Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) are a class of pharmaceuticals that target tyrosine kinase enzymes, which are involved in the activation of signal transduction pathways that ultimately lead to cell division and proliferation. The dysregulation of tyrosine kinases is a common feature in the pathogenesis of various types of cancer, leading to unchecked cell growth and tumor development. TKIs are therefore an important class of anticancer agents that have reshaped the drug discovery landscape, especially in the treatment of cancers with identifiable molecular targets.
In the realm of drug discovery, the market for TKIs has matured with the approval of numerous agents that cover a wide spectrum of targets. Research and innovation focus on improving the efficacy and reducing the side effects, which can include kinome non-selectivity leading to off-target effects. Moreover, the emergence of resistance to first-generation TKIs has spurred the development of second- and third-generation inhibitors that aim to overcome resistance by binding to the kinase domain of mutant enzymes.
Several companies are prominent players in the TKI market, frequently associated with pioneering research and the introduction of novel therapeutics. Key names include Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, AstraZeneca, and Bristol Myers Squibb. These companies not only invest heavily in research and development of TKIs but also in the strategic acquisition of smaller biotech firms, partnerships, and collaborations to expand their portfolios and address the diverse needs of patients with cancer. Show Less Read more
