Lunar Energy Harvesting Market Report 2025

The lunar energy harvesting market size has grown rapidly in recent years. It will grow from $1.39 billion in 2024 to $1.62 billion in 2025 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 16.8%. The growth in the historic period can be attributed to increasing global energy demands, growing concerns over the depletion of fossil fuels, heightened interest in space exploration by governments, rising investments in space infrastructure, and expanding international collaboration in space missions.

The lunar energy harvesting market size is expected to see rapid growth in the next few years. It will grow to $3.0 billion in 2029 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 16.6%. The growth in the forecast period can be attributed to strengthening global policies supporting off-Earth energy development, increasing demand for diversification of renewable energy sources, rising interest in extraterrestrial colonization, growing need for uninterrupted power supply in space, and heightened emphasis on energy security for long-duration space missions. Major trends expected during this period include advancements in wireless power transmission technologies, progress in lunar regolith-to-energy conversion methods, development of autonomous construction and maintenance systems, optimization of energy storage solutions for lunar environments, and enhancement of modular energy harvesting infrastructure designs.

The rising investments in space exploration are expected to drive the growth of the lunar energy harvesting market in the coming years. Space exploration involves the scientific study and discovery of outer space using advanced technologies to investigate celestial bodies and cosmic phenomena beyond Earth. Investment in this field is growing due to expanding commercial opportunities, as private companies increasingly view space-based technologies and services as profitable ventures offering long-term returns. These rising investments are fueling the demand for lunar energy harvesting by accelerating efforts to develop permanent lunar bases that depend on sustainable, local power sources such as solar energy systems or helium-3 extraction units to operate independently of Earth. For example, in March 2025, the House of Commons Library, a UK-based library and information provider for the British Parliament, reported that between 2022 and 2024, the UK government secured contracts worth $1.135 billion (£844 million) through the European Space Agency (ESA). Therefore, the growing investment in space exploration is contributing to the expansion of the lunar energy harvesting market.

Major companies in the lunar energy harvesting market are focusing on advancing technologies like lunar regolith excavators to establish efficient, high-capacity systems for extracting resources on the Moon. A lunar regolith excavator is a specially designed machine capable of extracting and managing large amounts of lunar soil in extreme space conditions, allowing for the collection of valuable in-situ materials such as helium-3. For instance, in May 2025, Interlune Corporation, a US-based space resource startup, introduced the Interlune Excavator. This full-scale prototype is built to process 100 metric tons of lunar regolith per hour continuously, emphasizing performance and adaptability to the Moon’s surface environment. Its compact structure reduces energy consumption, mechanical wear, and dust spread, representing a major step forward in lunar excavation technology.

In May 2025, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), a federal agency based in the United States, partnered with Interlune Corporation to create a scalable framework for using extraterrestrial resources. The objective of this partnership is to support the effective extraction, refinement, and commercialization of materials obtained from the Moon, especially helium-3, for important Earth-based uses, while also laying the foundation for a sustainable space resource economy. Interlune Corporation is a US-based startup dedicated to collecting natural resources from the Moon to promote long-term economic sustainability.

Major players in the lunar energy harvesting market are Boeing Co., Lockheed Martin Corporation, Airbus SE, Northrop Grumman Corporation, Thales Group, Leidos, SpaceX Corp., Blue Origin LLC, United Launch Alliance LLC, Sierra Nevada Corporation, Maxar Technologies Holdings Inc., iSpace Inc., Rocket Lab Ltd., Firefly Aerospace Inc., Intuitive Machines Inc., Astrobotic Technology Inc., Moon Express Inc., Busek Co., Masten Space Systems Inc., OrbitBeyond Inc., Interlune, Shackleton Energy Company, Magna Petra.

North America was the largest region in the lunar energy harvesting market in 2024. Asia-Pacific is expected to be the fastest-growing region in the forecast period. The regions covered in lunar energy harvesting report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the lunar energy harvesting market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA, Canada, Italy, Spain.

Note that the outlook for this market is being affected by rapid changes in trade relations and tariffs globally. The report will be updated prior to delivery to reflect the latest status, including revised forecasts and quantified impact analysis. The report’s Recommendations and Conclusions sections will be updated to give strategies for entities dealing with the fast-moving international environment.

The sharp hike in U.S. tariffs and the associated trade disputes in spring 2025 are notably impacting the aerospace and defense sector by raising costs for titanium, carbon fiber composites, and avionics materials largely sourced from global suppliers. Defense contractors, locked into fixed-price government contracts, absorb these added costs, while commercial aerospace firms face airline pushback on higher aircraft prices. Delays in component shipments due to customs bottlenecks further disrupt tight production schedules for jets and satellites. The industry is responding by stockpiling critical materials, seeking waivers for defense-related imports, and collaborating with allied nations to diversify supply chain.

Lunar energy harvesting refers to the process of capturing, converting, and utilizing the Moon’s natural energy sources such as solar radiation, thermal gradients, or kinetic motion to generate usable power. This is typically achieved through advanced technologies and infrastructure designed for deployment on the lunar surface or in its orbit. The approach is essential for supporting long-duration space missions, enabling extraterrestrial habitation, and advancing space-based energy research and development.

The primary technologies involved in lunar energy harvesting include solar power, nuclear power, regolith-based power, and others. Solar power refers to the use of photovoltaic (PV) panels or solar concentrators to convert sunlight into electricity on the Moon’s surface, providing energy for missions, equipment, and lunar habitats. These technologies are applied in areas such as space missions, lunar bases, and satellite operations, serving end users such as government agencies, commercial entities, research institutions, and others.

The lunar energy harvesting market research report is one of a series of new reports that provides lunar energy harvesting market statistics, including lunar energy harvesting industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a lunar energy harvesting market share, detailed lunar energy harvesting market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the lunar energy harvesting industry. This lunar energy harvesting market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

The lunar energy harvesting market consists of revenues earned by entities by providing services such as lunar energy infrastructure deployment services, power system integration and testing, remote monitoring and diagnostics services, energy management for lunar missions, and maintenance and repair services for lunar power systems. The market value includes the value of related goods sold by the service provider or included within the service offering. The lunar energy harvesting market also includes sales of lunar solar panels, high-efficiency energy converters, cryogenic energy storage tanks, modular lunar power units, radiation-hardened electrical components, autonomous lunar power rovers, and thermal regulation systems for power units. Values in this market are ‘factory gate’ values, that is, the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods.

The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified).

The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products.

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