Understand the chemical properties of nanomaterials with this thorough introduction
Nanomaterials, which possess at least one dimension lower than 100 nanometers, are increasingly at the forefront of technological and chemical innovation. The properties of these uniquely minute materials give them distinctive applications across a huge range of industries and research fields. It is therefore critical that the next generation of engineers and materials scientists understand these materials, their chemical properties, and how they form bonds.
Chemical Principles of Nanoengineering answers this need with a thorough, detailed introduction to nanomaterials and their underlying chemistry. It particularly emphasizes the connection between nanomaterial properties and chemical bonds, which in turn allows readers to understand how these properties change at different scales. The result is a critical resource for understanding these increasingly vital materials.
Chemical Principles of Nanoengineering readers will also find: - Step-by-step arrangement of material to facilitate learning in sequence and gradual, self-guided progress - End-of-chapter problems and key concept definitions to reinforce learning - Detailed coverage of important nanomaterials like quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and more
Chemical Principles of Nanoengineering is a must-have for advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students in materials science, chemical engineering, chemistry, and related fields.
Table of Contents
Introduction 1
What is Nanoengineering? 1
What are Chemical Principles of Nanoengineering? 3
Who is this Book Intended for? 4
1 Intermolecular Forces 7
1.1 The Pairwise Potential 8
1.2 Electrostatic Interactions 11
1.3 Permanent Dipole Interactions and Hydrogen Bonding 18
1.4 van der Waals Forces 23
1.5 Hydrophobic Forces 32
1.6 Steric Forces 36
1.7 Particle Stability and Aggregation 39
Further Reading 42
Problems and Discussion Topics 43
2 Molecular Bonds 49
2.1 Atomic Orbitals 50
2.2 Valence Bond Theory 51
2.3 Molecular Orbital Theory 58
2.4 Frontier Orbitals and Chemical Reactions 71
2.5 Electronic Transitions 73
2.6 Functional Groups and Nomenclature 75
Further Reading 89
Problems and Discussion Topics 89
3 Extended Solids 95
3.1 Energy Bands 95
3.2 Conductivity 99
3.3 Tight-Binding Approximation 104
3.4 Density of States 116
3.5 Conducting Polymers 120
Further Reading 128
Problems and Discussion Topics 128
4 Nanocarbon 133
4.1 Hybridization 133
4.2 Graphene 137
4.3 Carbon Nanotubes 146
4.4 Fullerenes 154
4.5 Diamondoids 157
References 158
Further Reading 159
Problems and Discussion Topics 159
5 Descriptive Crystal Chemistry 163
5.1 Lattices and the Unit Cell 163
5.2 Hard-Sphere Packing 167
5.3 Coordination Geometries 173
5.4 Bravais Lattices 176
5.5 The Atomic Basis 183
5.6 Archetypes 186
5.7 Miller Indices and Crystal Planes 190
Further Reading 194
Problems and Discussion Topics 194
6 Surface Properties and Effects 199
6.1 Estimating the Surface 199
6.2 Adsorption 203
6.3 Surface Energy 208
6.4 Nearest-neighbor Broken-bond Model 212
6.5 Interfacial Energy 218
6.6 Curvature Effects 222
6.7 Stabilizing the Surface 226
Further Reading 232
Problems and Discussion Topics 232
Index 235
