The differences between European and North American regulations are highlighted throughout, making this a truly global work, ideal for worldwide healthcare professionals working in infectious diseases and infection control.
Table of Contents
List of Contributors viiPreface to the Fifth Edition x
Preface to the First Edition xi
SECTION 1 Principles
1 Historical Introduction 1
Adam P. Fraise
2 Types of Microbicidal and Microbistatic Agents 5
Ibrahim Al-Adham, Randa Haddadin and Phillip Collier
3 Factors Affecting the Activities of Microbicides 71
Jean-Yves Maillard
4 Biofilm Recalcitrance: Theories and Mechanisms 87
Andrew J. McBain, Najib Sufya and Alexander H. Rickard
5 Mechanisms of Action of Microbicides 95
Peter A. Lambert
6 Bacterial Sensitivity and Resistance to Microbicides 108
6.1 Mechanisms of Bacterial Resistance to Microbicides 108
Jean-Yves Maillard
6.2 Resistance of Bacterial Spores to Chemical Agents 121
Peter Setlow
6.3 Testing of Chemicals as Mycobactericidal Agents 131
Syed A. Sattar
7 Fungicidal Activity of Microbicides 142
Sara Fernandes, Marta Simões, Nicolina Dias, Cledir Santos and Nelson Lima
8 Sensitivity and Resistance of Protozoa to Microbicides 155
Vincent Thomas
9 Virucidal Activity of Microbicides 178
Jean-Yves Maillard, Syed A. Sattar and Federica Pinto
10 Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies and Decontamination 208
Gerald McDonnell
11 Microbicides – the Double-edged Sword: Environmental Toxicity and Emerging Resistance 229
Jean-Marie Pagès, Jean-Yves Maillard, Anne Davin-Regli and Susan Springthorpe
SECTION 2 Practice
12 Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effi cacy 236
Lawrence Staniforth
13 Assessing the Efficacy of Professional Healthcare Antiseptics: a Regulatory Perspective 247
Albert T. Sheldon
14 Regulation of Microbicides 255
14.1 Legislation Affecting Disinfectant Products in Europe: the Biocidal Products Directive and the Registration, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals Regulations 255
Jennifer A. Hopkins
14.2 Regulatory Authorization of Hard Surface Disinfectants in Canada 262
Andre G. Craan, Ian A. Chisholm and Shannon C. Wright
14.3 United States Regulation of Antimicrobial Pesticides 269
Sally Hayes
15 Sterilization Processes 277
15.1 Heat Sterilization 277
Charles O. Hancock
15.2 Radiation Sterilization 294
Peter A. Lambert
15.3 Gaseous Sterilization 306
Jean-Yves Dusseau, Patrick Duroselle and Jean Freney
15.4 Gas Plasma Sterilization 333
Gerald McDonnell
15.5 Filtration Sterilization 343
Susannah E. Walsh and Stephen P. Denyer
16 New and Emerging Technologies 371
Peter A. Burke and Gerald McDonnell
17 Preservation of Medicines and Cosmetics 388
Sarah J. Hiom
18 Sterility Assurance: Concepts, Methods and Problems 408
Richard Bancroft
19 Special Problems in Hospital Environments 418
19.1 Hand Hygiene 418
Benedetta Allegranzi and Didier Pittet
19.2 Decontamination of the Environment and Medical Equipment in Hospitals 445
Adam P. Fraise
19.3 Decontamination of Endoscopes 459
Michelle J. Alfa and Christina Bradley
19.4 Issues Associated with the Decontamination of Laundry and Clinical Waste 471
Peter Hoffman
19.5 Treated Recreational Water Venues 478
Darla M. Goeres, Philippe Hartemann and John V. Dadswell
20 Antimicrobial Surfaces and Devices 485
20.1 Antimicrobial Surfaces 485
Gareth J. Williams
20.2 Antimicrobial Devices 500
Brendan F. Gilmore and Sean P. Gorman
20.3 Antimicrobial Dressings 514
Valerie Edwards-Jones
20.4 Antimicrobial Textiles and Testing Techniques 520
Robert A. Monticello and Peter D. Askew
21 Other Health Sectors 530
21.1 Use of Microbicides in Disinfection of Contact Lenses 530
Patrick J. McCormick, Susan E. Norton and James J. Kaiser
21.2 Special Issues in Dentistry 537
Jonathan L.S. Caplin
22 Emerging Natural Technologies 550
22.1 Natural Products 550
Rose Cooper
22.2 Applications of Bacteriophage Technology 565
Geoffrey W. Hanlon
23 Control of Infectious Bioagents 576
Les Baillie and Steven Theriault
Index 589
