience Ag: Recent Developments
Table 56. Calgon Carbon Corporation: Financials
Table 57. Calgon Carbon Corporation: Products & Services
Table 58. Calgon Carbon Corporation: Recent Developments
Table 59. Carbon Nt&F: Financials
Table 60. Carbon Nt&F: Products & Services
Table 61. Carbon Nt&F: Recent Developments
Table 62. Shenzhen Ntp: Financials
Table 63. Shenzhen Ntp: Products & Services
Table 64. Shenzhen Ntp: Recent Developments
Table 65. Ceca Sa: Financials
Table 66. Ceca Sa: Products & Services
Table 67. Ceca Sa: Recent Developments
Table 68. Cnano Source: Financials
Table 69. Cnano Source: Products & Services
Table 70. Cnano Source: Recent Developments
Table 71. Donau Chemie Group: Financials
Table 72. Donau Chemie Group: Products & Services
Table 73. Donau Chemie Group: Recent Developments
Table 74. Showa Denko: Financials
Table 75. Showa Denko: Products & Services
Table 76. Showa Denko: Recent Developments
List of Charts
Chart 1. Global Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 2. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Activated Carbon, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 3. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Carbon Derivatives, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 4. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Metal Oxides, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 5. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Conductive Polymers, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 6. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Others, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 7. Global Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 8. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Consumer Electronics, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 9. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Industrial, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 10. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Transportation, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 11. Global Green Solvents Market Value For Others, By Geography, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 12. North America Green Solvents Market Value, By Country, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 13. North America Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 14. North America Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 15. U.S Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 16. U.S Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 17. Canada Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 18. Canada Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 19. Europe Green Solvents Market Value, By Country, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 20. Europe Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 21. Europe Green Solvents Market Value, Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 22. Germany Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 23. Germany Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 24. U.K Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 25. U.K Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 26. France Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 27. France Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 28. Italy Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 29. Italy Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 30. Spain Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 31. Spain Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 32. Roe Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 33. Roe Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 34. Asia Pacifc Green Solvents Market Value, By Country, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 35. Asia Pacifc Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 36. Asia Pacifc Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 37. China Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 38. China Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 39. India Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 40. India Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 41. Japan Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 42. Japan Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 43. Rest of Apac Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 44. Rest of Apac Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 45. Rest of World Green Solvents Market Value, By Source, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Chart 46. Rest of World Green Solvents Market Value, By Application, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)