This volume on Brainstem consolidates research for a complete understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the Brainstem and how it affects assorted other systems in the body. The brainstem impacts breathing, the gastrointestinal system, the cardiac system, mood, pain, wakefulness, consciousness, and sleep. Pathologies can impact vision, motor control, hearing, balance, blood supply and is particularly involved in neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s. The volume discusses how the brainstem operates in full health, pathologies associated with the brainstem and their impact, methods for monitoring brainstem function, and diagnosis and treatment of brainstem disorders. Monitoring and intervention is reliant on technologies to assess function. This volume will include CT, MRI, USG, angiography, BERA, and functional imaging.
Table of Contents
SECTION I Physiology and semiology
1. History of the brainstem-A developing concept throughout the history of medicine
2. Structural and functional anatomy of the brainstem
3. Autonomic blood pressure control
4. Brainstem in pain control
5. Brainstem control of sleep, wakefulness, alertness, and consciousness
SECTION II Pathology
6. Locked-in syndrome
7. The vestibular system: Unsteadiness, dizziness, and vertigo
8. Oculomotor disorders and nystagmus
9. Pupillary disorders
10. Neurodevelopmental brainstem syndromes
11. Intrinsic pontine tumors: Pathology of brainstem tumors and exploration of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
12. Autoimmune maladies of the brainstem
13. Dysarthria
14. The brainstem in neurodegenerative diseases
15. Brainstem vascular syndromes
16. Traumatic brainstem injury
SECTION III Monitoring and intervention
17. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brainstem
18. Ultrasound studies of brainstem
19. Anatomic imaging: Angiography
20. Brainstem evoked responses
21. Functional and molecular brainstem imaging
22. Brain death and the brainstem
