Redox Chemistry and Biology of Thiols

Table of Contents

1. Basic concepts of thiol chemistry and biology 2. Chemical basis of cysteine reactivity: Acidity and nucleophilicity 3. Computational functional analysis of cysteine residues in proteins 4. Global approaches for protein thiol redox state detection and quantification 5. Thiol oxidation by biologically-relevant reactive species 6. Thiyl radicals: formation, properties and detection 7. Detection of the oxidation products of thiols: disulfides, sulfenic, sulfinic and sulfonic acids 8. Biochemistry and detection of S-nitrosothiols 9. Thiol modification and signaling by biological electrophiles 10. Thioredoxin and glutathione reductases 11. Functional plasticity in the thioredoxin family: FeS-thio- and glutaredoxins 12. Glutathione and glutathione-dependent enzymes 13. Thiol and selenol-based peroxidases: Structure and catalytic properties 14. Thiol peroxidase-based redox relays 15. Compartmentalized disulphide bond formation pathways 16. Disulfide bond formation in Escherichia coli 17. Thiol-based redox probes 18. Selenocysteine-containing proteins 19. Overview of cysteine metabolism 20. Hydrogen sulfide and persulfides 21. The role of thiols in iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis 22. Thiol-based redox control in chloroplasts 23. Sugar-based cysteine thiols recruited for oxidative stress defence and redox regulation 24. Polyamine-based thiols in pathogens 25. Thiols in blood 26. A thiol chemistry perspective on redox medicine 27. Therapeutic applications of low-molecular-weight thiols and selenocompounds 28. Thiol targets in drug development to combat bacterial infections

Authors

Beatriz Alvarez Professor, Laboratory of Enzymology, School of Sciences, Universidad de la Rep�blica, Montevideo, Uruguay. Dr. Beatriz Alvarez is a Professor at the Laboratory of Enzymology, School of Sciences, Universidad de la Rep�blica, Montevideo, Uruguay. Her research interests span the areas of redox biochemistry, kinetics and enzymology, especially in relation to biological thiols and hydrogen sulfide. Marcelo Comini Principal Investigator, Redox Biology of Trypanosomes Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Uruguay. Dr. Marcelo Comini is a Principal Investigator at the Redox Biology of Trypanosomes Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Uruguay. He is a Biochemist (Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Argentina) and Dr. rer. nat. from the Technische Universit�t Brausnchweig (Germany). The research interest of his lab encompasses understanding the role of different components of the thiol-redox system of trypanosomatids, the identification of inhibitors thereof, and the development of fluorescent-protein redox biosensors. Gustavo Salinas Principal Investigator, Worm Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo; Professor, Department of Biosciences, School of Chemistry, Universidad de la Rep�blica, Uruguay. Dr. Gustavo Salinas is a Principal Investigator at the Worm Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Uruguay, as well as a Professor at the Department of Biosciences, School of Chemistry, Universidad de la Rep�blica, Uruguay. His research contributes to the understanding of linked thioredoxin-glutathione systems in parasites, glutathione-independent deglutathionylation, selenocysteine horizontal gene transfer and the use of selenocysteine in fungi. He is also interested in anaerobic mitochondria and recently discovered key steps in the biosynthesis of rhodoquinone, an electron transporter used in anaerobic bioenergetics. Madia Trujillo Associate Professor, Biochemistry, School of Medicine; Investigator, Centro de Investigaciones Biom�dicas, Universidad de la Rep�blica, Uruguay. Madia Trujillo, MD, PhD, is an Associate Professor of Biochemistry at the School of Medicine and an Investigator at the Centro de Investigaciones Biom�dicas, Universidad de la Rep�blica, Uruguay. Her research focuses on the characterization of the reactions of biologically relevant oxidants as well as in the mechanisms of their sensing and detoxification, particularly in humans and human pathogens.